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Biomedical subjects

A Erickson

Publications and source records attributed to A Erickson.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cationic lipids direct a viral glycoprotein into the class I major histocompatibility complex antigen-presentation pathway.

Recombinant glycoprotein B (gB) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) was processed and presented by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules after delivery into cells by using N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl sulfate (DOTAP), a commercially available cationic lipid used for DNA transfection. Cells treated with DOTAP-associated gB were susceptible to lysis by class I MHC-restricted, HSV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and the treated cells restimulated memory gB-specific CTL activity in spleen cells from HSV-infected mice. gB-specific CTL responses were detected in mice immunized with recombinant gB and DOTAP but not in those receiving gB emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. Thus, cationic lipids may facilitate induction of CD8+ T-cell responses in vaccinations with recombinant antigens, and they may serve as readily available reagents for dissecting class I MHC immunity to viruses and other intracellular pathogens.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1978

Role of plasma vasopressin in impaired water excretion of glucocorticoid deficiency.

In the present study, the effect of selective glucocorticoid deficiency on renal water excretion was investigated in conscious, trained, adrenalectomized dogs. The animals were studied before and after a water load while on replacement therapy of desoxycorticosterone acetate, 5 mg/day, and dexamethasone, 0.8 mg/day (group I), and while off dexamethasone for 5-9 days (group II). Before the water load the weight, inulin space, cardiac output, blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, plasma osmolality, and plasma antidiuretic hormone measured by radioimmunoassay were similar in both groups I and II. However, after a 40 ml/kg water load a marked impairment in renal water excretion in the glucocorticoid deficient dogs became apparent. Maximal free water clearance was -0.046+/-0.16 vs. 6.51+/-0.72 ml/min (P < 0.001) and minimal urinary osmolality was 425+/-56 vs. 82+/-3.5 mosmol/kg H(2)O (P < 0.001) in group II as compared to group I. Plasma antidiuretic hormone was maximally suppressed during the water load in group I to 0.34+/-0.08 pg/ml but remained elevated at 9.18+/-1.79 pg/ml (P < 0.005) in group II. This nonsuppressibility of plasma antidiuretic hormone during water loading in group II was associated with a significant tachycardia of 145+/-6 vs. 87+/-6 beats/min (P < 0.001) in group I and a significantly lower stroke volume of 27+/-0 vs. 59+/-0.5 ml/beat (P < 0.001). In conclusion, our results implicate a persistent secretion of antidiuretic hormone as an important factor in the impaired water excretion of glucocorticoid deficiency. A deleterious effect of glucocorticoid deficiency on cardiac function was observed and this hemodynamic alteration could be involved in initiating a nonosmolar, baroreceptor-mediated release of vasopressin.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1978

Comparative educational approaches to screening for colorectal cancer.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the public's willingness to perform the do-it-yourself Hemoccult Test for colon-rectum cancer and to assess the relative effectiveness of alternative means of persuading people to do the test. American Cancer Society volunteers in four different part of the country contacted a total of 11,115 members of the American Association of Retired Persons, using five methods that differed in the extent of personal and impersonal contact involved. Other variables such as inclusion of postage and dietary restrictions were studied and cost efficiencies were estimated. The Group Meeting Method was the most effective personal distribution method. The Selective Mail-Out Method was the most effective impersonal method. The return rate was higher when postage was provided. Dietary restrictions did not markedly reduce participation. Including digital examinations did not affect the return rate. The findings suggest that the Hemoccult Test has the potential of reaching a significant proportion of the nation's older population.

Colonic Neoplasms↗