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Biomedical subjects

A Ferruzzi

Publications and source records attributed to A Ferruzzi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Osteoblasts and stromal cells isolated from femora in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients express IL-11, leukaemia inhibitory factor and oncostatin M.

We investigated both in vitro and ex vivo the role of mature osteoblasts (OB) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) in RA and OA by analysing the expression of the following IL-6-type cytokines: IL-11, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM) and IL-6. OB and BMSC were isolated from femora of RA, OA and post-traumatic (PT) patients, cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of IL-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and assessed for the production and mRNA expression of IL-6-type cytokines. Trabecular bone biopsies were obtained from the inner portions of femoral heads and used for cytokine in situ immunostaining. Cultured OB and BMSC from different patients constitutively secreted IL-11 and IL-6 but not OSM. LIF was secreted only by BMSC, at very low levels. Interestingly, IL-11 basal production was significantly higher in BMSC than in OB in all three groups tested. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha strongly stimulated IL-6-type cytokine release (except for OSM) by both OB and BMSC. OSM was expressed only at mRNA levels in all groups studied. Cytokine immunostaining on bone biopsies confirmed the data obtained on cultured cells: IL-11, IL-6 and LIF proteins were detected both in mesenchymal (BMSC and OB) and mononuclear cells; OSM was found only in mononuclear cells. These data demonstrate that IL-6-type cytokines are constitutively expressed in the bone compartment in RA, OA and PT patients and can be secreted by bone cells at different stages of differentiation (BMSC and OB). This suggests that these cytokines may be involved in the mechanisms of bone remodelling in OA and RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1999

Chemokine expression by subchondral bone marrow stromal cells isolated from osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

We analysed the spontaneous and cytokine-stimulated production and expression in vitro of IL-8, GROalpha, MCP-1, RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, by subchondral bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) isolated from RA, OA, post-traumatic (PT) patients and normal donors (ND). BMSC were cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of IL-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and assessed for chemokine production, expression and immunolocalization. BMSC from different sources constitutively released MCP-1, GROalpha and IL-8, but not MIP-1alpha or MIP-1beta, while BMSC from ND constitutively released only IL-8 and MCP-1. IL-8, GROalpha and RANTES production in basal conditions was significantly higher in RA patients than in ND. RANTES production was also higher in OA and RA than in PT patients. The combination of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta synergistically increased the production of all chemokines tested except for RANTES. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated that all chemokines not detectable in the supernatants were expressed at the mRNA level. Chemokine immunostaining was localized around the nuclei. This work demonstrates that BMSC from subchondral bone produce chemokines and indicates that these cells could actively participate in the mechanisms directly or indirectly causing cartilage destruction and bone remodelling.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine production and expression by human osteoblasts isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether subchondral osteoblasts (OB) are involved in the production of cytokines and chemokines in rheumatic diseases. METHODS: OB were isolated from subchondral bone of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and post-traumatic (PT) patients, cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and assessed for the production, immunolocalization, and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha) and alpha and beta chemokines [IL-8, growth related gene product (GRO-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory proteins MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta]. RESULTS: Cultured OB from different patients did not release IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, or TNF-alpha, and constitutively secreted IL-8, GRO-alpha, and MCP-1, while RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta were undetectable or near the lower level of sensitivity of the immunoenzymatic assay. GRO-alpha was significantly higher in RA than in OA and PT patients. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha alone or in combination strongly stimulated chemokine release by OB. Only RANTES production was not increased by the combination of the 2 cytokines. IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha were expressed as cytoplasmic proteins and were not secreted by OB even after stimulation. CONCLUSION: OB from subchondral bone release chemokines that could be involved in the mechanisms that directly or indirectly cause bone remodelling and cartilage destruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Of the 200 cases of ABC in the Rizzoli Institute files, 15 had solid features on both gross and histologic examination. Inasmuch as fibrous proliferation with giant cell and bone production along with fibromyxoid areas and small aneurysmal spaces were found in the solid parts of the aneurysmal bone cyst, a grossly solid and radiographically osteolytic bone lesion with these microscopic features was called a solid aneurysmal bone cyst. Some authors call the same lesion extragnathic giant cell reparative granuloma. RESULTS: Sixty percent of the patients were female. The metaphysis was the preferred location in the long bones (8/11). Radiographic appearance was not specific, and sometimes a malignant lesion was very difficult to rule out. In seven patients, the lesion was considered radiographically "aggressive." Intralesional excision (curettage) in 12 patients and marginal resection in 3 patients with diaphyseal location was effective in controlling the lesion. No recurrence was detected after a mean follow-up of 59 months. CONCLUSIONS: High proliferative activity of the benign-appearing proliferative spindle cells, often with fairly abundant mitoses, associated with benign giant cells and immature bone production are the features of this pseudosarcomatous hyperplastic lesion. It is sometimes is mistaken for a malignant tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Complications and surgical indications in 144 cases of nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremities treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

From September 1986 to December 1989, 144 patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities were treated with combined surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The disease-free survival was 79% for good responders (necrosis greater than 90%) and 72% for poor responders (necrosis less than 90%), and the local recurrence rate was low. Improvement in long-term prognosis and the increase of limb-sparing surgery determine a higher rate of immediate and late complications. Most of the complications were observed in limb-salvage procedures; 63% of these procedures presented one or more complications. In nine rotationsplasties, there were four complications, and in 13 amputations no complications were observed. Therefore, 55% of patients were affected by surgical complications. Twenty-eight complications were considered minor (not requiring surgery), whereas 77 complications were major. Functional results, evaluated according to Enneking's new system, were higher than 50% in two thirds of the limb-salvage procedures. Complications in limb-salvage procedures are more influenced by the type of reconstruction than by the surgical procedure used. Probably the most troublesome consequence of surgical complications in osteosarcoma is the deviation or delay in administering postoperative chemotherapy, which jeopardizes survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremities.

Between September 1986 and December 1988, 125 patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities entered the second neoadjuvant study at the authors' institution. Patients received preoperatively two cycles of methotrexate (MTX) intravenously, followed by cisplatinum (CDP) intraarterially, plus adriamycin (ADM) intravenously. After surgery, the patients classified as "good responders" (more than 90% tumor necrosis) received ADM, MTX, and CDP, while the "poor responders" (less than 90% tumor necrosis) had a longer chemotherapy that included ifosfamide and etoposide (VP-16) in addition to MTX, ADM, and CDP. Limb salvage was possible in 85% of patients, 8% had an amputation, and 7% had a rotationplasty. The surgical margins were adequate (radical or wide) in 88% of cases and inadequate (marginal or intralesional) in 12%. At an average follow-up period of 28 months (range, 13 to 41), 109 patients (87%) remained continuously disease free, 15 (12%) relapsed with pulmonary metastases, and one patient (0.8%) had a local recurrence. Compared with the first neoadjuvant study at the authors' institution that used only MTX and CDP preoperatively, the percentage of limb salvages, "good responders," and continuously disease-free survival at two years was significantly higher in the second Rizzoli neoadjuvant study (85%, 74%, and 87% versus 77%, 52%, and 59%). Systemic toxicity because of chemotherapy was superimposable. A retrospective analysis of the real dose intensity for each patient demonstrated a correlation between the intensity of chemotherapy and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The management of malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents.

A series of 205 pediatric patients affected by osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone were treated from 1978 to 1988. Ninety-eight percent of the patients received chemotherapy and 63% had a surgical resection. Sixty-five percent of all patients were alive at 30 months and were considered disease free. The functional results after surgery were evaluated according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score. In all diaphyseal resections and resections of the upper extremity and pelvis, the results were excellent or good in 60% of the cases. In resections of the proximal femur, distal femur, or proximal tibia and reconstruction with nonexpansible prostheses, the results were excellent or good in 75%. On the other hand, when arthrodeses of the lower extremity were used, only 14% of cases had a good result. This correlates with the resulting lack of articulation and serious limb shortening seen with progression of skeletal growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Influence of chemotherapy on perioperative complications in limb salvage surgery for bone tumors.

From 1970 to 1986, 304 patients underwent limb salvage resections for 271 malignant and 33 benign tumors of the extremities. Reconstruction was with a prosthesis or nonbiologic spacer. Nonmechanical complications were analyzed to determine the influence of the site and method of reconstruction and the use of chemotherapy on their incidence and severity. There were 82 shoulder resections, 53 proximal femur resections, and 169 knee resections. No chemotherapy was used in 115 patients; neoadjuvant therapy was used in 128 patients and adjuvant therapy was used in 61. There were 120 complications. The most common complication was infection (36 of 304 patients; 11.8%), which led to amputation in eight patients. Resections about the knee led to more complications than the other sites, particularly if reconstructed with a large cement spacer. Patients who did not receive any chemotherapy had a 25.2% (29 of 115) incidence of complications and those who received adjuvant treatment had a 32.8% (20 of 61) incidence. This compares with a 55.4% (71 of 128) incidence in the neoadjuvant group. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, reconstruction with an uncemented prosthesis led to the fewest complications.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure for bone tumors of the proximal humerus: the classical "extensive" technique versus a modified "transglenoid" resection.

The authors report on two groups of patients (each with 12) with primary bone tumors of the humerus who underwent either a classical Tikhoff-Linberg (T-L) procedure or a modified technique by which the body of the scapula was saved. The latter procedure was an "en bloc" resection of the glenohumeral joint after an extra-capsular osteotomy of the neck of the scapula, followed by reconstruction with a modular prosthesis. Indications, perioperative differences, and complications of both procedures are discussed. Besides producing better aesthetic and functional results, the modified technique offered the advantages of shorter anesthesia time, less blood loss, and a better anchorage of the prosthesis. The results of this study show that the proposed modification of the T-L procedure is indicated in patients with bone tumors of the proximal humerus in which invasion of the joint capsule is present without macroscopic involvement of the glenoid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Resection of the proximal humerus and I.O.R. modular prosthesis in the treatment of metastatic lesions.

The authors report a series of 20 patients affected with metastatic lesions of the proximal humerus (19 cases) or scapula (one case) treated by intra-or extra-articular resection of the humerus and successive reconstruction with an I.O.R. type shoulder modular prosthesis. This method is indicated for the treatment of patients with extensive destruction of the epiphysis and cortical bone and limited invasion of the surrounding soft tissues. Prosthetic implant does not contraindicate the use of postoperative radiotherapy, and the cement used to anchor the endomedullary shaft contributes to the sterilization of any metastatic microfoces present by means of an intense esothermic polymerization reaction. The results obtained were satisfactory, with regression of pain and good functional recovery of the limb. There were no postoperative complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

New methods in arthroscopy: preliminary investigations.

The microhysteroscope, which affords direct in vivo observation of otherwise inaccessible surfaces, can be used to great advantage in arthroscopy. Although conventional arthroscopy can distinguish between 'inflammatory' and 'reactive' (post-traumatic) synovial changes, the microendoscope offers the possibility of more precise differentiation. Synovial membranes, joint cartilage, and menisci were studied at four different magnifications, including microscopic observation of vitally stained cells. Frankly pathological synovia (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) were compared and distinguished from examples of less florid synovial changes. The fibrocartilaginous structure of the menisci and secondary undulations and tertiary depression of joint cartilage become visible in vivo with the microendoscope; these may well point to early damage to these structures. The authors believe that the three dimensional images at the magnifications provided by this microendoscope go some way towards bridging the gap between the conventional arthroscope, the light microscope, and the scanning electron microscope. This report presents preliminary findings with this new technique.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1979

[Surface immunoglobulins (SmIg) in human B-lymphocytes: effect of enzymatic digestion].

In order to determine the number of circulating B lymphocytes which can synthetize their surface membrane immunoglobulins, we have evaluated by immunofluorescence their presence before and after enzymatic exposure to pronase. After pronase treatment the majority of lymphocytes carrying SmIg has been disappeared (from 7.8% to 1.9%; p < .0.0005). After 18 hours incubaton only a small proportion (4.6%) of B lymphocytes risynthetized their SmIg. This observation support the hypothesis that a subset of lymphocytes present in the peripheral blood carries on its membrane only cytophilic SmIg and therefore may interfere in the determination of the number of B lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hip arthroplasty in coxarthrosis secondary to Paget's disease.

A total of 5 hip arthroplasties implanted between 1997 and 2000 in 5 patients affected with coxarthrosis secondary to Paget's disease were reviewed. The quality of the pagetic bone (sclerotic and very vascularized) resulted in a slightly longer amount of time required for surgery because of the difficulty preparing prosthetic placement and intra- and postoperative blood loss exceeding the norm. Complications were not observed. Clinical results were good in 100% of cases. Radiographically, 2 stems were assembled in varus.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hip prosthesis revisions with LS stem: indications and results.

The authors present a study that includes 350 patients affected with loosening of hip arthroplasty and submitted to revision with a Wagner LS stem at the 4th Division of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute. Several different types of cotyle (Fitek, Wagner, Standard Cup, cemented cotyle with support ring, Octopus system) were used depending on the anatomopathologic findings, combined with autoplastic grafts. Staging and grading of loosening were based on the four G.I.R. grades. A clinical evaluation of results was based on the Merle D'Aubigné parameters modified by Charnley. For radiographic evaluation the De Lee Charnley areas were studied for cotyle, the Gruen areas for the femoral stem. Overall, good results were obtained in 175 patients, fair in 137, poor in 38.

Adult↗