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Biomedical subjects

A G Mazovetskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to A G Mazovetskiĭ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Genetic analysis of the structure of predisposition to diabetes mellitus. IV. Population-genetics study of two types of diabetes mellitus with onset at age 20-40].

It was found that age-specific morbidity risks of type I diabetes mellitus (DM I) increased from the age of 0-4 yrs (0.012-0.013%) to the age of 10-14 yrs (0.04-0.045%) and then slightly decreased to 0.02-0.03%, remaining at this level up to 40 yrs. The "cumulative" morbidity risk of DM I (population risk of development of DM I for each born individual, irrespective of family history) was found to be 0.2% for the age from 0-4 to 40 yrs. Assuming the age-specific morbidity risks of DM I after the age of 40 yrs to be the same as that at 40 yrs (0.02-0.03%), the "cumulative" morbidity risk for this type of DM from birth to 75 yrs old was estimated to be 0.36-0.44%. First incidences of DM II in the population were only observed in 20 yrs olds. The morbidity risk level for DM II at the age 20-24 yrs was found to be lower than that for DM I at this age. The risk was about the same level both for DM I and for DM II at the age 25-34 yrs, the morbidity risk levels for DM II after 35 yrs exceeding that for DM I. The "cumulative" risk of DM II by the age of 40 yrs was 0.1% for men and 0.15% for women. Analysis of familial data revealed statistically significant increase in recurrent morbidity risk in relatives only for the types of DM presented in probands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevention of diabetes mellitus].

Problems dealing with the current status of diabetes prevention are discussed. Data on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the main types of diabetes is presented which is based on the original research and international experience in the primary and secondary prophylaxis of this disease. The necessity of an integrated approach to the prophylaxis of diabetes and other chronic non-infectious diseases is emphasized stemming from the concept of common risk factors. The efficacy of programmes on the diet correction in the primary prophylaxis, populational health study, use of automated systems for the determination of risk groups and primary prophylaxis in them, and the system of diabetics' self-control are analysed.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative clinico-immunologic and microcirculation studies in families of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus].

Presented are findings of comparative studies of the clinico-immunological parameters and the microcirculatory bed status in 17 DM I probands and 37 of their family members and in 17 SLE probands with 54 of their relatives. The DM I families were found to have DM and prediabetic cases, while among the SLE probands' families rheumatic and, less frequently, cardiovascular diseases prevailed. In the DM I probands' families, a significantly greater number of relatives were found to have rheumatoid factor, high IgG level, anti-DNA antibodies, and CIC (as compared to the SLE series). Both DM I and SLE groups demonstrated reduced efficacy of the cutaneous circulation as compared to norm; in the DM I relatives this disorder was more pronounced than in SLE relatives. The degree to which circulatory changes were pronounced was related to immunological disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and dyslipoproteinemia in persons with disorders of glucose tolerance].

Among 3490 males and females aged 20-69 years, oral glucose tolerance testing (GTT) revealed diabetes mellitus (DM) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in 94 and 401 persons, respectively. The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), and dyslipoproteinemias (DLP) was examined in groups of subjects that had normal GTT indices, patients with DM, and persons with AGT. In the latter, the prevalence of CHD was found to significantly higher than in those with normal GTT indices and be increased with severity of carbohydrate metabolic disturbances. The prevalence of AH did not drastically differ in persons with AGT and those with normal carbohydrate metabolism. The prevalence of DLP was significantly higher in subjects with AGT than in those with normal GTT values. It was also ascertained that DLP, as opposed to AH, was more meaningful as a risk factor for the development of CHD in persons with AGT and patients with DM.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Characteristics of disturbances in the hemostasis system in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with angiopathies of the vessels of the lower extremities].

Indices of the system of hemostasis, the levels of glycolysated hemoglobin were studied in 67 patients suffering from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with lower limb angiopathies (aged 40 to 60). Rheovasography of the lower limbs was performed. The patients were treated with antidiabetic drugs per os (with the exception of hydroxydione sodium succinate), platelet aggregation inhibitors (pentoxifylline, acetylsalicylic acid) and vasodilators (xanthinol nicotinate, solcoseryl and cinnarizine). The use of pentoxifylline after therapy increased the rate of platelet aggregation inhibition and decreased the prothrombin index, not influencing the other indices of the system of hemostasis. Pentoxifylline combined with acetylsalicylic acid at small doses normalized not only platelet indices but also the other indices of the system of hemostasis. Positive changes in the system of hemostasis were accompanied by a rise of the rheographic index in patients with vascular functional changes. In obliterating atherosclerosis the rheographic index was not on an increase indicating the necessity of corrective therapy of vascular lesions, first of all in the system of hemostasis, in the early period of diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Various aspects of the relation between blood sugar levels and the prevalence of ischemic heart disease among 20 to 69-year-old men and women (a simultaneous epidemiologic study)].

A random sample of 1,225 male and 1,243 female residents of a Moscow district, aged 20 to 69, has been studied. Their carbohydrate metabolism was assessed by means of an oral glucose tolerance test, and the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) was made on the basis of a WHO questionnaire and electrocardiography. The incidence of CHD was shown to be unassociated with the distribution of glycemia (both fasting and provoked by the glucose tolerance test) in males, while the association was significant in females. It is suggested that hyperglycemia is important as a coronary risk factor in women only.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Incidence of arterial hypertension in relation to the blood sugar level in men and women aged 20 to 69 (a 1-factor epidemiological study)].

Arterial blood pressure (BP) was measured in 1225 males and 1243 females aged 20 to 69 years, who were also screened for glycemia by means of the glucose tolerance test (GTT). According to WHO recommendations, arterial hypertension (AH) was defined as systolic BP elevated to or above 160 mm Hg or diastolic BP elevated to or above 95 mm Hg. The incidence of AH was shown to be significantly related to the degree of glycemia in both males and females, the relationship being much closer in the latter. The prevalence of systolic AH in the females showed highly significant correlation to glycemia at any point of the GTT, while that of diastolic AH was only correlated with basal and 1-hour glycemia. In the males, the prevalence of systolic AH was significantly related to basal and 1-hour glycemia, and that of diastolic AH was only related to the distribution of basal glycemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Genetic analysis of the structure of predisposition to diabetes mellitus. III. Genetic heterogeneity of diabetes mellitus with different ages of onset].

The results of genetical-epidemiological analysis of the three conventional forms of diabetes mellitus (DM) differentiated for age-at-onset are presented (the form I - from 0 to 29 y. the form II - from 30 to 59 y. the form III - 60 y. and older). The estimates of heritability of liability to the forms I, II and III of DM were 0.57, 0.70 and 0.65, respectively. It was shown that genetic components of the forms I and II are virtually different: genetic correlation between these forms was rA = 0.216 +/- 0.203, which is statistically insignificant. These data support the hypothesis assuming genetic independence of juvenile and adult forms of DM. On the other hand, the forms II and III were found to have an essential number of genes in common: genetic correlation was rA = 0.495 +/- 0.134, being significant at the 5% level. Thus, the forms II and III of DM are not to be considered as two genetically distinct diseases. The low recurrence risks of the form I for siblings (not more than 3.6%) allow to reject the hypothesis of simple monogenic inheritance of juvenile DM and to propose multifactorial nature of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Changes in the rate of surface blood microcirculation studied by photon-correlation spectroscopy in the practical treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus].

The paper is concerned with the results of studies on the basal blood flow and responses of the microcirculatory channel to physiological and pharmacological loads in health and diabetes mellitus using the method of photon-correlation spectroscopy in the light fiber variant. The rate of the basal blood flow in patients with diabetes mellitus (irrespective of the diabetes type) as compared to that in health was significantly lower in the finger tip and tended toward reduction in the inner side of the forearm, lobule of the auricle and in the conjunctiva. The presence of retinopathies in patients with diabetes mellitus resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of the blood flow in the conjunctiva as compared to those in health and diabetes mellitus without retinopathy. The response of the blood flow to physiological (orthostatic and ischemic) and pharmacological (nitroglycerin and pentoxifyllin) tests in patients with diabetes mellitus was also low; the presence of angiopathies caused a more acute reduction of the reactive power of the microcirculatory channel to the orthostatic test. The nature of the nitroglycerin effect in health and diabetes mellitus was different: in the first case noticeable vascular reactions were observed, in the second case a persistent vasodilative effect was observed. The pentoxifyllin effect was characterized by an elevated rate of the blood flow in health and diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the photon correlation method of measuring skin blood flow and its use in the diagnosis of microcirculation disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus].

A new photon-correlation method for measuring blood flow and traditional methods for blood flow measurements according to the clearance of 133Xe were studied and compared. The measurement data of the skin circulation by the photon-correlation method and according to the clearance of 133Xe are in linear relationship, the correlation ratio being equal to +0.93 (P less than 0.01). At the same time the photon-correlation method has some advantages. Particularly it is marked by non-invasiveness, high accuracy, good reproducibility of the data and short exposure time. Photon-correlation spectroscopy was used to perform clinical studies of the skin circulation in different anatomic areas of the skin in diabetes mellitus patients. Altogether 117 subjects aged 19-60 years were examined. There were 38 healthy subjects and 79 patients with diabetes mellitus. The skin circulation was measured from the finger tip and from the internal surface of the upper third of the forearm. In healthy subjects, the skin circulation appeared substantially higher in the finger tip than in the forearm. In diabetes mellitus patients, the circulation in the finger skin was also higher than in the skin of the forearm. As compared to healthy subjects, the patients manifested a significant lowering in the finger circulation and only the tendency towards its decrease in the forearm.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Role of blood insulin in the etiology of dyslipoproteinemias and ischemic heart disease in males aged 20-69 years].

A random sample of males aged 20-69 years and living in one of the administrative districts of Moscow was studied. The total number of those enrolled was 1225, and they were studied for the incidence of dyslipoproteinemias and coronary heart disease (CHD) in relation to the level of glycemia, basal insulinemia, diabetes mellitus or impaired tolerance to glucose. It was shown that the effect of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism is largely determined by the level of insulinemia and is mediated through the development of dyslipoproteinemias. The prevalence of CHD without dyslipoproteinemias as well as in combination with arterial hypertension or an excessive body weight did not depend on the level of glycemia and baseline insulinemia or the presence of diabetes mellitus. Hyperinsulinemia was found to be associated with types of dyslipoproteinemias most unfavourable in terms of CHD development.

Adult↗