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Biomedical subjects

A G Konopliannikov

Publications and source records attributed to A G Konopliannikov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Ageing and necrotic form of "unwanted" cells].

Collecting experimental data testify that cellular necrosis is the same component of "unwanted" cell system elimination in a metaphyte, as well as apoptosis. The essential role of the last in definition of rates of ageing is expressed, in particular, in secretion by phagocytes of the factors overwhelming inflammatory reactions which are rather characteristic for such illnesses as an atherosclerosis, a diabetes and others. Apparently, infringement of balance between necrotic and apoptotic forms "unwanted" cell elimination from an organism can be the important factor of ageing and the reason of reduction of life expectancy as a result of supression of renewal processes in an organism, occurrence and weights of development of some senile illness.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Immunoglobulin G monoclonal human anti-rhesus Rho(D) to prevent rhesus-incompatibility].

RhD immunisation which follows pregnancy can be prevented by administration to the rhesus-negative mother of 20 micrograms anti-D immunoglobulin per 1 ml of D-positive fetal red cells in the maternal circulation. With the aim of substitution of polyclonal anti-D with monoclonal one we developed human-mouse cell lines producing anti-RhD IgG1 by fusing EBV-transformed human immune lymphocytes with murine myeloma. After several clonings and passages the EBV genome was eliminated from the cell lines. The antibodies were purified from culture supernatants using protein A affinity chromatography and tested for sterility, virus contamination, pyrogenecity, toxicity and DNA content. The monoclonals were compared with the standard polyclonal anti-RhD in in vitro and in vivo assays. In antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) 2 of 4 studied monoclonals promoted greater RBS lysis than polyclonal anti-D at equivalent concentrations. Detection of binding site number of monoclonals anti-D revealed about 10,000/RBS D-determinants on DCe/dce erythrocyte which agrees with the data for polyclonal anti-D. Best in ADCC monoclonal anti-D sharply increased human autologous 51Cr-labelled rbc sensitised in vitro as well as accelerated clearance of RhD RBS from circulation of Rh-negative volunteers injected with 150 micrograms monoclonal anti-D. After clinical trial using of monoclonal anti-D is permitted in Russia.

Blood Group Incompatibility↗
PubMed1997

[New developments in understanding the compensatory hematological reactions and their outcomes in local fractionated therapeutic gamma irradiation].

We have carried out a study of the bone marrow status in both irradiated and non-irradiated zones of 56 patients with stage I-II Hodgkin's disease in complete 9-12 (33 patients, group 1) and 18-23 (23 patients, group 2) year remission after therapeutic irradiation of the supradiaphragmatic lymphatic collectors at a dose of 40 Gy with irradiation of the spleen (33 patients) or splenectomy (23 patients). The total count of myelokaryocytes, myelogram, a relative and absolute content of lymphoid cells, immature granulocytes and elements of erythroid series were calculated in the aspirates from the exposed to radiotherapy sternum and non-irradiated upper portion of the ileum. The number of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) and stromal (CFU-F) precursor cells were defined using in vitro culture technique. There was a complete annihilation of the bone marrow in the irradiated zones, when the dose exceeded 35 Gy in 3-4 weeks. The concentration of myelokaryocytes, immature granulocytes, erythronormoblasts, CFU-GM, CFU-F in non-exposed bone marrow were significantly lower in all patients of group 2 than in normal subjects and in group 1 patients. Absolute lymphoid count in patients with 18-23 year remission was found to be normal but was considerably reduced in comparison to patients of group 1. These changes may be the result of the previous hyperactivity of the non-irradiated bone marrow which could be a cause of stem cell compartment depletion. The differential calculation of compact and diffuse subpopulations of CFU-F revealed a significant reduction of compact colony-forming CFU-F in both irradiated and unexposed bone marrow. Almost all the stromal precursor cells from irradiated zone formed diffuse colonies in cultures. These results confirm experimental data concerning greater radiosensitivity and proliferative potential of CFU-F, forming compact colonies versus diffuse colony-forming CFU-F. Aplasia of the irradiated bone marrow and hypoplasia of the non-irradiated bone marrow 18-23 years after radiotherapy completion coexisted with normal circulating CFU-GM and granulocyte blood count suggesting a compensatory mechanism involving a mitotic amplification between the progenitor cell and the final differentiated cell.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Hemosorption in the prevention of severe forms of hemolytic disease of the newborn in rhesus sensitization].

A total of 164 hemoperfusions were administered to 60 pregnant patients with Rh sensitization and a history of perinatal death of the newborns from hemolytic disease. Hemoperfusion was found to decelerate the progress of hemolytic disease of the newborns promoting delivery of babies with more benign forms of the disease. The method efficacy was 76%. Dynamic follow-up of fetal functional status over the course of hemosorption treatment by examinations of biophysical profiles and ultrasonic dopplerometry has shown no negative effects of this treatment modality on fetal status.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Local electromagnetic hyperthermia of prostatic adenoma].

The paper is concerned with the results of therapy of 43 patients with prostatic adenoma using local electromagnetic hyperthermia (LEH) on a Yakhta-3 unit of 915 MHz. LEH can be one of the promising methods of conservative therapy of prostatic adenoma. Therapeutic efficacy grows with increasing warming and the number of LEH sessions. LEH repeated courses of not lead to side-effects and improve the patients' local status.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Local electromagnetic hyperthermia in treating patients with chronic prostatitis].

Local electromagnetic hyperthermia (LEH) was applied to 29 patients with nonspecific chronic prostatitis, using UHF-units Plot or Yakhta-3 (915 MHz). Heating was achieved with the help of intracavitary areals via the rectum. A therapeutic course consisted of 6-10 LEH sessions. A direct positive clinical effect was observed in all the patients after the LEH course was over. Prostatic secretion indices returned to normal in 25 patients; a moderate leucocyte count was found in 4 patients only. Exacerbation of disease was noted in 3 patients in the course of the first year after therapy. They were given a repeated LEH course, which brought about a positive effect. Potency in 14 patients (8 of 10 with decreased potency and 6 with normal potency) was increased after LEH. LEH seems to hold promise for therapy of chronic prostatitis and its consequences. This method results in no complications, therefore LEH courses can be repeated in case of exacerbation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical assessment of various methods of radio-modification in radiotherapy of advanced oropharyngeal cancer].

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of RF-hyperthermia and regional intraarterial hyperglycemia as adjuvant radiotherapy vs conventional radiotherapy of advanced head and neck cancers. Altogether 115 patients with advanced T3-T-4 carcinoma of the tongue, oral cavity and oropharynx underwent external radiotherapy (Co-60). An RF capacitative heating device operating at 40.68 MHz was employed twice a week, a total of 4 sessions per patient. Intratumor temperature was 41.5-43 degrees C. Hyperglycemia was performed via the branches of the carotid artery, a total of 3 sessions per patient. There were 4 groups (1-31 patients on conventional radiotherapy; 2-24 patients on thermoradiotherapy; 3-30 patients on radiotherapy plus regional hyperglycemia; 4-30 patients underwent combined radio-modification). A complete response was 29% for conventional radiotherapy, 67% for thermoradiotherapy, 60% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 77% for combined radio-modification. A 2-year local control was found to be 13% for radiotherapy, 37% for thermoradiotherapy, 17% for radiotherapy plus hyperglycemia, and 35% for combined radio-modification. Only hyperthermia was found to improve a 2-year local control of advanced oropharyngeal cancer.

Adult↗