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Biomedical subjects

A F Chernousov

Publications and source records attributed to A F Chernousov.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tracheoesophageal fistulas].

The article analyses experience in the examination and treatment of 41 patients (28 males and 13 females) with tracheoesophageal fistulas. Their ages ranged from 8 to 69 years. The etiological factors, pathogenesis, and clinical symptomatology of tracheoesophageal fistulas are discussed. The modern methods of the diagnosis of this pathological condition are treated of, the main one among them is radioendoscopic examination. The indications for radical, conditionally radical, and palliative operations in tracheoesophageal fistulas are determined, their techniques are described, and the methods for the prevention of complications are outlined. The late-term results of various types of operations were studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Principles of creating esophageal anastomoses].

The techniques of formation of esophageal anastomoses are discussed on the basis of experience with 317 operations. The authors believe the following moments to be most important in the creation of communications with the esophagus: the use of a laser scalpel and monophilic atraumatic suture material, accurate apposition of the identical coats of the anastomosed organs by means of sutures placed at some distance from one another and tied not too tightly, creation of an antireflux mechanism in formation of the anastomosis, adequate drainage of the zone of the anastomosis with compulsory isolation of the wound on the neck from the mediastinum by circular stitching of the graft to the surrounding tissues, provision of adequate blood supply to the esophageal stump, correction of tension exerted on the sutures of the anastomosis by means of adequate intraluminal decompression.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Selection of the method of operation on the stomach in the complex treatment of esophageal and gastric burns].

The results of treatment of 317 patients with concurrent burn of the esophagus and stomach are generalized. Various restorative operations were carried out in 214 of them. The pyloroplasty-type plasty with local tissues was performed in short strictures of the pylorus, cardioesophageal junction, duodenum, and the initial portion of the small intestine. Resection of the stomach after Billroth I was conducted in cicatricial affection of the distal part of the stomach. The Billroth II operation or gastroenterostomy is indicated in subtotal burn and combined cicatricial stenosis of the stomach and duodenum. Enterostomy with subsequent restorative operation is indicated in total burn of the stomach. Preoperative management with consideration for the operative risk, elaboration of a rational therapeutic tactics and improvement of operative techniques with the use of laser and microsurgical techniques facilitated a decrease in the number of complications and in the mortality rate.

Burns↗
PubMed1990

[Use of the sigmoid in esophagoplasty].

The authors worked out the indications for and the technical aspects of subtotal and total esophagoplasty with the left half of the colon together with a segment of the sigmoid colon. The described method allows the formation of an iso- or antiperitaltic graft of any length, in patients who underwent right hemicolectomy also. The operation was conducted on 54 patients with a mortality rate of 1.9%; 9 of them had been subjected earlier to unsuccessful esophagoplasty with the right half of the colon, which terminated in necrosis of the graft.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1990

[Reconstructive surgery of the esophagus in patients with combined chemical burns of the esophagus and stomach].

The article generalizes the experience in the treatment of 317 patients with burns of the esophagus and stomach, 140 of them underwent restorative operations on the esophagus. The indications for the choice of the restorative operations are determined by the character of the burn and the condition of the patient's organism before the accident. Retrosternal plastics of the esophagus with the colon is the operation of choice in this group of patients. The elaboration of rational therapeutic tactics, improvement of preoperative management, and the introduction of effective methods of treatment into practice with the use of microsurgical and laser techniques improved considerably the results of restorative operations on the esophagus in patients with combined burn pathology.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1990

[Total esophagoplasty with pharyngeal anastomosis].

The results of total esophagoplasty in cicatricial stenoses of the esophagus and pharynx are analysed. The technical details of formation of the pharyngeal anastomosis with consideration for the anatomo-physiological peculiarities of the pharynx are explained. The method of pharyngoesophagoplasty in combined cicatricial affections of the esophagus and pharynx is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Endoscopic balloon hydrodilatation and endoprosthetic treatment of esophageal and esophageal anastomotic strictures.

In 37 patients with benign stenosis of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses, the method of dilatation using special balloon catheters under endoscopic control was employed, and adequate dilatation of the stenotic region accomplished. In comparison with balloon dilators, bougies exert forces along the radial axis, and no tension is applied to the esophagus along the longitudinal axis. To obtain prolonged remission and decrease the number of "supporting" dilatations of esophageal benign stenosis and esophageal anastomoses, temporary intubation of the esophagus with a silicone prosthesis was performed in 7 patients. Further clinical application, and a study of the long-term results of endoscopic balloon hydro-dilatation and endoprosthesis for treating esophageal and anastomotic esophageal strictures, will help to elaborate more precise indications for the combined use of these methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Endoscopic balloon hydro-dilatation of cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses].

Endoscopic balloon hydro-dilatation produced good results in 36 patients with cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses and in 6 patients with 3rd-4th stage of cardiospasm. The authors claim that an endoscopic intervention may be used as an effective method of nonoperative treatment of cicatricial strictures of the esophagus and esophageal anastomoses which causes little injury as well as a method of preoperative restoration of normal oral feeding for rapid preparation of patients for surgical operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Combined surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer and reflux esophagitis].

Under study were results of the associated surgical treatment of 349 patients with ulcer disease of the duodenum and reflux-esophagitis. The optimum operation procedure for this pathology at the present time is selective proximal vagotomy with fundoplication, while for stenosing reflux-esophagitis the preoperative bougienage of the esophagus should be used. If the bougienage is impossible, resection of the altered portion of the esophagus is necessary. In most patients such tactics gave good and excellent nearest and remote results.

Adult↗