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Biomedical subjects

A Frydén

Publications and source records attributed to A Frydén.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Successful treatment of hepatic coma probably caused by acute infectious hepatitis with balanced solution of amino acids.

Therapy with balanced amino acid solution enriched in branched amino acids has been reported to favourably influence hepatic encephalopathy due to liver cirrhosis. We here report the same favourable effect in 3 patients aged 29, 30 and 41 yr with hepatic coma at least in part induced by acute viral hepatitis. The patients regained consciousness within 8, 12 and 12 h, respectively. The treatment was continued for 9, 6 and 5 days, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Viral antibodies in oligoclonal and polyclonal IgG synthesized within the central nervous system over the course of mumps meningitis.

The occurrence of viral antibodies in relation to IgG separated by thin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing was studied in CSF and serum from 24 patients with mumps meningitis by immunofixation with viral antigens and autoradiography. Eleven of the patients displayed on the autoradiograms evidence of locally in the central nervous system synthesized mumps virus antibodies which were related to oligoclonal IgG bands in all 5 patients who displayed this CSF abnormality, otherwise to polyclonal IgG bands. Local synthesis of mumps virus antibodies was detectable in 43% of specimens obtained 1-13 days after onset, and in 75% obtained 27-47 days after onset. Only one patient displayed local synthesis of antibodies to other viruses (measles and herpes simplex) which could then be traced to polyclonal IgG bands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Tuberculous meningitis: immune reactions within the central nervous system.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytes from two patients with tuberculous meningitis proliferated stronger than the corresponding peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) when stimulated with tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) in the lymphocyte transformation test after 3 days of culture. This might indicate an accumulation of specifically primed lymphocytes within the central nervous system. CSF lymphocytes and PBL from nine of ten patients with acute aseptic meningitis investigated as controls showed no or low responses when stimulated with PPD, whereas the remaining patient displayed a significant proliferation of CSF lymphocytes, which was more pronounced than that of PBL. Stimulation with the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweek mitogen gave lower proliferation of CSF lymphocytes compared with PBL in tuberculous and aseptic meningitis. Evaluation of the proliferative response of CSF lymphocytes compared with PBL on stimulation with PPD might be a useful complement in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of antibody activity in oligoclonal immunoglobulin G synthesized within the central nervous system in a patient with tuberculous meningitis.

Thin-layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum obtained from one patient 48 and 65 days after the onset of tuberculous meningitis revealed five oligoclonal immunoglobulin zones in CSF without any counterpart in serum, indicating local immunoglobulin production. Subsequent immunofixation with specific antisera revealed that three of the zones consisted of immunoglobulin G lambda present simultaneously. Immunofixation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as antigens and autoradiography revealed zones of specific antibodies in the CSF which, regarding mobility, corresponded to oligoclonal and polyclonal CSF immunoglobulin G zones. No antibody activity was detectable in the corresponding serum, indicating that the antibodies present in CSF were synthesized within the central nervous system. In seven control patients (three with multiple sclerosis, four with chronic inflammatory central nervous system diseases of unknown cause) with oligoclonal CSF immunoglobulin, no evidence for local production of antibodies against M. tuberculosis or BCG was detectable. Immunofixation with M. tuberculosis or BCG as antigens and autoradiography may prove to be a useful diagnostic complement to conventional techniques in patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum bile acids after test meals and oral load of chenodeoxycholic acid.

The serum levels of conjugated cholic (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDA) were studied in 15 healthy individuals before and during 3 h after two different test meals and an oral load of CDA. The solid test meal containing 35 g fat gave less and earlier increases of CA and CDA than the liquid test meal containing 50 g fat. These findings demonstrate that the postprandial pattern of serum bile acids depends on the test meal used. After oral intake of 1 g CDA, serum levels of CDA rose faster than after the test meals, and mean maximal levels were reached after 90 min. The oral CDA loading test was also performed in 11 patients with chronic hepatitis. The results indicate that in patients with normal fasting CDA levels, this test may detect liver dysfunction. The advantages of an oral bile acid load over test meals are pointed out.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Active and total T cells in blood and cerebrospinal fluid during the course of aseptic meningitis.

Patients with aseptic meningitis (AM) were examined with the active T cell rosette test, which has been claimed to reflect cell-mediated immunocompetence more accurately than determination of total T cells. Higher percentages of active T cells were demonstrated in CSF compared to blood regardless if specimens were obtained on days 1-4, days 5-10, or later than 20 days after onset of symptoms, Active T cell percentages in CSF decreased when values for specimens obtained on days 5-10 were compared with those taken later than 20 days after onset, while no significant variations of active T cell percentages in blood were observed. The percentages of total T cells were higher in CSF than blood in specimens from days 5-10, and later than 20 days after onset, but no significant fluctuations of total T cells occurred in either CSF or blood over the course of AM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Legionnaires' disease in leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis.

At our hospital 15 cases of leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis and 4 cases of legionnaires' disease have been diagnosed. 3 patients had both diseases. The clinical findings are reported. It is probable that patients with leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis have an increased susceptibility to Legionnaires' disease. Possible reasons for the decreased resistance are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Predominance of oligoclonal IgG type lambda in CSF in aseptic meningitis.

Oligoclonal immunoglobulins (Ig) demonstrble as bands by agarose-gel electrophoresis of CSF were characterized in ten patients with aseptic meningitis. Oligoclonal CSF IgG was found in all patients, IgM was found in two. The oligoclonal Ig was more often of lambda light-chain type than of kappa type. In four patients, oligoclonal Ig bands contained kappa and lambda light chains simultaneously. In two patients, bands consisting of free lambda light chains were found. On repeated investigations more than one year later in three cases, the oligoclonal IgG was of the same light-chain type. The immune response within the CNS in aseptic meningitis seems to be dominated by synthesis of IgG with lambda light chains.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Normal functional capacity of blood lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis measured by stimulation with mitogens.

The effect of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) on blood lymphocytes was studied in multiple sclerosis, patients with acute CNS infections, and healthy controls. No significant differences in lymphocyte proliferation were registered between the group of MS patients and the two other groups, irrespective of mitogen used. The ratio between the PWM and PHA responses did not differ significantly from the ratios in the two other groups. The lymphocyte proliferation with PWM was significantly lower in the group with acute CNS infections compared with controls. The results indicate that alterations in cell-mediated immunity, if present in MS, are not confined to lymphocytes outside the CNS.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

No association between oligoclonal immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid and HLA antigens in acute aseptic meningitis.

The frequencies of the HLA antigens A3, B7, and Dw2, previously related with multiple sclerosis, were investigated in 26 patients with acute aseptic meningitis and oligoclonal immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but not in serum when investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis. HLA antigen frequencies were similar in patients with aseptic meningitis and controls. The oligoclonal immune response within the central nervous system in aseptic meningitis is not associated with the same HLA antigens found in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Demonstration of cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes sensitized against virus antigens in mumps meningitis.

Virus-induced proliferation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytes and blood lymphocytes was studied in patients with mump meningitis and in patients with aseptic meningitis of other etiology. In four out of five patients with mump meningitis the proliferation of CSF lymphocytes after mumps virus stimulation was higher than obtained with the corresponding number of blood lymphocytes. No proliferation was registered when lymphocytes from patients with other aseptic meningitis were stimulated with mumps virus. These data indicate the occurrence in CSF of lymphocytes specifically sensitized against mumps virus in patients with mumps meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

B and T lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid and blood in multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis and mumps meningitis.

B and T cells were defined in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of 18 multiple sclerosis (MS), five optic neuritis, and 17 mumps meningitis patients by counting immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes for B cells, and the capacity of rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes of T-cell determination. Patients with MS and mumps meningitis had significantly higher T-cell values in CSF compared to blood, while the B cell value was significantly lower in CSF in mumps meningitis only. MS patients also displayed significantly lower B-cell values in blood compared to mumps meningitis patients and blood donors. No significant differences were observed between MS patients in exacerbation and in remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Mitogen stimulation of cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes in aseptic meningitis.

The cell responses to different polyclonal lymphocyte activating substances were studied in 15 patients with aseptic meningitis by analysis of lymphocyte proliferation. The in vitro response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and poke weed mitogen (PWM) was investigated in blood and CSF lymphocytes simultaneously. The blood lymphocytes responded stronger than the corresponding number of CSF lymphocytes. These cells were, however, always capable of a response, suggesting that they were immunologically competent. No predominance of either PHA or Con A populations of T lymphocytes could be demonstrated in CSF compared to blood by this technique. When culture conditions were changed from the optimal cell or mitogen concentrations, the decrease in proliferation of the CSF lymphocytes was more pronounced than that of blood lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Mitogen stimulation and distribution of T- and B-lymphocytes during natural rubella infection.

The phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) response of lymphocytes from seven patients with natural rubella infection was investigated during the acute, early and late convalescence stages of disease. When the lymphocytes were cultured in autologous serum, a moderate depression of the response, following stimulation with PHA in both optimal and suboptimal concentrations was obtained two weeks after the onset of exanthema (early convalescence). Two months later (late convalescence), the lymphocyte stimulation response had returned to almost normal values. On the other hand, lymphocytes incubated in pooled homologous serum reacted normally to PHA in optimal concentrations at all three stages. Determination of T- and B-lymphocytes did not reveal any change in the relative proportion of T-lymphocytes during the course of the disease. However, in late convalescence, a significant decrease in the relative number of B-lymphocytes was recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Benign meningococcemia in childhood. A report of five cases with clinical and diagnostic remarks.

Five children aged 1/2--10 years with benign meningococcemia are reported. The clinical picture was quite uniform: good general condition, spikes of fever, skin eruptions as maculopapules--sometimes haemorrhagic, appearing in association with febrile periods, and arthralgia (big joints). The diagnosis involves either isolation of meningococci (MC) from blood, demonstration of MC with immunofluorescence in skin eruptions, or a significant elevation of MC antibody titre in connection with typical clinical signs and symptoms. Important differential diagnoses are Henoch-Schönlein syndrome, disseminated gonococcal infection, septicemia of other origins, subacute bacterial endocarditis, viral infections, hypersensitivity reactions and subsepsis allergica. By co-agglutination technique, the causative agent of meningococcemia in 4 of the 5 children was shown to be MC group B. These have some features in common with gonococci, whereby an incorrect diagnosis might be suggested as demonstrated in one of our patients. The question is raised whether MC group B is the main causative agent in benign meningococcemia.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

Septicemia and meningitis caused by Fusobacterium aquatile.

A case of septicemia and meningitis caused by Fusobacterium aquatile is described. The insidious onset of the megningitis and occurrence of multiple cranial nerve affections were outstanding features. In spite of adequate antibiotic treatment the course was protracted, and the outcome was permanent damage to 3 of the affected cranial nerves.

Adolescent↗