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Biomedical subjects

A F MacDonald

Publications and source records attributed to A F MacDonald.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Technetium 99m HMPAO scanning in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage: a preliminary study.

Technetium 99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) is an agent which, when injected intravenously, gives images which reflect cerebral blood flow. Seven patients who had suffered subarachnoid haemorrhage were examined by cerebral angiography and by 99Tcm HMPAO scanning. The two studies were compared and in six cases there was evidence of decreased cerebral perfusion in relation to the ruptured aneurysm causing the subarachnoid haemorrhage. In one case no cause for the haemorrhage was demonstrated angiographically, and the HMPAO study was normal. In two of the six cases, spasm of the cerebral artery distal to the ruptured aneurysm was seen angiographically and it appears that 99Tcm HMPAO scanning does not correlate with gross arterial spasm but reflects smaller degrees of cerebral underperfusion not demonstrable by angiography. The results demonstrate a relationship between local decreased cerebral perfusion and ruptured cerebral aneurysm and may be of use in determining which aneurysm has bled in patients who have more than one aneurysm demonstrated angiographically.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Lung water during the puerperium.

An alteration in pulmonary water balance might be expected during pregnancy and the puerperium, as a result of the physiological adaptations to pregnancy. A preliminary investigation of this hypothesis was conducted using a radiological method of lung water measurement in 20 normal primigravidae during the early puerperium. Evidence of interstitial lung water was found in seven of the 20 mothers. There was a significant correlation with plasma volume (p less than 0.05) and fluid turnover (p less than 0.05) in the group with excess lung water. The implications of increased interstitial lung water and its possible causes during pregnancy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A clinical trial of the value of a tomographic section view to identify liver abnormalities by radionuclide imaging, with special reference to metastatic disease.

A prospective trial was carried out to assess the value of a radionuclide transverse section view in addition to conventional radionuclide scans of the liver. Reports for 373 patients were analysed and compared with the final independent clinical diagnosis. Although several individual cases were more accurately diagnosed using the tomographic section view, the trial did not demonstrate a significant increase in accuracy of diagnosis in liver disease. Some possible reasons for this are discussed, mainly the difficulty of identifying and quantifying truly abnormal features of liver radioisotope scans.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Contribution of radioisotope CAT to the detection of recurrent tumour in the brain.

Two cases are described showing the value of Radioisotope Computerized Axial Tomography in the early detection of tumour recurrence in the brain. The possibility of recurrence could not be excluded from the information provided by the conventional views since the suspicious areas found could be due to post-operative uptake. In the first case, reliable identification of tumour recurrence was provided by the transverse section scan through the suspicious area. In the second case, the transverse scan showed the uptake to be due to previous craniotomy.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Cranial scintigraphy: value of adding emission computed tomographic sections to conventional pertechnetate images (512 cases).

A prospective trial was carried out to assess the contribution made by a radionuclide transverse-section view to conventional radionuclide scans of the brain. Each set of scans was reported by two independent teams of observers, but only one team viewed the tomography section. An abnormality rating was used to decide whether a set of scans was positive or normal. The reports for 512 patients were analyzed and compared with the final independent diagnosis. Greater accuracy of diagnosis with the section view was significant at the 0.1% level; the results showed that failure to detect tumors was almost halved while there was a 16% improvement for the detection of infarcts. Abnormality ratings were also used to plot ROC curves and rating curves; these showed that the addition of the tomographic view increased markedly the proportion of true positives without any increase in the proportion of false-positive reports.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of x-ray CT (EMI scan) and isotope brain studies, including radioisotope axial tomography.

A comparison is made of the results of computer-assisted X-ray tomography (EMI scan) and those of radionuclide brain scan supplemented by computer-assisted isotope tomography. The X-ray examination shows a wider range of positive diagnosis, but the radionuclide examination is complementary in the detection of supratentorial gliomas. A similar comparative value of the isotope tomogram is noted in the detection of cerebral infarcts.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

An assessment of computerised isotopic renal section scanning.

The basic non-invasive investigation of renal space occupying lesions by excretion pyelography was coupled with ultrasonic scanning. Forty-one patients who have undergone isotopic section scanning as part of their investigative assessment were studied. The conditions investigated included solitary cysts, polycystic kidneys, renal tumours, tumefactive xanthomatous pyelonephritis, renal infarct and non-functioning kidneys. An analysis of the accuracy of isotopic section scanning in these different pathological states was made. Computerised isotopic section renal scanning offers a new non-invasive renal investigative technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic value of computerised isotopic section renal scanning.

Isotope section renal scanning in the diagnosis of kidney disease has been compared with ultrasonic examination adn specialised radiological techniques. The computerised isotope tomographic section technique developed in Aberdeen has increased the accuracy and differential diagnosis of renal lesions especially cysts and tumours.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

An evaluation of transverse axial emission tomography of the brain in the clinical situation.

The Aberdeen section scanner provides, in addition to conventional views, a display of the distribution of radioactivity in a tomographic section of the brain. This paper examined the value of this additional information. Scans of lesions confirmed pathologically or radiologically, along with normal and doubtful cases, were examined after a careful randomization procedure. During the course of the study each set of conventional views was examined twice, once without and once with a tomographic section view. In two out of 29 cases (7%) the lesion was diagnosed only with the aid of the tomographic section scan. Improved accuracy of diagnosis with the tomographic section view was significant at the 1% level or better.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Combination of isotope venography and lung scanning.

Seventy patients were investigated by isotope venography of the lower leg veigns and pelvis using 99Tcm human serum albumin, mainly as microspheres, in the course of routine lung scanning. In 54 of these patients, 52 pelvic, and 98 conventional ascending X-ray contrast venograms were performed for comparison, ninety three per cent showed good correlation, and 4% poor correlation. There were 2% false positive and 1% false negative isotope examinations. Isotope venography proved to be a painless, safe and reliable method for the detection of deep vein thrombosis. Its correlation with contrast venography is high, especially for the upper thigh and pelvis. It can be performed in 30 minutes, including standard lung scan, and can be repeated in patients to assess response to treatment, saving the patient the discomfort and radiation of comparable radiological examinations.

Humans↗