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Biomedical subjects

A Enríquez

Publications and source records attributed to A Enríquez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Nosocomial infection with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 14 human immunodeficiency virus infected patients].

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) frequently occurs with nosocomial infections. Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected subjects spend a long time in hospital, the transmission of MRSA nosocomial infections in this group of patients has not been previously reported previously. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A clinical sample of 14 HIV infected patients from an Infectious Diseases Unit, in whom MRSA had been isolated, were evaluated as part of a 6 months prospective study. The measures employed in assessing infectivity were the prospective surveillance of all those isolated and the search for carriers in associated health-workers. RESULTS: The potential index case was a patient with an isolated MRSA pneumonia. From him, it was transmitted to his cohabitors and to the rest of the Unit. All the patients had AIDS and 13 presented with MRSA-associated symptoms. Five were admitted 30 days previously and 12 had intravenous catheters. The mean time for the appearance of the infection was 16 days. In the antibiotic investigations multiresistance was confirmed and in the 13 symptomatic cases systemic treatment with vancomycin was indicated requiring replacement by teicoplanin in 50% due to adverse reactions. Two years later, the 14 patients had died but only one in relation to MRSA. Of the health-workers, one carrier was detected. The line of decolonization with mupirocin was efficatious. CONCLUSIONS: The MRSA nosocomial infection in HIV infected patients took place in subjects who were immunodepressed and had a prolonged mean time of hospitalization. The treatment with vancomycin and/or teicoplanin was effective in the majority of the cases.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Large-scale production in Pichia pastoris of the recombinant vaccine Gavac against cattle tick.

A gene coding for the Bm86 tick protein was recently cloned, expressed in Pichia pastoris and shown to induce an inmunological response in cattle against ticks. Moreover, the Gavac vaccine (Heber Biotec S.A., Havana, Cuba), which contains this recombinant protein, has proved to control the Boophilus microplus populations under field conditions. This paper reviews the development and large-scale production of this vaccine, the efficacy of the resulting product and the strategy followed in designing its production plant. The production plant fulfills biosafety requirements and GMP.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Characteristics of chronic delta hepatitis in patients wih HIV infection].

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) induces severe liver disease in HBsAg carriers. In regions such as Spain, drug addicts make-up a large part of the HIV-positive population and they are at risk of HDV infection. Natural history of chronic hepatitis D is not well known in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical charts of 37 patients attending our institution from 1989 to 1993, fulfilling the criteria for chronic hepatitis D. We compared all clinical, epidemiological, serological and histological findings between both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. RESULTS: All the following parameters showed significant statistical differences between the both groups: mean ALT levels (175 vs 79 respectively, p < 0.05), previous episodes of hepatic decompensation (37% vs 10%, p < 0.01), the circulating Delta antigen (26% vs 10%, p < 0.05), the presence of HBeAg in serum (41% vs 0%, p < 0.01) and the HCV coinfection (85% vs 20%, p < 0.01). Histological findings were not significantly different comparing both groups, as chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis was the most common diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Chronic hepatitis D may present a more severe course in HIV-infected patients. The higher replication of HDV and the presence of HCV coinfection could explain this worst outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Study of 164 episodes of infectious endocarditis in drug addicts: comparison of HIV positive and negative patients].

OBJECTIVE: Intravenous drug-addicts (IVDA) are the most important risk group for acquiring HIV and developing infective endocarditis (IE) in Spain. The clinical and evolutive features of a large series of IE in HIV-infected IVDA are reported and compared with those observed in a smaller group of patients without HIV infection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of 164 episodes of IE from 136 patients diagnosed in a Service of Infectious Diseases in Madrid (1986-1992). IE was defined according to the modified Von Reyn criteria and only the probable and definite IE episodes were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 143 IE episodes occurred in 117 IVDA infected with HIV (group A) and 21 episodes in 19 HIV-negative patients (group B). Most of seropositive patients were asymptomatic carriers of HIV (54%) and only 22% had AIDS. The IE onset was acute for 97% patients in group A and 81% in group B, with fever and respiratory symptoms as main complaints. Chest X-ray was normal in 19% of cases in group A and in 28% in group B. Septic embolisms were observed in 56% and 41% of patients in group A and B, respectively. The vegetation originated mainly on the tricuspid valve and Staphylococcus aureus was recovered from most blood-cultures. The mortality rate was similar in both groups, 6% and 5% in groups A and B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Most IVDA with IE were HIV-positive patients in this series. IE is usually reported in the early stages of HIV infection and apparently its presence has no influence on the clinical course of IE.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

[Meningitis from Listeria monocytogenes in the adult].

We describe the characteristics of 6 adult patients with meningitis by Listeria monocytogenes. Five of them had previous disease and only one of these was being treated with immunosuppressors. All of them presented meningeal syndrome with cephalorhachidean fluid's pleocytosis and five of them, polymorphonuclear predominance. The empirical treatment was correct only in two cases. The mortality rate reached 50%.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Bacteremia caused by Salmonella non-typhi in patients infected with HIV].

All the cases of HIV infected patients diagnosed in our department during 1987 of Salmonella bacteremia are included in this report. Out of a total of 10 patients with both conditions, six were diagnosed of AIDS, three of AIDS related complex, and one presented an asymptomatic HIV infection. The mean age was 32.9 years (range 22 to 56). Eight of them were males, seven were intravenous drug addicts, and three were homosexual. Fever was observed in all cases and diarrhea in four of them. Salmonella enteritidis was isolated from the blood culture of nine patients and salmonella typhimurium from one. Salmonella enteritidis was isolated from the stool culture of 5 patients and Salmonella typhimurium and Campylobacter from the stool culture of one patient. Of the 10 patients 6 have died, 4 of them within the three weeks after the diagnosis of Salmonella non-typhi bacteremia, 2 have not relapsed and two patients were lost during follow up.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗