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Biomedical subjects

A F Roche

Publications and source records attributed to A F Roche.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Head circumference reference data: birth to 18 years.

Highly reliable data from a sample of 888 white US children, measured serially in a single study, have been used to provide reference data for head circumference from birth to 18 years of age. The present data differ little from those already available for the age range from birth to 36 months of age, but they are considerably higher (about 0.5 cm) at older ages for boys and tend to be slightly higher for girls. These new reference data are smoother across age than those used currently for screening and evaluation. Percentiles for 6-month increments from birth to 6 years have been provided.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in elderly men and women.

Ultrasonic and skinfold caliper measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue were taken in a sample of elderly men and women, 65 to 99 years of age with an A-mode Ithaco Body Composition Meter and a Holtain skinfold caliper. For most of the measurements, standard deviations for the ultrasonic measurements were three or more times larger than corresponding caliper measurements. Also, mean absolute interobserver errors for the ultrasonic measurements were considerably larger than those for skinfold calipers. At best, the interobserver reliability for the ultrasound machine was 68% while the poorest reliability for the skinfold caliper was 88%. In the form tested, the Ithaco Body Composition Meter is not as accurate for measuring subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in the elderly as a Holtain skinfold caliper.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

Incremental growth tables: supplementary to previously published charts.

Serial data from 818 normal white American children from the Fels Longitudinal Study have been used to construct tables of 6-mo increments for weight (0 to 18 yr), stature (3.0 to 18 yr), head circumference, and recumbent length (0 to 3 yr). The tables supplement previously published incremental growth charts. The attained growth status of these children has been shown to be very close to that displayed in the National Center for Health Statistics tables at all ages, and secular trends in the data have been shown to be minimal. Consequently, the present tables should be widely applicable for some time in the future. Guidelines for the use of the tables and interpretation of findings are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Some anthropometric indices of body composition for elderly adults.

Weight divided by stature squared (W/S2) was computed from weight and stature, and midarm muscle area (MAMA) was computed from recumbent measures of midarm circumference and triceps skinfolds in a sample of 119 elderly white men and 150 elderly white women. Sex-specific means, standard deviations, and percentiles for W/S2 and MAMA are presented at 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 years of age. Women had significantly larger mean values for W/S2 at 90 years, but the men had significantly larger W/S2 values at 65 years and for MAMA values at all ages. The formula for MAMA was used because there is no systematic difference between values for corresponding standing and recumbent measurements. Weight divided by stature squared and MAMA are indirect indices of the degree of obesity and leanness, both of which are important health problems in elderly adults.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Pubertal spurts in cranial base and mandible. Comparisons within individuals.

Serial data from cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for 34 boys and 33 girls who had cephalometric radiographs annually near each birthday from at least age 7 through 18 years. Spurts were defined for this study as increases between successive cranial base increments that exceeded 0.75mm/year in boys or 0.5mm/year in girls. The corresponding criterion for the mandible was 1.0mm/year in either sex. Pubescence was defined as the 4- year period spanning 2 years before and after peak height velocity. Spurts during pubescence were common, tending to occur about 1.6yr earlier in girls than boys. The mean increments at first pubertal spurt (FPS) and the mean sizes of FPS were about 25% to 33% greater in the boys than in the girls. The rate of growth during the year before FPS tended to be greater in the girls, while in the year after FPS it tended to be greater in the boys. The timing of FPS in either cranial base of mandible was not closely related to the onset of ossification in the ulnar sesamoid, the age at peak height velocity, or age at menarche. FPS generally occurred after the onset of ossification of the ulnar sesamoid, but before peak height velocity and menarche. There was no evidence of difference between craniofacial EPS in children who passed rapidly or slowly through pubescence, nor was any difference noted between the size of pubertal spurts in tall or short boys. larger total increments after peak height velocity were found in the short boys. Significant correlations were identified between the cranial base and the mandible in the timing but not in the magnitude of FPS. The children were approximately equally divided between those in whom cranial base spurts occurred first, those in whom mandibular spurts were first, and those in whom FPS occurred in both areas within the same annual interval.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Estimating stature from knee height for persons 60 to 90 years of age.

Stature is an important variable in several indices of nutritional status that are applicable to elderly persons. However, stature is difficult or impossible to measure in the nonambulatory elderly person, or its value may be spurious if measured in those elderly persons with excessive spinal curvature. Simple equations are presented for estimating the stature of elderly men from a recumbent measure of knee height and for elderly women from a recumbent measure of knee height and age. The 90 per cent error bounds for these equations for an individual are about plus or minus 6.0 cm. Knee height is highly correlated with stature.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of overweight children with trisomy 21.

Mean weights for 5-cm stature intervals for three groups of children with trisomy 21 were compared with those for a group of nonretarded children. Children with trisomy 21 had statistically significant larger mean weights beginning at statures of 105 to 110 cm for boys and at 95 to 100 cm for girls and at most larger statures analyzed. These statures were typical of 4- to 6-year-old children with trisomy 21. Children with trisomy 21 living in institutions tended to have larger mean weights for each stature interval than did those reared at home. Differences between the trisomy 21 and nonretarded groups were greater for girls than for boys.

Adolescent↗