PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Emami

Publications and source records attributed to A Emami.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Incidence of cholelithiasis in sickle cell anemia using the ultrasonic gray-scale technique.

Gray-scale ultrasound examination of the gallbladder was successfully performed in 226 patients with sickle cell hemoglobinopathy from 2 to 18 years of age. Sixty-three (27%) demonstrated the presence of gallstones; 14 additional patients had "sludge." The incidence of gallstones increased significantly with age, from 12% in the 2- to 4-year age group to 42% in the 15- to 18-year-old group. The proportion of females with gallstones increased significantly in adolescence. Patients with gallstones had higher mean bilirubin levels, but their mean hemoglobin values and reticulocyte counts were not significantly different from those in patients without gallstones. Ultrasound examination of the gallbladder is a simple, noninvasive technique for evaluating the biliary system. The incidence of gallstones in patients below the age of 10 is higher than expected and raises management questions that must be resolved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Contamination of cotton seeds and of cotton seed cake by aflatoxin].

Following the discovery of aflatoxin M in cow's milk in the previous study, the contamination with aflatoxin of cotton-seed and cotton-seed cake which constitute the principal feed of local animals was measured. The samples were taken from 2 factories. The grain from the 1st factory was grown in the centre of the country in dry climate, and those from the 2nd source originated from the humid region of the north of Iran. The grain and cotton-seed cake from the 1st factory did not contain aflatoxin before storage. During storage the sample contamination amount and percent increased with time in both regions, with the dry less than the humid. In conclusion, Iranian cotton-seed and cotton-seed cake appear to be contaminated with aflatoxin B in 2 processes. The 1st is aflatoxin contamination before harvest, in the humid region of Iran; the 2nd is general storage aflatoxin contamination in both regions in which humidity and length of storage appear to be the principal factors.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1969

Goiter in Iran.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oncogenes: present status.

Oncogenes are genes associated with causation of cancer. They were originally associated with the ability of retroviruses to cause tumors in animals. These viral oncogenes (V-onc) have their cellular counterparts (C-onc) called Proto oncogenes. Function of Proto oncogenes is to maintain cellular growth and development. Activation of these proto-oncogenes can occur due to mutation which leads to uncontrolled cell growth. The Proto oncogenes can be grouped into different categories based on their protein products, i.e. protein kinases, growth factors, growth factor receptors, and DNA binding proteins. There are also genes that normally suppress malignant transformation and these are called anti oncogenes. Loss of their suppressor activity leads to unimpeded growth. Oncogene abnormalities are seen in pediatric leukemias, lymphomas, and various solid tumors. Anti oncogenes are associated with retinoblastoma (Rb gene), Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma, etc. Identification of these abnormalities have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. The utility of oncogenes in classification of human cancer and monitoring cancer therapy is quite clear, but the future of these for therapeutic interventions remains uncertain. Role of c-abl oncogene in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), bcl-2, in lymphomas, N-myc in neuroblastomas and retinoblastoma (Rb) gene in retinoblastomas is well understood and used in designing proper therapeutic approaches. Since oncogenes also control normal cellular function, their use for therapy may be limited by the amount of damage to normal cells. Their maximum therapeutic benefit may be realized only when used in combination with other modalities.

Child↗