Overnutrition in the diabetic patient.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A G Silverman.
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Routine cervicovaginal (PAP) smears from 1,239 women from ages 16 to 92 were examined retrospectively for spermatozoa. The prevalence of spermatozoa in cervicovaginal smears was found to be highest (25%) in the 20-24 year age group, and fell gradually to 20% in the 70-79 year age group. The oldest woman in the study to have spermatozoa in her smear was 76 years old. In order to evaluate persistence of spermatozoa in the lower genital tracts of women, 697 smears were prepared from women who had volunteered the time of last coitus, birth control methods, and douching practices. Spermatozoa could be found in smears taken up to 10 days after coitus, although their number decreased due to vaginal douching and birth control. These findings confirm that coital activity in aging women can persist into the eighth decade of some women's lives.
Cervicovaginal scrapings from 675 women who had volunteered information about the time of their last coitus and their contraceptive and douching practices were stained with Papanicoalaou stain and screened for spermatozoa. Generally, as the interval between coitus and preparation of the smears (postcoital interval) increased, the percentage of smears with spermatozoa and the mean number of spermatozoa per smear decreased, but the percentage of spermatozoa with tails did not change significantly. Spermatozoa were found irregularly after the seventh and rarely after the tenth postcoital day. Vaginal douching, pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, coitus interruptus, condoms, and vasectomy were associated with reduced prevalence of spermatozoa in smears.
Granulocyte adherence was measured in blood samples from 57 subjects more than 60 years old and 50 subjects 11 to 59 years old. In contrast to mean hemoglobin levels, leukocyte counts, and neutrophil counts, which were lower in the samples from the older group, granulocyte adherence was greater for the older subjects (mean = 78.4%) than for the younger subjects (mean = 65.7%). Ingested aspirin, chlorothiazides, methyldopa, digitalis, antihistamines, and barbiturates had no effect on granulocyte adherence. Alcohol ingestion within 24 hours was associated with reduced granulocyte adherence in the older group. Granulocyte adherence was slightly greater for aged black than for aged white subjects, but the difference was not statistically significant. Granulocytes of women showed greater adherence than those of men, and this difference persisted after menopause into the ninth decade of life.
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