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Biomedical subjects

A Gårde

Publications and source records attributed to A Gårde.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The man behind the syndrome: Friedrich Horner.

Although oculosympathetic lesions were described in the early 18th century in animal experiments, detailed description in humans, with the well-known triad of miosis, ptosis and enophthalmos comprising Horner's syndrome, is accredited to the Swiss ophthalmologist Friedrich Horner (1831-1886). This paper briefly reviews the symptoms and localization of the lesion with currently available diagnostic aids, and sketches the eponymous life behind Horner's syndrome.

Eponyms↗
PubMed1987

Clinical manifestations of Borrelia infections of the nervous system.

Clinical, treatment and laboratory parameters were analyzed in 46 consecutive Swedish patients with Borrelia infections of the nervous system. The importance of age in the clinical symptoms, the wide spectrum of disease, and the chronic behaviour of the Borrelia infection of the nervous system was stressed, as well as the benefit of high-dose intravenous antibiotics, especially penicillin G. Borrelia infection of the nervous system can imitate other diseases. When associated with meningitis it can mimic psychosomatic disorders, when associated with radiculoneuritis it may imitate herniated discs and when central nervous involvement of the Borrelia infection occurs, it can mimic a non-infectious, thrombotic or haemorrhagic cerebro-vascular disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Value of blood coagulation tests in ischemic cerebral disease.

80 patients with transitory ischemic attacks (TIA) and 30 patients with cerebral infarction (CI) were investigated regarding hemostatic disturbances to evaluate selected coagulation test methods for routine laboratory use. The patients were studied a few days after the first appearance of symptoms and at defined times subsequently. The study included measurements of circulating platelet aggregates; platelet adhesiveness, factor-VIII-related antigen (VIIIR:Ag), fibrinolytic activity after venous stasis, alpha-2-antiplasmin activity, and antithrombin III activity. Platelet aggregates and/or adhesiveness were increased in the acute stage in most patients as well as in patients with recurrent attacks. Increased platelet adhesiveness was also found in some patients with nonvascular neurologic diseases. Factor VIIIR:Ag was increased especially in the acute stage and more in patients with recurrent attacks. Diminished fibrinolytic response after venous stasis was found in about 40% of the TIA and in 50% of the CI patients as well as in all patients who died from vascular disease. Antiplasmin activity was increased especially in women. Antithrombin activity was increased during warfarin treatment. The effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment on platelet function was registered only in women but ASA seemed to influence mechanisms other than platelet function, e.g. normalization of factor VIIIR:Ag. Our findings indicate that with methods available for the routine laboratory the measurement of fibrinolytic response to venous stasis, factor VIIIR:Ag and platelet reactivity would be of value in selecting risk patients and following the effect of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Chronic meningitis caused by a penicillin-sensitive microorganism?

21 patients studied had persistent or progressive chronic meningitis not associated with a demonstrable infectious or other disease, except Streptococcus milleri antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid of 1 patient. The cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) abnormalities consisted of a moderate, predominantly mononuclear, pleocytosis, a sharp rise in CSF protein (mean 2.3 g/l), intrathecal synthesis of considerable quantities of oligoclonal immunoglobulin G, and, in half the patients, a fall in the CSF-glucose/blood-glucose ratio. In all patients symptoms began during summer or autumn. In 4 patients the onset was preceded by localised cutaneous lesion, described as erythema chronicum migrans. 4 more patients had been bitten by ticks in the weeks before onset of symptoms. The patients had profound fatigue, malaise, and weight-loss. Half had fever, usually moderate. The neurological abnormalities included aseptic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (mostly facial-nerve paralysis), motor and sensory peripheral radiculoneuropathy, and myelitis. The patients improved or recovered, sometimes dramatically, during a 2-week course of intravenous penicillin G.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

100 cases of spontaneous intracerebral haematoma. Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

100 consecutive cases of spontaneous intracerebral haematomas are reported, all examined by computerized tomography (CT). Exact siting of the haemorrhages was obtained, their expansion and volumes were calculated. 36 patients were operated upon. 63 survivors were followed up in respect of disablement and social rehabilitation. Almost half of the haematomas had volumes below 10 cm3 which, without CT would probably have escaped notice. The prognosis was predicted by the level of consciousness, the volume of the haematoma and its location. The total mortality was 37%, 35% returned to work, 6% required institutional care. Indications for operation are outlined, based on our observations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment after transient ischemic attacks: a comparison between anticoagulant drug and inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Treatment with an anticoagulant (AC) or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), chosen at random, was given to 241 patients with symptoms of carotid transient attacks of ischemia, some of whom recovered completely within 24 hours (TIA) while the others had slight residual symptoms (TIA-IR). Cerebral infarction was recorded in 4 patients in each of these treatment groups during a mean follow-up period of 20 months. The incidences of TIA and TIA-IR were also similar in the two groups. Severe hemorrhage occurred more often in the AC group, whereas other side reactions, including gastrointestinal disorders, were more common in the ASA group. Recurrent cerebral ischemic events were significantly more common among the patients that had had greater than or equal to 2 TIAs in the 14 days immediately preceding randomization, and in those with a history of CVS symptoms more than 14 days before randomization, or those with a carotid bruits. In the group experiencing greater than or equal to 2 TIAs in the 14 days prior to randomization the incidence of recurrent cerebral ischemic events was the same for the two types of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic meningitis and Lyme disease in Sweden.

We studied 35 patients with chronic meningitis. The neurological abnormalities included aseptic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (mostly facial palsy), motor and sensory peripheral radiculoneuropathy, and myelitis. Neurological symptoms were sometimes preceded by erythema chronicum migrans or an insect bite and were often accompanied by fever, malaise, profound fatigue, and weight loss. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities consisted of a predominantly mononuclear pleocytosis, an elevated CSF protein (mean 2.3 g/l), intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal immunoglobulin G, and, in half of the patients, a fall in the CSF/blood glucose ratio. High antibody titers to the Lyme spirochete and the Swedish Ixodes ricinus spirochete were demonstrated by immunofluorescence in 26 of the 35 patients. By imprint immunofixation of electrofocused samples of serum and CSF, intrathecal production of oligoclonal Lyme-spirochete-specific IgG was demonstrated in one patient with chronic meningitis. Four sequential paired samples of serum and CSF from this patient showed local synthesis of spirochete-specific antibodies in CSF. The 35 patients improved or recovered, sometimes dramatically, during a two-week course of intravenous penicillin G.

Adolescent↗