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Biomedical subjects

A Frésard

Publications and source records attributed to A Frésard.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Prospective comparative study of HCV serologic status in and AIDS population].

OBJECTIVE: Study the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology on the course of HIV disease in AIDS patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of survival prognosis in HIV infected patients who had reached the AIDS stage was conducted in the Saint-Etienne, Clermond-Ferrand and Lyons infectious disease centers to compare patients with positive and negative HCV serology. Data were collected using the clinico-epidemiological software DMI II. The effect of HCV ìco-infectionî defined by RIBA II or III confirmed seropositivity, was studied using Kaplan-Meier survival plots. RESULTS: Among the 1,005 HIV-infected subjects included in the study, 219 had AIDS and 43 of them (19.6%) were HCV positive. Survival curves in HIV/HCV positive patients with AIDS were not significantly different from those of HCV-negative AIDS patients (median 17.8 versus 18.6 months respectively, p = 0.93). This result was confirmed by univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis. Only 2 patients were treated with interferon and no deaths were attributed to liver disease. CONCLUSION: HCV positivity in AIDS patients does not appear to influence survival. The longer survival obtained with the new anti-retroviral treatments may have an effect on the HIV-HCV interaction.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus RNA and E2 antibody among subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after parenteral or sexual exposure.

GB virus C (GBV-C) or hepatitis G virus (HGV) is transmitted by the parenteral route but the importance of sexual transmission needs to be ascertained. GBV-C/HGV infections were investigated using RNA and E2-antibody detection methods in 80 subjects infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) divided into 4 groups of 20 individuals each according to their main risk factor for HIV-1 infection: blood product recipients (group 1), intravenous drug users (group 2), homosexuals (group 3), or heterosexual exposure (group 4). The overall prevalence of GBV-C/HGV infection was 66.3%. No significant difference was observed in GBV-C/ HGV prevalence among the four groups: 75, 75, 55, and 60% in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies, used as a control for parenteral exposure, were found in 70% and 90% of the subjects in groups 1 and 2 versus only 15% and 20% of the subjects in groups 3 and 4, respectively (P< .001). Similarly, coinfections with GBV-C/HGV and HCV were significantly associated with the parenteral route (P <.001). These data emphasized the usefulness of combining the detection of RNA and the E2 antibody to determine the actual prevalence of GBV-C/HGV infection. The high prevalence of the GBV-C/HGV markers among the HIV-1-infected subjects, especially those with sexual exposure, provides additional evidence that this route of transmission plays a key role in the epidemiology of GBV-C/HGV. The potential influence of GBV-C/HGV infection on the course of HIV-1 disease needs further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Immunoglobulins E and human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)].

Except for Ig E, serum immunoglobulin abnormalities in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been well described. Serum IgE levels have been shown to rise with progressive disease. The authors evaluated IgE in 148 HIV-seropositive individuals with or without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Mean serum IgE levels were compared between groups based on absolute CD4 lymphocyte counts or clinical status (CDC) and with a seronegative control group. Higher serum IgE levels were observed in seropositive-patients. A rise in IgE serum is common in patients with HIV infection; it could be link with an earlier dysregulation in the IgE synthesis. No correlation was found between IgE level and CD4 counts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Evidence for T-cell involvement during the acute phase of echovirus meningitis.

Little is known about the cellular immune response during the acute phase of enterovirus infection. This was studied in patients with echovirus meningitis by analysing changes in the lymphocyte subset distribution both in blood and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and their stage of activation. A significant increase of whole T-cell and CD4+ T-cell counts was observed in CSF in parallel with a slight decrease of T-cell percentage in blood. Activation of the cellular immune response is supported by the observation of elevated neopterin levels in serum and CSF. However, the phenotypic markers of T-cell activation, IL-2 receptor (CD25), and HLA-DR antigens were not detected in blood or in CSF.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute interstitial nephritis with uveitis. A case report].

Dobrin et al described in 1975 the first case report with acute renal failure due to tubulo-interstitial nephritis accompanied by uveitis and an inflammatory syndrome. The young adults are frequently involved and the complete resolution is usually obtained after corticosteroid treatment; this contrasts with the tendency towards relapse of the uveitis. The etiology and the pathogenesis of this syndrome remain unknown. We report the case of a woman which the renal function was incompletely reversible with corticosteroids.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteoarticular Mycobacterium xenopi infection].

BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium xenopi is a potential pathogen for man and can cause bone and joint infections, particularly spondylodiscitis. Most cases of infection occur in fragilized patients and are found more and more often in AIDS patients. CASE REPORT: A 41-year-old HIV+ woman developed cervical spondylodiscitis due to Mycobacterium xenopi infection. The strain was isolated from a discovertebral biopsy and was resistant to several antibiotics. Outcome was unfavorable. DISCUSSION: Most of the cases reported to date have involved spondylodiscitis of the thoracic or lumbar spine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cervical spondylodiscitis dut to Mycobacterium xenopi in an HIV+ patient. Antibiotic combinations using fluoroquinolones and new macrolides are usually prescribed. Such protocols may provide cure of these opportunistic infections in immunodeficient patients.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗