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Biomedical subjects

A F Moroz

Publications and source records attributed to A F Moroz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Search for antimicrobial agents and their various combinations that are effective in relation to the main microfloral representatives in the burn wound].

Activity of 10 antibiotics, 6 surface active substances, 1 antioxidant and boric acid against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Pr. vulgaris and Staph. aureus most frequently vegetating in burn wounds was studied. It was found that gentamicin had the highest antibacterial effect on the above organisms. Polymyxin M had a pronounced antimicrobial action on P. aeruginosa and E. coli. A significant antibacterial effect with respect to Staph. aureus, E. coli and Pr. vulgaris was observed with the use of the drugs of the nitrofuran line, i.e. salaful, furagin and furacillin. These drugs were not active against P. aeruginosa. A high antimicrobial effect with respect to all of the test-microbed used was recorded with methacyl, a surface active substance. To show the synergistic effect on the microbes most frequently vegetating in burn wounds, the antibacterial action of the drug combinations was studied. The synergistic effect (16 to 100 times) was observed with the use of polymyxin M combination with mafenide, carbenicillin with gentamicin, methacide with fenozan. The microorganisms tested were resistant to boric acid. On the basis of the study the most effective drugs and their combinations were chosen for their addition to the algipores (polymer coatings) used in treatment of burns infected with the above microbes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Comparative study of the antibacterial activity of a number of new antibiotics and their combinations in relation to Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

Tobramycin and sisomycin proved to have the highest antibacterial activity against 156 clinical strains of Ps. aeruginosa and were 4--8 times more effective than monomycin, kanamycin, neomycin and to a lesser extent gentamicin. The combination of mecillinam and sisomycin had a synergistic effect with respect to 26 out of 50 strains of Ps. aeruginosa and the combination of mecillinam and tobramycin had a synergistic effect on 18 strains. An antagonistic effect was observed with the use of the above combinations in 3 cases. The effect of the combinations depended on sensitivity of Ps. aeruginosa cultures to the aminoglycoside antibiotic included into the compositions.

Amdinocillin↗
PubMed1978

[Chemotherapy of experimental lactational mastitis in mice].

More severe mastitis on infection with Proteus was shown on a standardized model of experimental lactation mastitis of mice caused by Staphylococcus, Proteus and their mixture. Significant differences in the morphological pictures of the staphylococcal and Proteus mastitis were noted. A pronounced effect was observed with the use of kanamycin in combination with fuzidin in treatment of experimental mastitis of various etiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Action of various surface-active substances on the genetic transmission of R-plasmids in E. coli].

The effect of 4 groups of surface active-substances (SAS) on conjugation and transduction transfer of plasmid RIdrd from the donor of E. coli J 5-3 to the recipient of E. coli C600 was studied. It was shown that the anionic SAS (8 compounds) had the highest inhibitory effect. They completely inhibited both the conjugation and the transduction transfer of R-plasmids. The amphoteric SAS, i. e. tego-51 and ampholan had the same effect only on the transduction R-transfer. The conjugation R-transfer was inhibited by the above compounds to a significant extent but not completely, i. e. by 70.8 and 361.9 times respectively. The effect of the non-ionogenic preparations, i. e. sintanol DT-7 was even less (the inhibition coefficients of 54.8 and 22.8 on conjuction and transduction respectively). The cationic SAS, i. e. catamine AB and HIPC-200 had no effect on the genetic R-transfer. It was shown that the anionic SAS had a phagocytic effect on phage Plks. It is of interest to note that the anionic SAS, i. e. sintanol NP-3 effectively suppressed the conjugation transfer even in a concentration of 100 gamma/ml which was 1000 times lower than the subbacteriostatic one. The effectiveness of the anionic SAS did not depend on the length of the dydrocarbon chain and was the same in separate homologues and their mixtures. The high inhibitory activity of most of the SAS and especially the anionic ones with respect to both the conjugation and the transduction R-transfer was of interest.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1977

[Conjugation transfer of plasmid resistance to gentamycin and other antibiotics in clinical strains of Ps. aeruginosa].

A possibility of conjugation transfer of the markers of the plasmid resistance to gentamicin and other antibiotics from 10 clinical strains of Ps. aeruginosa, isolated from burn patients to the recipient strain of Ps. aeruginosa PTO 629 Rfr was shown. The marker of gentamicin resistance was transferred to 100 out of 110 of the exconjugants, i.e. 86.2 per cent. The rate of the conjugation transfer in the crosses between the clincal strains of Ps. aeruginosa and the recipient strain PTO 629 Rfr with respect to the gentamicin marker was about 10--7. The plasmid resistance markers in the clincal strains Ps. aeruginosa were transferred in various combinations. Transfer of the markers of resistance to streptomycin, carbenicillin, neomycin and combinations Sm, Nm and Sm, Nm, Cm was not achieved.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Conjugational transfer of R factor RP1 in Ps. aeruginosa and the possibility of inhibiting this process with a series of substances].

It was shown that the conjugation system of Ps. aeruginosa PAO 2604 X PTO 629 rifr used for transfer of the plasmid markers of R-factor RPI was a convenient model for a number of genetic investigations (the rate of transfer of the antibiotic resistance markers was 2.2 X 10(-3) to 8.8 X 10(-5). 80.7 per cent of the exconjugants obtained from this crossing acquired all 3 resistance plasmid markers (carbenicillin tetracycline, neomycin). In 12 per cent of R+-exconjugants transfer of 2 or 1 resistance determinant of R-factor was observed. The use of the above conjugation system revealed the inhibitory effect of bonafton (an antiviral drug), acridine dyes (acrichin, metachrome orange), ethidium bromide and rifampicin. A possibility of intraspecies transfer of resistance plasmid markers was found in crosses Ps. aeruginosa PAO 2604 X X E. coli CSH--2 rifr and Ps. aeruginosa PAO 2604 X E. coli C600 rifr. Transfer of the resistance markers was observed in combinations of carbenicillin, tetracycline, neomycin (Cb, Tc, Nm), tetracycline (Tc) and carbenicillin (Cb).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Identification and serological typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the indirect immunofluorescence method].

The authors used the method of indirect immunofluorescence for detection and serological typing of Ps. aeruginosa in pathological material. This method was found to be useful for detection of Ps. aeruginosa in association with other microorganisms. The indirect immunofluorescence method can be used for determination of the serological group of the clinical Ps. aeruginosa strains.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1975

[Possible mechanisms of the rifampicin suppression of the conjugation transfer of R-factors in Escherichia coli].

The studies on the effect of a number of antibiotics on transfer of R-factors with the use of a kinetic conjugation system showed that rifampicin inhibited the transfer of various R-factors independent of the microbial host strain and R-factor type (the inhibition coefficient of I infinity equals 7.5-16.8). The early conjugation stages preceding the transfer of R-factor DNA were most sensitive to the antibiotic effect. Decreased number of R+ conjugants observed on the donor strain growth in the presence of rifampicin were due rather to selection of spontaneous R- variants with the antibiotic found in our experiments than to its direct effect on the donor competence of R+ cells. It was also found that exposure of E. coli strains to rifampicin for 30 minutes increased their sensitivity to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, this being more pronounced in the cells which not long ago acquired the R-factor. The mechanism of the phenomenon is not clear yet. It was shown to be not associated with the cell permeability impairement under the effect of rifampicin. It was noted that rifampicin combination with neomycin chloramphenicol, tetracycline or streptomycin had a synergistic effect on the strains of E. coli.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1975

[Suppresion of the R-factor transduction transmission of antibiotic resistance markers in E. coli by distamycin A].

Some mechanisms of inhibition by distamycin A of transduction of antibiotic resistance markers of R-factors (RI drd and R222) with the moderate phage PI kc in E. coli were studied. The kinetics of the transduction of the R-factor markers was investigated in comparison with the stages of interaction of PI kc phage particles with bacterial cells of E. coli K-12 carrying the R-factors such as RI and R222 -- phage PI kc -- E. coli C6000. Later the effect of distamycin A on transduction of the above R-factors was studied using the same system. It was shown that distamycin A in concentrations of 75 gamma/ml suppressed the transduction of the R-markers when added to the transduction mixture simultaneously with the phage. The transduction rate decreased 15 times if the drug was added 5 minutes after beginning of the phage contact with the recipient culture. Addition of distamycin A at the 20th minute of the experiment induced no inhibition of the transduction of the R-factor markers. Preliminary 18-hour exposure to distamycin A of the recipient culture and phagolysates possessing transduction capacity resulted in decreased rates of the transduction of the antibiotic resistance markers 35 to 40 times. No inhibitory effect of distamycin A on the process of phenotypic manifestation of the antibiotic resistance markers of the R-factors was noted. The experiments showed that distamycin A affected the early stages of interaction of the transducing particles with the recipient culture, possibly the process of penetration of the transducing DNA of the R-factors into the cells of the recipient culture.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗