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Biomedical subjects

A Fischman

Publications and source records attributed to A Fischman.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Susceptibility contrast imaging of cerebral blood volume: human experience.

Magnetic resonance (MR) can offer a unique window on the structure/function relationships in the brain, by utilizing the established link between tissue function, metabolism, and hemodynamics. This report focuses on recent applications of MR-based cerebral blood volume (CBV) imaging in humans. Our methodology uses high-speed "single-shot" or echo planar imaging techniques, which provide the necessary temporal resolution for mapping the rapid cerebral transit of contrast agents. These MR CBV mapping techniques have been used to study normal human brain task activation and in the clinical study of patients with brain tumors. In the latter, positron emission tomography imaging was used for functional metabolic and CBV correlation. Susceptibility contrast CBV imaging should allow us to improve our understanding of the relationship between the detailed physiology and morphology of the microvascular bed and functional attributes of the brain. These techniques can be applied to understanding fundamental questions of cognitive neuroscience and can aid in improving diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in various neuropathologies.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

Salt and blood pressure in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

A 1978 survey of 4,565 people in Rio Grande do Sul obtained interview and blood pressure data as well as casual urine specimens for subsequent sodium and creatinine titrations. Data derived from this survey have demonstrated a variety of complex relationships between blood pressure and sodium, a number of which are examined here. The main conclusion is that observed blood pressure differentials could reflect the kidney's ability to handle sodium, an ability subject to the influences of age, heredity, and the environment. As a consequence, it is suggested that the adoption of salt restriction by populations could bring them large health benefits.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia, paranoid delusions, homicide, and attempted murder.

This report describes a case of primary hyperparathyroidism in a 68-year-old man. The endocrine disorder, while suspected before the commission of homicide and attempted murder, was proven biochemically and histologically a number of months after the commission of the crimes. The acts of homicide and attempted murder followed the development of paranoid delusions, which rapidly resolved upon successful removal of a single cystic parathyroid gland adenoma. The unusual events that immediately followed the acts of violence indicate that the delusions occurred in a clear sensorium (absence of delirium). Psychological measures taken before and after surgery document improvement in subtle organic functioning while intelligence was unchanged. This report discusses the neuropsychiatric manifestations of hypercalcemia and reviews the literature.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1968

A new whole-scolex complement-fixation test for hydatid disease.

The sensitivity of indirect agglutination tests for the diagnosis of human hydatid disease, although high, is not sufficient. Furthermore, the general use of hydatid fluid as antigen is responsible for some false positive reactions. Scolex extracts have been shown to increase specificity, but less attention has been paid to whole-scolex antigens. The author describes a new whole-scolex complement-fixation test that, like other scolex tests, is more specific than tests using fluid antigen. Its sensitivity is at least equal to that of the hydatid fluid latex-agglutination test, and is higher than that of the fluorescent-antibody, the scolex extract latex, and the hydatid fluid complement-fixation tests.The new test is also of interest since particulate antigens are uncommon, compared with soluble antigens, in complement-fixation techniques.

Antigens↗