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Biomedical subjects

A Gógl

Publications and source records attributed to A Gógl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

A prospective multicenter study of insulin and glucagon infusion therapy in acute alcoholic hepatitis.

A randomized, single-blind controlled multicenter study of insulin and glucagon infusion was carried out in 66 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis. Thirty-three patients were treated with insulin 10 U and glucagon 1 mg in 500 ml 5% glucose in water via a peripheral vein for 2-6 h three times every day for 3 weeks. Patients in the control group received 5% glucose in an identical fashion. Fourteen control patients and five treated patients died from liver failure during the study (P less than 0.02). Clinical features of liver disease on entry into the study were similar in the two groups, but the total serum bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activities and prothrombin time significantly improved in the treated patients (P less than 0.05). Insulin and glucagon infusion appears to be a promising treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Experimental models for the study of hepatoprotection.

In the therapy of chronic liver diseases several drugs are currently used. This review summarizes the results of the authors in the therapy of chronic liver diseases with cyanidanol-3, as well as the beneficial effects of the new dihydroquinoline-type antioxidants in acute carbon tetrachloride induced and galactosamine induced liver lesions. In addition, the immunostimulant effects of Aicaphosphate is demonstrated in chronic active hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Enzyme induction in man: a study of the inducible systems of drug elimination.

The individual enzyme inducibility was studied with methods of menthol loading and sulphobromophthalein in groups of patients with low and average metabolism. Both methods are suitable for testing inducible conjugation systems by providing indirect information on the rate of drug elimination. In the low-metabolism groups the response in per cent correlated inversely with the initial value, and the changes were significant not only in the low but also in the average-metabolism group at the end of 30 days of phenobarbital treatment. The results are discussed with regard to the avoidability of undesired drug effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Enzyme-inductive effect of a hypolipidemic compound N-bis-(p-chlorophenoxy)-acetyl-urea in man and rat.

Besides its antilipidaemic effect, the new clofibric acid derivative (N-bis-(p-chlorohenoxy)-acetyl-urea) has an enzyme-inductive effect. The drug was administered (100 mg/kg orally) to male, Wistar rats for three days. The treatment raised the weight of the liver, the content of liver microsomal protein and cytochrome p-450 and shortened the hexobarbital sleeping time. The increase of cytochrome p-450 dependent biotransformation was found by in vitro methods in 9000-g supernatant of liver homogenate. There was a growth in biotransformation of substrates of type I (ethylmorphine, aminopyrine) and an extreme increase in reduction of nitrobenzene. We did not find any change in biotransformation of the type-II substrate aniline. In 16 patients suffering from Gilbert's syndrome, there was a decrease in the level of serum bilirubin, and increase of D-glucuric-acid output in urine and bromsulphophthalein transport maximum following the treatment of this drug given in 150 mg/day orally for three weeks. After this treatment, the level of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptides did not change. The authors highly recommend the serious consideration of metabolic interaction during the clinical application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Bile flow and biliary excretion rate of some organic anions in phenobarbital-pretreated rats.

Bile flow and the biliary excretion of indocyanine green, bromcresol green, eosine, bromsulphthalein-glutathione conjugate (BSP-GSH), amaranth and iodoxamic acid were investigated in control and phenobarbital-pretreated rats (75 mg/kg i.p. daily for 5 days). The bile flow was increased by phenobarbital from an average of 50.6 to 77.7 microliter/kg/min. Depending on the dose, the biliary excretion rate of bromcresol green was increased by 48-496% and that of eosine by 30-149%. After phenobarbital pretreatment the excretion of BSP-GSH was also enhanced by 34-52%, that of amaranth by 37-53% and that of iodoxamic acid by 40-56%. However, the biliary excretion of indocyanine green remained unchanged. There was no parallelism between the increase in bile flow and biliary excretion of the drugs.

Amaranth Dye↗
PubMed1978

Study of the activity of antithrombin-III in latent cholestasis. (A clinico-pharmacological study of the relationship between antithrombin-III activity and steroid cholestasis).

The relationship between steroid cholestasis and antithrombin-III activity were examined in users of oral contraceptives (Infecundin or Bisecurin) and in patients receiving anabolic hormone therapy (Nerobol). The control group for the oral contraceptive users consisted of patients with spontaneous anovulation. The untreated control group consisted of healthy women in the reproductive age. The increase in antithrombin-III activity was found to be directly related to the decline of anion excretion. Latent cholestasis in itself is not associated with an increased antithrombin-III activity, nor is the activity of antithrombin-III affected by long-continued use of those anabolic steroids which produce no decrease in anion excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hepatic transport of sulphobromphthalein and sulphobromphthalein-glutathione conjugate in control and phenobarbital-pretreated rats.

The biliary excretion of intravenously administered sulphobromphthalein (BSP) and sulphobromphthalein-glutathione conjugate (BSP-GSH) has been studied in control and phenobarbital-pretreated rats (75 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily for five days). Hepatic utake and biliary excretion of free BSP have been investigated in rats pretreated with diethyl maleate (DEM), which depletes the liver of glutathione (GSH) and therefore inhibits the conjugation of BSP with GSH. Phenobarbital pretreatment caused no significant change in the hepatic uptake of BSP or BSP-GSH. The conjugation of BSP and GSH in phenobarbital-preatreated rats was significantly faster than in the controls. The biliary excretion of free BSP was unchanged after phenobarbital induction, but significantly more BSP-GSH was excreted than in the controls. Thus, both the faster conjugation and the enhanced transport of BSP-GSH into the bile canaliculi were responsible for the increased biliary excretion of BSP in phenobarbital pretreated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Chronic active hepatitis in patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigenemia.

This study was designed to compare the clinical and immunological characteristics of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative (cryptogenic) forms of chronic active hepatitis. The data of 48 patients with chronic active hepatitis, 24 with persistent HBs antigenemia and 24 without HBsAg, were analysed. HBsAg was detected by counter-immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay. The clinical features, biochemical liver function tests, immunoglobulins, complement C3, antoantibodies, and cell-mediated immunoreactivity of the two forms of the disease were compared. Cirrhosis was found to occur more frequently at the time of diagnosis in the HBsAg-negative group, and the serum alkaline phosphatase level was raised significantly compared to the HBsAg-positive form. The elevation of the IgG level was greater in the cryptogenic form, but the difference was not statistically significant compared to the HBsAg-positive patients. There was a marked difference in the frequency of the mitochondrial antibodies, but not of the antinuclear factor and other autoantibody-like serum factors. Lymphoblastic transformation revealed a similar diminution in response to phytohaemagglutinin stimulation in both groups of patients compared to the normal controls. An increase of the 3H-thymidine incorporation was seen after stimulation with human liver mitochondrial antigen, and leukocyte migration inhibition could be observed with this antigen in both forms of chronic active hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Influence of phenobarbital pretreatment on biliary rose bengal excretion in rats.

Plasma concentration, hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of intravenously administered rose bengal was determined in rats pretreated with phenobarbital (50 mg/kg) daily, for four days). After an initial (0--16 min) rapid fall in plasma rose bengal concentration caused by hepatic uptake of the dye, the curves in control and pretreated rats did not differ from each other either after administration of a small (5 mg/kg) or a large (50 mg/kg) dose. Hepatic rose bengal concentration was significantly lower in pretreated animals than in the control group. Since liver weight was higher in the phenobarbital pretreated animals than in the controls, the total amount of rose bengal taken up by the liver did not differ in the two groups. The biliary excretion of low dose (5 mg/kg) rose bengal was significantly higher in phenobarbital pretreated than in the control rats but with doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg no difference was observed. These doses of rose bengal diminished the increased bile flow caused by phenobarbital.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Iron turnover in chronic hepatitis.

Radioisotope studies of iron kinetics carried out in patients with chronic hepatitis yielded the following results. Serum iron level and free iron binding capacity showed little difference from the normal mean value. All three types studied (chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis) revealed an abnormal distribution of iron in the first 24 hours. Normalization of iron distribution ensued in persistent hepatitis and in chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis, but in chronic active hepatitis the abnormal distribution persisted, as reflected by a decreased iron utilization and an increased iron storage in the liver. The cause of this is attributed to a transitory accumulation of ferritin in the liver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: its clinical significance.

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) level was estimated in 132 patients with different liver diseases (chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, postnecrotic cirrhosis, chronic alcholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis, cholestasis syndrome, fatty liver, Gilbert disease) and malignancies with and without liver involvement. The gamma-GT levels were compared with the values for serum bilirubin, transaminases (GOT, GPT) and alkaline phosphatase in the same patients. gamma-GT values were normal in chronic persistent hepatitis and increased in chronic active hepatitis. Very high activities were measured in chronic alcoholic cirrhosis in contrast to postnecrotic cirrhosis. gamma-GT proved to be more sensitive than alkaline phosphate as an index of cholestasis and liver involvement in malignancies. It is suggested that gamma-GT activity offers valuable aid in differential diagnostics of liver-diseases. gamma-GT being an inducible enzyme, its activity may be raised by enzyme inducing drugs also in subjects without liver disease.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1975

Clinical and immunological findings in hepatitis B antigen-positive and hepatitis B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis.

The clinical, biochemical and immunological data of 24 hepatitis B antigen-positive and 24 hepatitis B antigen-negative patients have been compared. In B antigen-positive hepatitis, being mostly the disease of males, an acute onset was frequent and perceivable cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis not frequent. In B antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis, in addition to the predominance of females, a "primary chronic" process, cirrhosis, elevated ESR, immunocytopenia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and IgG levels were more frequent. As regards the positivity of humoral and cellular autoimmune reactions and the impairment of normal cellular immune activity, no essential differences were found between the two forms of the disease. It is concluded that though the two clinical conditions represent diseases different in aetiology and manifesting with certain clinical and biochemical differences the role of immunological factors may equally be important in their pathogenesis.

Adult↗