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Biomedical subjects

A Furusawa

Publications and source records attributed to A Furusawa.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Helicobacter pylori infection induces a decrease in immunoreactive-somatostatin concentrations of human stomach.

Immunoreactive-somatostatin (ir-somatostatin) concentrations of the gastric mucosa and gastric juice with Helicobacter pylori infection were measured in the human stomach. One hundred seventy-one patients (106 males, 65 females; mean age, 52.0; range, 19-84 years) were registered. Gastric juice and mucosa were obtained with the usual endoscopy procedure. Somatostatin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. The ir-somatostatin concentrations in the H. pylori-negative group were significantly higher than in the positive group gastric mucosa, whereas its levels in gastric juice tended to decrease with H. pylori infection. There was an inverse correlation between luminal ammonia levels and ir-somatostatin concentrations of the gastric mucosa. On the other hand, ir-somatostatin concentrations of the gastric mucosa significantly decreased with chronic and active inflammatory change. This decrease was not correlated with the grade of active inflammation, which was in close relation to H. pylori infection, but with the grade of chronic inflammation. These results indicate that H. pylori may reduce ir-somatostatin concentrations of the human stomach and that its effect is partly mediated via luminal ammonia produced by H. pylori.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of luminal administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone or somatostatin on gastric pH and interaction of these peptides in rats.

The effect of intraluminal administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on gastric pH and release of luminal somatostatin, and a possible interrelationship between TRH and somatostatin in the rat stomach were studied. TRH was administered into the stomach via an intragastric tube at various doses (50 pg/kg-10 micrograms/kg) and gastric pH was measured after 15 min. The intraluminal administration of TRH significantly decreased gastric pH at doses over 1.0 ng/kg. Time-course studies at a dose of 100 ng/kg TRH exhibited a significant decrease in gastric pH at 15, 30 and 60 min. Furthermore, TRH administration caused a significant increase in immunoreactive-somatostatin (ir-somatostatin) concentrations in the gastric wall and a significant decrease in ir-somatostatin concentrations in the gastric juice. On the other hand, intraluminal administration of somatostatin caused a significant increase in ir-TRH concentrations in the gastric wall and a significant decrease in ir-TRH concentrations in the gastric juice, and significantly raised gastric pH at 5 min. These findings suggest that luminal TRH may exert a regulatory effect on gastric acid secretion, and that TRH may have a possible interaction with somatostatin in the modulation of gastric acid secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of serotonin on the immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone concentrations of the rat stomach.

The effects of serotonin and its related compounds on immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone (ir-TRH) concentrations of the rat stomach wall and gastric juice were studied. Either serotonin, cyproheptadine or GR38032F was injected intraperitoneally, and the rats were decapitated at various times after the injection. ir-TRH concentrations of the stomach wall and gastric juice were measured by radioimmunoassay, and gastric serotonin concentrations were measured by HPLC. ir-TRH concentrations of the stomach wall decreased, and ir-TRH concentrations of gastric juice increased significantly after serotonin injection. On the other hand, both cyproheptadine and GR38032F did not affect ir-TRH concentrations of the stomach. The effects of serotonin on ir-TRH concentrations of the stomach were significantly blocked by the pretreatment of cyproheptadine and GR38032F. The reciprocal changes of gastric ir-TRH and serotonin concentrations were observed without changes in gastric juice pH. These findings suggest that serotonin stimulates ir-TRH release from the stomach wall into gastric juice, and the effects of serotonin on ir-TRH release may be partly mediated via 5-HT2- and 5-HT3-receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Role of gut hormones in irritable bowel syndrome].

In irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), motility disturbances occur from the upper gastrointestinal tract to the distal colon, where regulatory peptides have a wide-spread distribution. Studies on basal and postprandial plasma levels of different gut hormones show that VIP, CCK, and motilin may be closely related to the symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation. In addition, peptide YY and NPY have effects on absorption in the intestine, and some opioid peptides exert actions on colonic motility in IBS patients. Recent studies revealed that gall bladder in IBS has an abnormal sensitivity to CCK-8, indicating that IBS patients has an generalized abnormality of the smooth muscle of the digestive tract. Gut hormones, which act as hormones, neurotransmitters and neuromodulators depending on their releasing site, may therefore play an important role in IBS patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of a long-term oral ammonia administration on immunoreactive-somatostatin concentrations of rat stomach].

The effect of a long-term oral ammonia administration on immunoreactive-somatostatin concentrations was investigated in rat stomach. The gastric ir-somatostatin concentrations in the group treated with 0.01% ammonia (pH 9.6) for four weeks were significantly higher than those in both the group treated with 0.1% ammonia (pH 10.4), 0.1 mM-NaOH (pH 9.6), or distilled water (pH 7.0) for four weeks and the group treated with 0.01% ammonia for two weeks. On the contrary, ir-somatostatin levels in the gastric juice and serum tended to decrease with ammonia administration. Further, ammonia administration significantly induced the decrease in mucosal thickness in the pyloric gland area and parietal cell numbers in a dose- and time-dependent manner. From these findings, it was suggested that a long-term oral treatment with 0.01% ammonia, which was clinically estimated as the concentration of the gastric juice in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, induced not only atrophic changes on gastric mucosa, but the inhibitory effect on somatostatin secretion in rat stomach.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A case of jejunal vein thrombosis due to medroxyprogesterone acetate].

The patient was a 68-year-old woman with advanced breast cancer which had been treated by modified radical mastectomy two years and nine months earlier. After the surgery, tamoxifen citrate (TAM) was orally administered in addition to various types of chemotherapy. Because the patient complained of nausea and weight loss, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was orally administered instead of TAM. The patient complained of intense abdominal pain on the 35th day of administration. Laparotomy was then performed for her acute abdominal problem. Because necrosis from bleeding due to jejunal vein thrombosis was observed in the jejunum for about 15 cm, resection of the jejunum was carried out. Histological observation demonstrated thrombosis in the vein, and cellular infiltration around the thrombosis. The postoperative prognosis has been favorable and the postoperative course is now being monitored at our clinic (2 months after surgery). The patient has no complications such as diabetes mellitus or hypercholesterolemia. The thrombosis observed in the jejunal vein, which is a rare site for it on the 35th day of MPA administration was induced by MPA. Due attention must be paid to the formation of thrombosis when using MPA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[A case of advanced breast cancer effectively treated with tamoxifen].

A 69-year-old female with advanced breast cancer was daily administered 20 mg of tamoxifen. After 4 months, her left breast tumor decreased in size. Left breast tumor and metastatic lymph nodes disappeared completely (CR) 7 months later. CR has been continued for 6 months up to the present, and the patient has been enjoying favorable quality of life.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Effects of water-immersion-induced stress and intraperitoneal administration of brain-gut peptides upon immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin E2 concentrations in the rat stomach.

The effects of water-immersion-induced stress and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of selected neuropeptides on the levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were studied in the rat stomach. Water-immersion caused a significant decrease immunoreactive-TRH (ir-TRH) concentrations in the stomach, and a significant increase in ir-TRH concentrations in the gastric juice. The concentrations of PGE2 were significantly increased at 0.5-4 hrs, and significantly decreased at 6-8 hrs after water-immersion. In the experiment of i.p. administration of selected neuropeptides, the level of ir-TRH in the stomach was significantly decreased after VIP injection, whereas it was significantly increased after beta-endorphin injection. The concentration of PGE2 was significantly decreased in the stomach after i.p. administration of TRH and VIP. However, it did not change after beta-endorphin injection. These results indicate that some neuropeptides may participate in regulating the endogenous level of PGE2 and that these interrelations between neuropeptides and PGE2 may be important as ulcerogenic factors in stress ulcers induced by water-immersion in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The effects of histamine on the concentrations of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the stomach and hypothalamus in rats.

The effects of histamine and its related compounds on the concentrations of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone (ir-TRH) in the stomach, gastric juice and hypothalamus in rats were studied. Histamine, ranitidine or ethanolamine was injected intraperitoneally, and the rats were decapitated at various times after the injection. Ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach, gastric juice and hypothalamus were measured by a radioimmunoassay. Ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach decreased significantly after histamine injection and increased significantly after ranitidine injection in a dose-dependent manner, but did not change with ethanolamine. Ir-TRH concentrations in the gastric juice increased in a dose-dependent manner, peaking at 30 min after histamine injection, and its effect was blocked with ranitidine. Ir-TRH concentrations in the hypothalamus elevated significantly after histamine injection and reduced significantly after ranitidine injection, but did not change with ethanolamine. The effects of histamine on ir-TRH concentrations in the stomach and hypothalamus were significantly blocked with ranitidine, but not with ethanolamine. These findings suggest that histamine stimulates ir-TRH release from the stomach and inhibits ir-TRH release from the hypothalamus, and that these effects of histamine on ir-TRH release are mediated via an H2-receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic examination for fistula.

In 15 postoperative fistula cases, we performed endoscopic examination (fistuloscopy) and studied the clinical significance. The inside of the fistula was easily observed after irrigation with physiological saline. The drain was extubated in 6 cases in which cavities without abscesses were recognized. In a case of pancreatic fistula, the fistula was temporarily closed using fibrin glue. Re-operation was performed in a case in which recurrence of cancer was recognized by biopsy. On the other hand, in 9 cases in which cavities with abscesses were recognized, foreign bodies, such as suture threads, which were sources of infections were removed. Moreover, the drain was removed to the effective site, and the fistula then irrigated repeatedly. Consequently, with the exception of a death due to cancer and a case complicated by osteomyelitis, the fistula was closed in all cases. Fistuloscopy is a safe and easy technique. In addition, the method, which is less stressful for the patient, is considered to be effective for the examination and treatment of fistulas.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Gastrectomy for a patient with congenital factor VII deficiency--a case report].

A 76-year-old man with congenital factor VII deficiency was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of gastric cancer. On admission, the hepaplastin test was prolonged reaching to 21% and factor VII activity was reduced to 8%. After preoperative heat-treated prothrombin complex concentrates loading test, factor VII levels had been maintained above 20% by every four-hour infusion of concentrates during operation and the first post operative day. Bleeding tendency didn't occur, but thrombosis occurred at the left femoral vein. Pre and postoperative replacement therapy is essential to the patient with congenital factor VII deficiency for the safety of operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Endoscopic examination for pancreatic fistula.

We have conducted endoscopic examination in 5 cases of postoperative pancreatic fistula, and discuss its clinical significance. The examination provided not only an observation of the fistula but also opportunity to irrigate the fistula for removal of foreign substances. The biopsy permitted histological examination for necrotic substances and the fistulous wall. Endoscopy made it easy to introduce a drain into the affected site and to judge when to remove the drain. Closure of the fistula was also attainable using fibrin glue. Consequently, the fistulas were closed within 1 month from the examination in all cases but one, in which death resulted due to carcinoma. The examination is an easy and safe technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinicopathological study of juvenile hepatocellular carcinoma].

Clinicopathological analyses were performed on 11 cases of juvenile (less than 40 years) hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and compared with those of 187 cases of nonjuvenile HCCs. 91% of juvenile HCC cases were positive for HBsAg in their sera and it was much higher than that of nonjuvenile group (p less than 0.05). Familial clustering of HBV carriers or advanced liver diseases was found in 50%. 73% of juvenile HCC cases had cirrhosis. Abdominal pain was found most frequently as initial symptom. All except one case, who had surgical resection of the tumor, were rapidly fatal. Interestingly the association of paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) was more frequently seen in juvenile HCC cases (36.3%) than in nonjuvenile HCC ones (5.9%, p less than 0.05). In juvenile HCC cases with PNS, LC was less associated, serum alphafetoprotein tested higher and prognosis was worse than those without PNS. Therefore, these results imply that HBV plays an important role for the development of juvenile HCC and juvenile HCC patients with PNS show characteristic features in HCC patients in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Endoscopic examination for fistula].

We have conducted fistulous endoscopic examination in 11 cases of postoperative fistula, and discuss its clinical significance. The examination was carried out using an endoscope more than 3 weeks after the operation. The endoscopic examination of the fistula provided not only an internal observation of the fistula but also opportunity to an irrigate the fistula for removal of foreign substances. In addition, the biopsy permitted histological examination for necrotic substances and the fistulous wall. Furthermore, in 7 cases involving abscess, endoscopy made it easy to introduce a drain into the affected site and to judge when to remove the drain based on the condition of the fistula. Closure of pancreatic fistula was also attainable using fibrin glue. Consequently, the fistulas were closed within 2 months after the fistulous endoscopic examination in all cases but one, in which death resulted due to carcinoma. The endoscopic examination for fistula is a fairly easy technique as long as it is carried out only when the fistula is firmly formed. Moreover, this technique is considered to be an effective mean of testing and treatment method since it imposes less stress on the patient.

Aged↗