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Biomedical subjects

A Foco

Publications and source records attributed to A Foco.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Somatostatin in severe peptic ulcer hemorrhage].

Somatostatin was compared with intensive antacid and thrombin in a randomised controlled study on 15 patients with severe haemorrhages of the upper digestive tract deriving from peptic ulcers and identified endoscopically in order to assess the efficacy of the two drugs. The results in both groups were similar but somatostatin appeared more effective than antacids and thrombin in terms of blood transfusions required and the average time it took to stop the bleeding. The insignificance of these results is in contrast with the data from similar studies using other drugs (anti-H2) and reported by others. This shows the need for controlled polycentric studies conducted on large groups of homogeneous patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in the emergency surgical treatment of bleeding esophageal varices].

An examination is made of a series of emergency operations carried out in the period 1974-78 to arrest haemorrhage due to the rupture of oesophageal varices. An account is given of the personal criteria employed in the choice of candidates and the type of surgical management. Stress is laid on the need for greater aggressivity. In addition, support is expressed for the porto-systemic shunts, especially shunts of the porto-cava and meso-cava type. These are superior to other forms on account of their easy and rapid execution.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1979

[Pancreaticogastrostomy in duodenocephalopancreatectomy. Operative technical note].

The technique used to carry out pancreaticogastrostomy after duodenocephalopancreatectomy in 4 cases is described. The technique is better than pancreaticojejunostomy, which is associated with a high incidence of postoperative complications, such as abscesses, fistulae, haemorrhage, and autodigestion at the site of anastomosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in emergency surgery: rupture of the spleen in 2 stages. Apropos of 4 cases].

Six cases of delayed rupture of the spleen in two stages are described. One case of occult rupture is also presented. A picture of acute anaemia was observed in the five two-stage cases, whereas the occult rupture was diagnosed as organised splenic haematoma following computerised scintiscanning, arteriography and tomography. Splenectomy was performed in all cases, under emergency conditions in the first five, and of choice in the sixth. No post-operative complications were noted.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in emergency surgery: segmental portal hypertension].

Three typical cases of segmental portal hypertension due to occlusion of the splenic vein are reported. This syndrome may be asymptomatic for a very long time and then present suddenly in the form of a serious picture of high digestive haemorrhage due to rupture of the varices of the fundus of the stomach as a result of hypertrophized submucous collateral drainage circulation. Useful for diagnosis are oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, which points to stomach varices, and splenoportography or superselective arteriography of the splenic artery with venous phase, which highlight pathognomonic dilatation and tortuosity of the gastroepiploic veins. Surgical exploration typically shows: presence of large epipolic vessels, splenomegaly, absence of changes in the liver and in the portal and mesenteric circulation. Resolutive treatment of choice is splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Esophagogastroplasty in upper esophageal lesions. Apropos of 4 cases].

Oesophagogastroplasty has been performed in 4 patients in the Turin Department of Emergency Surgery. Three of them presented high neoplastic lesion of the oesophagus, while the fourth was suffering from mediastinic compression due to sclerosing mediastinitis. The technique and results are reported in detail. Indications for surgery for both malignant and benign lesions are presented. The real advantages of the operation with respect to stomach to chest transposition and oesophagocolonplasty which have in the personal series created considerable inconvenience, are discussed. The reasons making it necessary to carry out the operation in two stages, with different modalities, are also discussed. Complications are indicated and postoperative treatment discussed. This plays a notable part in the success of the operation, as does correct technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Problems in emergency surgery: ligation of the hepatic artery].

Reference is made to the literature data and a personal series for the proposal of ligation of hepatic artery as a useful means of controlling: 1) massive haemorrhage following certain forms of liver trauma; 2) haemorrhage following lobectomy or atypical subtotal resection; 3) post-traumatic haemobilia. It is a valuable alternative to lobar resection which, in spite of its over 50% mortality, is still the treatment of choice in serious lesions, especially if these are associated with lesions of the suprahepatic veins or cava, or massive crushing of the parenchima. Haemorrhagic shock following liver damage is usually met by reduced portal and increased hepatic artery flow. It is obvious that ligation of the hepatic artery leads to considerable ischaemia and hypoxia. This disadvantage can only be offset by massive replacement transfusions, protracted parenteral feeding (fasting leads to maximum oxygenation of the portal blood), and intravenous glucagone, to improve the overall liver blood flow and the oxygen saturation of the portal blood.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of transhepatic drainage in neoplastic stenosis of the upper biliary tract].

Rodney-Smith's technique (transtumoral transhepatic drainage) was used palliatively in 6 patients with cancer of the upper biliary tracts. Diagnosis from the symptomatology (essentially obstructive icterus) was not easy, though the picture can almost always be clarified by endovenous and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and, more particularly, by preoperative and intrahepatic intraoperative cholangiography and choledochoscopy in connection with laparatomy. Two patients survived for 9 months and 2 yr respectively, whereas the remainder died within 30 days of surgery. Despite this high mortality, primarily due to very poor general condition, this type of palliative operation is still the best form of management.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the rendez-vous technique in endoscopic insertion of biliary prosthesis in malignant obstructive jaundice].

The paper describes the Authors' personal experience of the use of the rendez-vous technique (using a combined endoscopic-transhepatic route) for the endoscopic insertion of biliary prosthesis in cases of malignant obstructive jaundice. Having illustrated the series of cases, the paper proposes the use of this technique in the event of endoscopic failure due to the smaller incidence of complications compared the use of a wholly transhepatic route.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of postoperative biliary fistulas by endoscopic papillosphincterotomy and nasobiliary drain].

Personal experience in the non-surgical treatment of postoperative biliary fistulas observed between July 1987 and October 1990 is reported. Leakage were treated with an endoscopic technique (papillosphincterotomy+nasobiliary drain) in 11 of 12 patients in an average time of 2 weeks. The 12 patient, who presented a lesion of an intrahepatic duct, needed 2 months to heal following combined endoscopic-percutaneous manoeuvres. On the basis, then, of the good results obtained, it is recommended that in these cases, non-surgical treatment should be carried out on principle, choosing endoscopy as the initial access route.

Biliary Fistula↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin receptors in children's erythrocytes. Study on aging cells.

Aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the red cell aging process on insulin receptor binding. In erythrocytes from 8 children with high reticulocyte count and 9 healthy age-matched subjects we studied insulin receptor binding in correlation with pyruvate kinase (PK) activity and creatine levels. Moreover maximum 125I-insulin bound % and PK activity were tested in four red cell fractions of different age. Our data show a significant correlation between 125I-insulin bound and either PK activity or creatine levels. In vitro experiments on red cell fractions of different age (as tested by creatine levels) evidence a lower decay of PK activity than insulin bound (p less than 0.05). Our results indicate that creatine content is the best marker of red cell age for insulin receptor studies.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biliary drainage in neoplastic obstructive icterus].

The authors consider the use of endoscopic or transhepatic bile drainage to regress jaundice and cholestasis before surgical treatment (radical or palliative) or like an alternative to it.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal occlusion caused by endometriosis].

Three cases of intestinal occlusion due to endometriosis, presenting as surgical emergencies, are reported. After a review of the literature on the incidence of endometriosis, the mechanisms underlying the occlusive process and the various anatomopathological pictures are presented. The reasons why no correct preoperative diagnosis was possible and the problems encountered in differential diagnosis, particularly with respect to carcinoma of the colon and the sigma-rectum, are discussed. It is considered that correct preoperative diagnosis is very important to avoid subjecting the non-cancer patient to destructive surgery. The therapy recommended for intestinal occlusion due to suspected endometriosis is presented.

Adult↗