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Biomedical subjects

A Fain

Publications and source records attributed to A Fain.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

New quill mites of the family Syringophilidae (Acari: Cheyletoidea).

Five new species and two new genera belonging to the family Syringophilidae (Acari: Cheyletoidea) are described from birds that died in the Antwerp Zoo during their quarantine: Charadriaulobia vanelli n. g., n. sp. from Vanellus chilensis (Charadriiformes: Charadriidae) in Brazil; Fritschisyringophilus lonchurae n. g., n. sp. from Lonchura punctulata (Passeriformes: Estrildidae) in India; Mironovia coturnae n. sp. from Coturnix coturnix (Galliformes: Phasianidae) in Europe; Syringophiloidus daberti n. sp. from Passerina ciris (Passeriformes: Emberizidae) in Mexico; and S. serini n. sp. from Serinus mozambicus (Passeriformes: Fringillidae) in Central Africa. Charadriaulobia n. g. differs from the closely related Aulobia Kethley, 1970, in both sexes, by the divergent epimeres I; in females, by the absence of protuberances on the hypostomal apex and by the situation of the bases of setae l4 distinctly anterior the bases of setae d4. Fritschisyringophilus n. g. differs from the closely related Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1972, in both sexes, by the presence of setae vs ' on legs II, the absence of setae dT on legs III and IV; in females, by the presence of median hypostomal protuberances and by short setae l1, l2 and l3. The relationships between the Syringophilidae and their hosts are briefly discussed. A list of all known syringophilid genera and their distribution on bird families is provided.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Straelensiosis in dogs: a newly described nodular dermatitis induced by Straelensia cynotis.

A distinctive nodular dermatitis induced by Straelensia cynotis, a newly described trombidioid larval mite which resides in hair follicles, was identified in 12 dogs living in France. They all had scattered, small (1 to 3 mm in diameter), pale, firm skin nodules, variable in distribution but always affecting the dorsal regions of the head and trunk; they were distributed over the whole body of seven of the dogs. The animals were otherwise healthy except for three severely infested fox terriers which had a decreased appetite, were lethargic, and whose skin nodules were painful to the touch. The nodules did not induce pruritus. The lesions usually began as erythematous papules which developed into firm pale nodules. The dermatitis resolved within two to 12 months. Topical acaricides were ineffective but the skin nodules regressed after treatments with systemic avermectins. Histologically, each nodule was composed of a dilated follicular ostium containing a well-preserved larval mite, and showed a pseudoepitheliomatous follicular hyperplasia and an abundant perifollicular mucinosis. The larvae were identified as belonging to the genus Straelensia (Acari: Leeuwenhoekiidae). It was clearly established that the three fox terriers had become infested within a fox's den. The nymphs and adults of this species of mite are believed to live in foxes' dens; foxes are considered to be the natural host for the larval stage, and dogs a permissive but occasional host.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Adaptation, specificity and host-parasite coevolution in mites (Acari).

Parasitism by mites is widespread and involves all the classes of vertebrates, from fishes to mammals. Owing to their small size and their great plasticity, mites are able to adapt to a wide range of habitats. Most of the species are ectoparasites but endoparasitism, especially in the respiratory tract, is common in birds and mammals. The morphological modifications appearing during the process adaptation to parasitic life, especially in Myobiidae, are analysed. Two kinds of characters are particularly important: the constructive specialized characters, consisting of the production of new structures, especially attachment organs allowing the mite to attach to the skin and the hair of the host, and regressive characters. Regression of the external structures is the most important phenomenon appearing in the process of evolution of parasitic mites. The importance of the regression in the parasite is correlated with the degree of evolution of the host. Host and parasite have a parallel evolution, but they go in opposite directions. The author surmises that the regressive evolution is related to the immunological reactions of the host that tend to reject the parasite. To escape from this rejection the parasite tends to select the less antigenic and therefore the most regressed phenotype. Specificity is generally strict in permanent parasites. Coevolution of host and parasite is studied in the family Myobiidae which parasitizes marsupials, insectivores, bats and rodents. The concordance between the radiations of the mites and that of their hosts is very high.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMed1992

The house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is the most important allergen on the island of Mauritius.

To determine the relative importance of mites as a cause of allergic sensitivity and asthma on the western Indian Ocean island of Mauritius, we measured specific IgE antibodies to common inhalant allergens in sera from Mauritians claiming to have allergic symptoms and we examined house dust samples for evidence of mites and their allergens. Seventy-two of the 110 sera tested (65%) contained detectable IgE antibody to at least one mite, mould or pollen allergenic extract. By far the most prevalent was antibody to one or both of the common house dust mites, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae, being present in 67 (61%) of the 110 sera. Allergy to pollens, including the locally prevalent Bermuda grass and sugar cane, was infrequent. Antibody to a limited number of moulds was detected in 22% of the sera tested. Of 81 subjects whose clinical history was known, 60 were asthmatic, and 75% of these asthmatic individuals had IgE antibody to mites. In contrast, only 35% of the subjects with rhinitis without asthma were sensitive to mites. Different mite species, including D. pteronyssinus but not D. farinae, were identified microscopically in samples of local house dust. Mite antigen Der p I but not antigen Der f I was detected with specific monoclonal antibodies in extracts of these dust samples. On the bases of this serological and environmental survey, we conclude that our data support the hypothesis that the house dust mite D. pteronyssinus is the principal cause of allergic sensitivity and asthma in that tropical environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Differentiation of mite species by using cellulose acetate and equilibrium polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of isoenzymes.

The isoenzymes of various species of medically and economically important mites were studied using cellulose acetate and equilibrium polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Interspecific differences in isoenzymes were found, which were species-specific. Intraspecific differences in isoenzymes were also found when individual mites were examined. The efficiency of each technique, and their use in various fields of acarology, are discussed. In addition, possible phylogenetic relationships as revealed by these techniques are suggested.

Animals↗