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Biomedical subjects

A Fabiani

Publications and source records attributed to A Fabiani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of free amino acids in fruit juices using derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl-chloroformate.

A simple, rapid, and reliable reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of 16 amino acids of main interest in commercial fruit juices (pear, orange, grapefruit, pineapple, peach, and apricot) is described. No sample cleanup is required. The pH of the fruit juices is adjusted to alkaline value (8.5) using 200 mM borate buffer, then amino acid is converted to stable derivatives using 9-fluorenylmethyl-chloroformate. The excess of derivatization reagent is removed by a hydrophobic amine, 1-amino-adamantane hydrochloride. The derivatization procedure is simple, fast, and described in detail. Amino acids are detected at 263 nm and eluted within 35 min. The calibration, precision (< or = 6.1%), and recovery (102% +/- 4%) of the method are reported. The conditions of separation are optimized; however, serine partially overlapped with aspartic acid. The amino acid profile of fruit juices is consistent with data from the literature.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2001

Removal of ochratoxin A in red wines by means of adsorption treatments with commercial fining agents.

The presence in wine of the fungal metabolite, ochratoxin A (OTA), represents a serious risk for consumer health. A variety of fining agents, including activated carbon, silica gel, potassium caseinate, egg albumin, and gelatin, was evaluated in relation to their abilities to remove OTA in fortified wines. Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to model the adsorption behavior between ochratoxin A and the fining agent. Potassium caseinate and activated carbon were found to be the best fining agents that could be used to remove OTA in wine. Potassium caseinate removed up to 82% of OTA when used at 150 g/hL, whereas activated carbon showed the highest specific adsorption capacity due to a high surface area per mass and low adsorption of total polyphenols.

Absorption↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of different immunoaffinity clean-up procedures for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of ochratoxin A in wines.

Three immunoaffinity clean-up procedures to analyse ochratoxin A (OTA) in wines were compared. The direct wine clean-up with Ochraprep and OchraTest columns gave equivalent results in terms of recovery and precision if compared with the reference procedure involving a preliminary extraction of OTA with chloroform. OTA quantification limit in wine ranged from 0.020 to 0.045 microg/l. The 'on-flow' OTA emission spectrum (excitation 333 nm) showed a maximum at 460 nm and could be used to confirm the quantitative results. The analysis of 11 red and white wines gave no significant quantitative differences between the three clean-up techniques.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1999

[Importance of dual isotope myocardial tomoscintigraphy in the detection of coronary disease in the graft among 96 heart transplant recipients].

With a survival rate of 70% at 3 years, cardiac transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage heart disease. However, progressive development of graft atherosclerosis is frequent. Diagnosis of transplant coronary disease remains difficult and non-invasive tests have proved relatively insensitive. Therefore, coronary angiography performed annually is still the gold-standard test for the detection of heart transplant vasculopathy. We analyzed the records of 96 patients (82 men and 14 women) who were transplanted from 1986 to 1996. Mean age was 53 +/- 2.7 and time elapsed from transplantation was mean 5.3 +/- 10 years. All patients had rest myocardial TI 201 perfusion SPECT, followed by MIBI gated SPECT after exercise. MIBI gated SPECT allows simultaneous evaluation of perfusion, regional LV function and global ejection fraction. Angiocoronarography, performed in all patients during the six months following radionuclide investigation, showed the presence of coronary heart vasculopathy in nine (9.3%). Seven of these patients had abnormal dual isotope imaging and 2 of them had normal perfusion but altered LV regional function. Sensitivity of dual isotope scintigraphy was 77% and specificity was 97.7%. Dual isotope scintigraphy is helpful to detect coronary vasculopathy in heart transplant recipients and may reduce indications of angiocoronarography.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1996

Pancreatic serous cystadenomas. Report of 8 cases with a mean follow up of 7 years.

Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas are rare tumors and have little or no malignant potential. We report our experience in the management of eight cases of these tumors in the last 22 years. All the patients were women with a mean age of 59 years. All the cysts caused symptoms. Ultrasound and CT-scan were useful in the diagnosis of the pancreatic cystic tumor out not in determining the nature of these lesions clear. FNA-biopsy was performed in 6 cases but in only case was the diagnosis confirmed. All tumors were resected. Four radical pancreatoduodenectomies, two distal pancreatectomies and two cystectomies were performed. Mean followup was 83.5 months. All patients are alive and with no signs of recurrence. Complications include an external pancreatic fistula, an acute cholangitis and a case of delayed gastric emptying. In all cases the histological diagnosis was serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. We conclude that resection of these tumors is mandatory although they are supposed to be benign, in order to avoid complications and because malignant transformations has been related to nonresective treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Central alveolar hypoventilation (Ondine's curse) treated with negative pressure ventilation.

A 22 year old woman with central alveolar hypoventilation (CAH) underwent repeated nocturnal polysomnographic recordings to assess the efficacy of negative pressure ventilation (NPV) administered by pneumowrap. The NPV successfully prevented hypoxia during most of the recording time; however, a sudden severe hypoxic episode not related to an apnoea occurred during a recording night with NPV. This made home use advisable together with an ear oximeter fitted with an alarm.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

External negative pressure ventilation techniques.

External ventilation was introduced at the beginning of the century to treat acute and chronic respiratory failure. Long-term negative pressure ventilation (NPV) has proved useful in patients with respiratory failure, secondary to a restrictive impairment of neuromusculoskeletal origin. Although NPV may be successfully used in acute-on-chronic respiratory failure in patients with chronic airflow obstruction (CAO), its use in the long-term management of this type of patient seems much less promising. The various types of ventilators, iron lung, pneumo-wrap and cuirass are discussed. All these prostheses, except for the pneumo-wrap, are connected to a pump able to generate negative and positive pressure. NPV must be a controlled ventilation, because an effective trigger is not yet available. The most important feature of the ventilator must be the ability to vary the ventilatory pattern to adapt the machine drive to the patient drive. The goal of NPV is not only to normalize gas exchange, but also to restore an effective spontaneous ventilation. This kind of ventilation has no negative effects on haemodynamics, because it does not vary physiological gradients of transthoracic pressure. However, due to lack of coordination between the respirator and the pharyngeal muscles of the patient, obstructive apnoeas may occur during NPV in sleeping patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: clinical course.

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease of smooth muscle proliferation that generally leads to death, due to respiratory failure, within 10 yrs. The disease almost exclusively affects women of child-bearing age and rarely in postmenopausal years. High resolution computed tomographic (CT) patterns are characteristic and almost pathognomonic for LAM. Attempts to treat this disease with hormonal therapy have shown that a number of hormonal manipulations may not be helpful, but that surgical or radiant oophorectomy alone is the most effective treatment, even if the disease is so rare as to preclude randomized trials. Castration, as a means of early therapy, has been associated with a stable respiratory picture in our patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Breathing disorders during sleep in chest wall diseases.

Chest wall deformity due to kyphoscoliosis may present with two altered breathing patterns during sleep; 1) progressive O2 desaturation particularly during REM sleep and 2) central apnoea also during REM sleep but rarely accompanied by O2 desaturation. No typical breathing pattern abnormality is seen in the rigid spine syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Intermittent negative pressure ventilation in patients with restrictive respiratory failure.

Thirty one patients in stable respiratory failure (arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) 67 +/- 20 mmHg (8.9 +/- 2.7 kPa) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) 59 +/- 10 mmHg 7.9 +/- 1.3 kPa)), secondary to non-obstructive ventilatory impairment, were treated by intermittent negative pressure ventilation (INPV), using a pneumowrap or poncho during the night. Daytime arterial blood gas measurements, taken before and after the ventilation, revealed a substantial improvement in PaO2, PaCO2 and maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax). This improvement persisted during the six month follow-up of home nocturnal ventilation. The polysomnographic, recording during mechanical ventilation by poncho, in five patients, showed a general improvement in the quality and structure of sleep. All patients returned to normal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) values (> 90%), except for one. In three patients, the appearance of obstructive events was noted but the desaturation that they caused was, remarkably, lower than that caused by central events in baseline recording. We conclude that non-invasive treatment by INPV, in patients with neuromuscular and chest wall disease, is the method of choice as an alternative to intermittent positive pressure ventilation and to tracheostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Suppression of ventilatory muscle activity in healthy subjects and COPD patients with negative pressure ventilation.

We evaluated the ability of NPV to suppress EMGd and EMGint in seven patients with severe COPD and five normal subjects. Subjects were studied either without (A) or with mouthpiece and nose clip (B). Electromyographic suppression was assessed comparing EMG activity during NPV with the control activity without a mouthpiece and prior to the initiation of the NPV run. In normal subjects, in A, NPV resulted in a partial suppression of EMGd; in B, prior to NPV, EMGd rose compared with A prior to NPV. In patients, in A, NPV resulted in a suppression of both EMGd and EMGint. In B, prior to NPV, both EMGd and EMGint rose compared with A prior to NPV. Thus, it seems that NPV is able to produce a consistent reduction in inspiratory muscle EMG activity. This variable NPV ability would have to be assessed for better selection criteria for patient candidates in a rehabilitation program.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bronchopulmonary involvement in ulcerative colitis.

We report two cases of pulmonary involvement in ulcerative colitis. The first patient, a 37-year-old woman, had bilateral basal bronchiectasis full of mucopurulent secretion, with a marked improvement of pulmonary function and roentgenographic appearance after a conservative approach. The second patient had severe pulmonary fibrosis of autoimmune nature and died owing to a pulmonary infection. In the second patient, a sulfasalazine reaction as an etiologic factor was excluded, while in the first this possibility seemed unlikely. Therefore, we take these two cases as examples of the extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Atypical and polymorphic angioblastic tumors of the central nervous system.

Five central nervous system (CNS) polymorphic angioblastic tumors have been studied. Four were located in the posterior fossa and one involved the temporal lobe. In reviewing the literature, the authors point out the rarity of the supratentorial locations and of malignant hemangioblastomas. The clinical and anatomopathological peculiarities are discussed, as is the uncertain classification of two cases. The discrepancy between histology and outcome is focused upon in the other three cases. Finally, the diagnostic, prognostic, and nosographic difficulties posed by CNS angioblastic neoplasms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Grading of brain tumors by a lysosomal fragility test.

The stability of lysosomes is a function of osmotic pressure, temperature and time. Detailed studies have shown that the release and availability of lysosomal enzymes changes according to the degree of membrane permeability. This paper describes a modification of the controlled temperature and osmotic freezing-sectioning technique for characterization of lysosomal stability in brain tumors. The method is based on the enzyme measurements of released acid phosphatase from sections of unfixed tissue under appropriate physical conditions. The results suggest the possibility of a relation between lysosomal stages of activation, enzyme latency and brain tumor malignancy.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Brain hydatidosis: report of two cases.

Two children affected by cerebral hydatidosis are described. For preoperative diagnostic purposes computerised axial tomography appears currently to be the most suitable procedure. Complete surgical removal of the cyst, with methods preserving its integrity, seems to be the main factor for definitive recovery as the different outcomes in the two cases show.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1980

On the primary meningeal tumors with special concern to the hemangiopericytoma pathology and biology.

5 hemangiopericytomas have been studied together with 678 tumors of the CNS including 579 meningiomas, 13 fibrosarcomas, 4 malignant meningiomas, 3 unclassified malignant tumors and 79 angioblastic meningiomas. The main clinical and histological features of this series are discussed in order to identify the more useful criteria for biological and microscopical characterization of the hemangiopericytoma. Beside a pure type of growth, the presence of histological intermediate variants and mixed cell proliferations have been observed. The possibility of transitional features and mixed tumors is then outlined.

Adult↗