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Biomedical subjects

A Eliraz

Publications and source records attributed to A Eliraz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Early pregnancy termination: an improved technique for 'menstrual regulation' with ultrasound assistance.

We performed aspiration of early pregnancy on 100 women requesting termination, using a low caliber angled catheter under sonographic guidance, without analgesia or anesthesia. The sonographic inclusion criteria for the study were: (1) mean gestational sac diameter less than 30 mm, or (2) crown rump length less than 10 mm when an embryo was visualized. The uterine content was successfully evacuated in all cases and none needed an additional curettage. Two women developed mild endometritis which responded to antibiotic therapy. This refinement of this 'menstrual regulation' technique seems to be safer when compared with the reported results of the original technique.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1992

Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax: case report.

A 22-year-old previously healthy male was admitted to the emergency department for chest pain and dyspnea of 1-day's duration. He had a history of heavy smoking. The patient was cyanotic, agitated, and severely dyspneic. Lung auscultation revealed severe diffuse bronchospasm and equally diminished breath sounds on both sides. Nasotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were performed shortly after admission due to acute respiratory failure. Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax was diagnosed from the chest x-ray, and chest tube drainage was immediately performed bilaterally. Computerized tomography of the chest 1 month later showed diffuse emphysematous bullae of the lungs. The case presented here should increase physicians' awareness of this rare form of spontaneous pneumothorax and its diverse manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Brucella infection of the testis mimicking malignancy].

A testicular mass is a diagnostic challenge, as it may include both benign and malignant processes. Due to the difficulty in diagnosis and the need to prevent complications, it is sometimes necessary to perform orchiectomy. We present an unusual case of brucellosis in which the presenting features were persistent cough for 6 months and a right testicular mass. The clinical picture and ultrasound findings suggested malignancy. Orchiectomy and medical treatment resulted in rapid resolution of symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Tuberculosis of the spine and ribs].

Tuberculosis of the spine or ribs is uncommon, occurring in less than 1% of patients with tuberculosis (TB). 2 women are presented who recently immigrated from Ethiopia and India, respectively. One, aged 55, presented with chest pain, fatigue and several masses under the skin of the scalp. Chest X-ray and CT scan suggested Pancoast tumor, and the lateral parts of the first 2 right ribs were absent. The origin of the patient, clinical findings and positive PPD suggested TB of the ribs and anti-TB therapy resulted in cure. The diagnosis was later confirmed by a positive culture. The other woman, aged 68, presented with fatigue, mild abdominal pain and axillary lymphadenopathy. The PPD was positive and X-ray showed widening of the mediastinum. A caseating granuloma with Langhans epithelioid cells was found in a lymph node. Flaccid paraparesis developed before therapy was started. CT scan showed a typical picture of TB affecting the T3-T6 vertebrae. Drainage of a cold abscess of the spine via the anterior approach was followed by anti-TB therapy. Culture of a biopsied lymph node and of pus obtained at operation confirmed the diagnosis of TB. The patient died 2 months later from gastrointestinal bleeding. Awareness of the unusual presentations of various forms of TB is mandatory in countries with immigration from countries in which TB is still common.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Inflammatory cells in bronchial lavage fluid after general anesthesia and artificial respiration].

Bronchial lavage was performed immediately after intubation and artificial respiration (sample A) and one hour later (sample B) in 26 patients who underwent general anesthesia for elective surgery, but were otherwise normal. The number of cells recovered in sample B was significantly greater than that in sample A (5.64 +/- 4.62 x 10(6) vs 1.42 +/- 0.99 x 10(6). This difference was greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. There was also a significantly greater proportion of granulocytes in sample B compared to sample A. The results were similar after inhalation or after intravenous anesthesia. There were dynamic changes in quality as well as quantity of inflammatory cells in the lower respiratory tract following intubation and artificial respiration.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1990

[Decreased bone marrow cellularity and hemosiderin in normal and overtrained runners].

The frequency and significance of decreased bone marrow cellularity (BMC) and bone marrow hemosiderin (BMH), and their possible relations to hemoglobin, iron, iron saturation and serum ferritin levels, were studied in 18 normally trained and 18 overtrained competitive distance runners. Decreased BMC was more pronounced in the overtrained runners: mild to moderate hypocellular marrow was found in 25% of them, and severe hypocellularity in another 25%, as compared to 18% and 3.5%, respectively, in the healthy runners. Increased erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (greater than 95 mu 3) was found in 24% of the runners, but in only 3.5% of the controls. Decreased BMH was found in both the overtrained (1.3 +/- 2.0 hemosiderin granules per 100 normoblasts) and the controls (1.5 +/- 1.9 granules). There were no significant differences in levels of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and serum iron, iron saturation and ferritin. The decreased BMH in the face of normal hemoglobin and serum iron and ferritin suggests that as a group, competitive distance runners do not suffer from overt iron deficiency but that iron might be stored differently, with a lesser proportion in the bone marrow. The more pronounced decrease in BMH of overtrained distance runners may indicate a possible relationship, and decreased BMC may identify runners who may be becoming overtrained.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

Cell membrane activities and regeneration mechanisms as therapy mediators in moxibustion and acupuncture treatments: theoretical considerations.

Needling by acupuncture or heating by moxibustion, the major Chinese medicine modalities, include tissue destruction or increased permeability of cell membrane. Both action potential activities and the release of cellular metabolites responsible for regeneration occurs. These phenomena are eventually abolished by local and systemic inhibitory elements being metabolites or neurogenic. The inhibitory effect induced by the acupuncture and moxibustion and directed to the manipulation site of these modalities may affect other anatomical sites and reduce or prevent neoplastic growth and neuromuscular or cardiac membrane activity disturbances.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1990

Adult respiratory distress syndrome: roles of leukotriene C4 and platelet activating factor.

The relationship between leukotriene C4 (LTC4), platelet activating factor (PAF), and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was studied in nine patients and 84 control subjects. A leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay induced by each of the ligands was used to monitor the subjects for 3 consecutive days or until clinical recovery was noted. LAI was considered to be positive if the nonadherence index (NAI) was greater than 30 for LTC4 or greater than 20 for PAF. LAI was negative in all healthy subjects using both ligands. LTC4-induced LAI was positive in all nine ARDS patients and reverted to negative after recovery from the syndrome, while three (33.3%) of nine patients responded to PAF. In contrast, of the 84 control subjects, LAI was induced by LTC4 in only three (3.3%) and by PAF in five (5.9%). The mean NAI (52.2 +/- 18) of LTC4-induced LAI in ARDS patients was significantly (p less than .05) higher when compared with the control group (-5 +/- 6.4), whereas that of PAF-induced LAI was less than 20 in both groups, indicating that LTC4 is a more specific ligand than PAF. All three patients in whom ARDS was caused by sepsis responded to both LTC4 and PAF, but results of specific receptor-antagonist experiments indicated that each compound acted independently. The mean NAI for LTC4 (58.5 +/- 10) and PAF (49.1 +/- 12) in patients with septic ARDS were significantly (p less than .05) higher when compared with those of patients with sepsis alone (0.5 +/- 9.9 and 4.4 +/- 17, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with recurrence of Hodgkin's disease in the lung.

We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with the clinical and histological features of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) 13 years after the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. The PAP preceded the recurrence of Hodgkin's disease in the lung by a few weeks. To the best of our knowledge this patient is the first documented case of recurrent Hodgkin's disease in the lung associated with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Endobronchial tuberculosis].

Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is not rare. It usually affects the upper lobe bronchi. Bronchoscopic examination may reveal white gelatinous material in the bronchial lumen, mucosal ulcerations, polypoid inflammation, scattered green-blue pigmented areas and narrowed bronchi with post-stenotic dilatation, some of which resemble colored dolomite caves. 2 women, aged 70 and 84, are presented, 1 of whom had been suffering for a year from persistent dry cough and the other from diffuse pneumonia resistant to several antibiotics. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy showed the characteristic picture of EBTB, later confirmed by positive cultures. Recognition of the clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic spectrum of EBTB makes it possible to start treatment before bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculosis from endoscopically recovered material.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The role of acupuncture in asthma: changes in airways dynamics and LTC4 induced LAI.

A cohort of nine extrinsic asthma patients were treated by means of acupuncture. Patients were followed up for changes in medical treatment, spirometry, skin reactivity to immediate type reactions, total serum IgE levels and reactivity of their leukocytes to leukotriene C4 challenge (LTC4 induced leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay). Our results show that after acupuncture, treated patients were able to reduce bronchodilator and taper completely corticosteroid therapy. No change in skin reactivity or in IgE levels were noted. However, acupuncture treatment was able to negate, in 66.6%, the positive LTC4 induced responses.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer evaluated by a computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay.

Seventy-four women admitted for breast biopsy were monitored before surgery for anti-tumor cell-mediated immunity using a computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. Spent medium from breast, lung and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines was used as the source of organ-specific neoantigens for standardization of the assay. Peripheral blood leukocytes from 25/40 (62.5%) patients diagnosed after surgery as breast cancer responded to spent medium with a positive non-adherence index (NAI). A positive NAI was inversely related to tumor mass because only 7/18 (38.8%) of those with Stage III or IV had a positive NAI; while 18/22 (81.8%) of those with Stage I or II were positive. Cross-reactive antigenicity was not observed when spent medium from breast cancer was incubated with leukocytes from patients with several other solid tumors nor when leukocytes from breast cancer patients were incubated with spent medium from lung or colon carcinoma cell lines. The antigenic material in the spent medium appears to be an organ-specific neoantigen because only 1/34 patients with benign breast disease had a positive NAI and all normal healthy control individuals were negative. The results of this study show that spent medium of a breast carcinoma cell line is more reliable than crude cancer extracts for use in LAI to detect specific anti-tumor cellular immune responses. The improved method presented in this report can be a useful tool in the early diagnosis of breast cancer and for monitoring of patients with this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mammary tuberculosis mimicking breast cancer].

Breast masses in the 7th decade of life should be considered cancerous and immediate diagnosis and treatment are indicated. Mammary tuberculosis is rare, especially in developed countries. It usually results from reactivation of dormant pulmonary and pleural tuberculous foci. We present a 66-year-old woman who was hospitalized for biopsy of a breast mass. 4 years previously there had been trauma to the chest, and several pleurocenteses were required to remove sterile exudate. The past history, recent immigration from an endemic area, physical examination and chest X-ray, suggested tuberculosis. Needle aspiration of the affected breast yielded M. tuberculosis. Specific therapy and corticosteroids resulted in complete cure.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Allergen-induced leukotriene production by nasal mucosa and peripheral blood leukocytes.

The relationship between release of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from nasal mucosa in vivo and from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in vitro was examined in 18 patients with untreated rhinitis allergic to the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and in 20 nonallergic control subjects following challenge with the specific allergen. Allergic patients were subjected to intranasal and PBL challenge with D pteronyssinus and a nonrelevant allergen, Artemisia vulgaris. In all allergic patients, intranasal challenge by D pteronyssinus, but not by A vulgaris, resulted in a release of substances from the nasal mucosa that reacted in a radioimmunoassay with antiserum to LTC4. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus challenge in vitro of PBLs from the same patients, but not A vulgaris challenge, induced release of the same immunoreactive material into the supernatant. By comparison, the nonallergic subjects challenged with D pteronyssinus showed significantly lower LTC4 levels in their nasal secretions and PBL supernatants. The results show that, following specific allergen challenge, the release of LTC4 by the allergic nasal mucosa is similar in extent and nature to that of PBLs, indicating that these procedures can be used as tools to measure the efficacy of topically and systemically administered antiallergic drugs.

Allergens↗