PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A F Astakhov

Publications and source records attributed to A F Astakhov.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Differential diagnosis of adenoma of the parathyroid glands and their nodular and diffuse hyperplasia].

On the basis of the results of histological, histochemical, and electron microscopic studies of pathologically altered parathyroid glands (PTG) in primary and secondary (chronic renal insufficiency) hyperparathyrosis a classification of tumors of this organ is suggested. It takes into account the fact that PTG tumors have a complex histological structure and heterogeneous cellular composition: chief dark, chief clear, transitional oxiphilic, exiphilic, small (round), spindle cells, and C-cells with different structural and functional orientation. Staining with Sudan-III of frozen sections of PTG tissue in primary hyperparathyrosis may be recommended as an additional test for differential diagnosis between adenoma and hyperplasia taking into account that the cytoplasm of chief cells of adenoma contains Sudanophilic bodies, while the cytoplasm of small cells of adenoma and chief (dark and clear) cells of hyperplasid PTG does not. The appearance of C-cells in the thymus, thyroid glands and adenomatous PTG in primary hyperparathyrosis may be considered to be a compensatory-adaptative response to hypercalciemia. Formation of C-cell adenomatosis in a normal PTG combined with PTG adenoma indicates the activity of these glands.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Morphology of the Fahr syndrome (idiopathic calcification of the cerebral vessels)].

Two observations of the Far syndrome manifested by calcification of the brain tissue, oligodendroglia, arterial walls, arterioles, capillaries and veins are described. In the first case, the Far syndrome developed against the background of hypoparathyreosis with longterm disturbance of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, in the second--against the background of endocrine polyadenomatosis (trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland, clear cell adenoma of the adrenals) with hyponatremia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

[Histologic and ultrastructural features of human parathyroid cancer].

Histological and electron microscopic examinations of cancer of the human parathyroid gland showed different histological variants of cancer from dark chief cells to be characterized by polymorphism of the size and shape of the cells, atypical nuclei, a decreased number of organelles, increase of their polymorphism, appearance of centrioles with satellites typical of rapidly proliferating cells. Acidophilic cells of a solid variant of cancer were characterized by polymorphism of the size and shape, and the presence of a large number of mitochondria with osmiophilic or clear matrix and polymorphic cristae. All histological variants of cancer of the parathyroid gland have foci of necrosis, invasion of tumor cells into the gland capsule, and into the blood and lymph vessels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Morphologic changes in the parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism].

On the basis of studies of the histological structure of 7 parathyreoadenomas removed in connection with primary hyperparathyroidism three types of their structure (trabecular, acinose, and solid) were singled out. As to their cellular composition, the adenomas could be divided into clear-cell and dark-cell adenomas (of main cells), oxyphilic adenomas, and adenomas of C-cells. The same cells (predominantly main clear cells) were found in the 9 studied hyperplastic parathyroid glands. Certain differences between the ultrastructure of cells of parathyreoadenomas and that of the hyperplastic parathyroid glands were established.

Adenoma↗