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Biomedical subjects

A Emminger

Publications and source records attributed to A Emminger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Low-dose radiation is sufficient for the noninvolved extended-field treatment in favorable early-stage Hodgkin's disease: long-term results of a randomized trial of radiotherapy alone.

PURPOSE: To show that radiotherapy (RT) dose to the noninvolved extended field (EF) can be reduced without loss of efficacy in patients with early-stage Hodgkin's disease (HD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: During 1988 to 1994, pathologically staged patients with stage I or II disease who were without risk factors (large mediastinal mass, extranodal lesions, massive splenic disease, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or three or more involved areas) were recruited from various centers. All patients received 40 Gy total fractionated dose to the involved field areas but were randomly assigned to receive either 40 Gy (arm A) or 30 Gy (arm B) total fractionated dose for the clinically noninvolved EF. No chemotherapy was given. RT films were prospectively reviewed for protocol violations and recurrences retrospectively related to the applied RT. RESULTS: Of 382 recruited patients, 376 were eligible for randomized comparison, 190 in arm A and 186 in arm B. Complete remission was attained in 98% of patients in each arm. With a median follow-up of 86 months, 7-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 78% (arm A) and 83% (arm B) (P =.093). The upper 95% confidence limit for the possible inferiority of arm B in RFS was 4%. Corresponding overall survival rates were 91% (arm A) and 96% (arm B) (P =.16). The most common causes of death (n = 27) were cardiorespiratory disease/pulmonary embolisms (seven), second malignancy (six), and HD (five). Protocol violation was associated with significantly poorer RFS. Nonirradiated nodes were involved in 42 of 52 reviewed relapses, infield areas in 18, marginal areas in 17, and extranodal sites in 16. CONCLUSION: EF-RT alone attains good survival rates in favorable early-stage HD. The 30-Gy dose is adequate for clinically noninvolved areas. Protocol violation worsens the subsequent prognosis. Relapse patterns suggest that systemic therapy can reduce the 20% long-term relapse rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A modified facial mask device for the radiotherapy of head-neck tumors].

The reproducibility during radiotherapy of head and neck tumors has been significantly improved by special devices like individual masks. However, the temporary fixation of head and neck region to the irradiation berth induces in many patients anxiety state and reduces this way the compliance. By means of modification of the device used till now a new model in which the set up mask is only coupled to the berth, could be developed. The clinical evaluation showed that this form of fixation device is much better tolerated by the patients and can be adapted without any problems to all equipment pieces in a radiotherapy department. The estimated reproducibility was comparable to that obtained with mounted device. The average translation of the central beam during 21 days observation period was 2.6 +/- 1.4 mm (0 to 9 mm) in the sagittal plane and 3.4 +/- 1.0 mm (1 to 8 mm) in the frontal plane.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1984

[Radiological findings in malignant lymphoma of the stomach].

A retrospective review is presented of the clinical and roentgenographic findings of 40 patients with malignant lymphomas of the stomach treated at the Medical University Hannover during the period from 1971-1983. All cases of Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma (35 primary and 5 secondary) were classified by modified Kiel classification. All patients were staged retrospectively, using modified Ann Arbor staging. In 33 patients the primary choice of treatment were operation, in 4 chemotherapy, and in three patients primary radiation therapy. The male-female ratio was 1:1, the average age at the moment of diagnosis was 58 years. The majority of the tumors were located in the corpus and the antrum with an average diameter of 8 cm. The evaluation of the roentgenographic presentation of gastric lymphoma showed in 75% a combination of different radiologic patterns. According to the main radiologic feature the ulcerating form was found in 11, the polypoid type in 10, the disruption of the mucosal picture (area, folds) in 12, and the gastric wall infiltration was found in 7 of all patients. The 5-year survival rate of all cases with primary lymphoma of the stomach was 55%.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1984

[Adjuvant therapy in breast cancer (high risk). Randomized study: radiotherapy versus combination radiotherapy and chemotherapy].

108 patients with high risk stage of a mammary carcinoma (four or more positive axillary lymph nodes) were submitted after surgery to a prospectively randomized study: a postirradiation in three series with additional administration of tamoxifen was opposed to a reduced-dose irradiation and subsequent simultaneous combination of polychemotherapy and irradiation. In patients with an age of less than 50 years, the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy caused a significant prolongation of the recurrence-free interval (greater than 57 months versus 12,75 months). The comparison with literature shows that an average interval of 39.1 months without recurrences for the total group of patients treated with combination therapy corresponds to the result of a high-dose adjuvant CMF therapy. With respect to mean life expectancy, there was no significant difference between both groups of randomization.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[On the problem of knee joint articular space in the x-ray film (author's transl)].

Measurements of the width of the intraarticular space were performed in x-ray films of 64 human knee joints (32 patients), taken laterally, and in standing position after 24 hours of rest in bed or after exposure to load for one hour. In more than half of the knee joints, the width of the intraarticular space increased after load. However, the distance between the articular surfaces rarely changed in the same patient in the same sense in the right and left knee joint, respectively medially and laterally. Hence, this method of indirect measurement of the cartilaginous layer is unsuitable, and the question raised in literature regarding the cartilaginous changes under load can be explained as being due to influx of fluid or as an expression of the viso-elastic properties of the articular cartilage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Anastomosis prolapse of the gastric mucosa].

X-rays of 91 patients who underwent gastric surgery between 1973 and 1977 were retrospectively evaluated. We found 16 large mucosal prolapses through the gastroduodenal anastomosis and another six with a so-called anastomosis bulge. Of these patients, 77% presented complaints in relation to delayed gastric emptying. When analyzing the prolapse frequency, patient age at the time of surgery, type of surgery, and suture technique, we found that mucosal prolapse occurred mostly in older patients with an extensive gastric resection after oralis-partialis anastomosis and after employing the two-layered suture technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A novel class of antitumour agents. I. Chemistry and animal experiments.

Newly synthesized tertiary amino steroids, among them 2 beta,16 beta-dipiperidino-5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol dipivalate (DAP), were tested in three animal species as to their antitumour activity against transplantable tumours. The acute toxicity of DAP was similar to that of cyclophosphamide and considerably lower than vinblastine. Rats with Walker ascites, treated intraperitoneally with DAP, survived up to one year without ascites; untreated animals died within 10 days of transplantation. Intragastric and intraperitoneal application of DAP caused side effects suggesting a local toxicity.

Amines↗
PubMed1977

A novel class of antitumour agents. II. In vitro testing.

Suspensions of Walker and HeLa cells, rat fibroblasts and human stimulated lymphocytes were incubated over various periods with the synthetic amino steroid, 2 beta,16 beta-dipiperidino-5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol dipivalate (DAP). The acute cell destroying effect was found to be exponentially time and dose dependent within a certain range. With lower nontoxic doses, decreases in the mitotic and labelling indices were observed, and clotted mitotic figures occurred. The effects were essentially the same for all experimental cell types; chromosome alterations were not seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A novel class of antitumour agents. III. Morphological findings in treated cells.

The findings of intracellular light-reflecting droplets and clotted mitoses after incubation of Walker and HeLa cells, human lymphocytes and rat fibroblasts with the synthetic amino steroid, 2beta, 16beta-dipiperidino-5alpha-androstane-3-alpha,17beta-diol dipivalate (DAP) were examined in detail. An interaction of DAP with the cellular membranes in all stages of cell life, with the exception of the Go-phase, is postulated.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1975

Differences in blood values depending on age in laboratory-bred European hampsters (Cricetus cricetus L.).

No significant differences in blood parameters were found between males and females aged 13-900 days. A comparison of the various age groups showed significant differences in the number of erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes and in the diameter of red blood cells. The number of erythrocytes and leucocytes was lowest, and the erythrocytes had the largest diameteres in young animals. The number of thrombocytes was lowest in older animals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Comparative studies of blood from hibernating and nonhibernating European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus L).

The blood of 6 male and 6 female European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus L) was examined in summer, in winter before hibernation, and 1 da after awaking from hibernation. Blood was drawn from a sublingual vein under ether anesthesia in nonhibernating animals. No influence of hibernation upon the number of erythrocytes and the differentials was found, whereas the number of thrombocytes and leukocytes were reduced to a minimum. From the unchanged numbers of thrombocytes and leukocytes in nonhibernating animals during winter, the influence on the blood of a seasonal cycle independent of hiberation was excluded.

Animals↗