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Biomedical subjects

A Galera

Publications and source records attributed to A Galera.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Vascular access guidelines for hemodialysis].

Quality of vascular access (VA) has a remarkable influence in hemodialysis patients outcomes. Dysfunction of VA represents a capital cause of morbi-mortality of these patients as well an increase in economical. Spanish Society of Neprhology, aware of the problem, has decided to carry out a revision of the issue with the aim of providing help in comprehensión and treatment related with VA problems, and achieving an homogenization of practices in three mayor aspects: to increase arteriovenous fistula utilization as first vascular access, to increment vascular access monitoring practice and rationalise central catheters use. We present a consensus document elaborated by a multidisciplinar group composed by nephrologists, vascular surgeons, interventional radiologysts, infectious diseases specialists and nephrological nurses. Along six chapters that cover patient education, creation of VA, care, monitoring, complications and central catheters, we present the state of the art and propose guidelines for the best practice, according different evidence based degrees, with the intention to provide help at the professionals in order to make aproppiate decissions. Several quality standars are also included.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

[The botanical project of the Malaspina expedition].

Concluding the XVIIIth century, the monarchy of Carlos III patronizes the expedition Malaspina with the goal of exploring the continents of America, Asia and Oceania. On their political aspect the journey persecuted the reformation of the obsolescent colonial Spanish model, and in their scientific facet the development of a project of investigation in agreement with the European interests. Our goal is to define the botanical studies accomplished by the naturalists of the expedition Malaspina in relationship with the scientific policy that from the Royal Botanical Garden from Madrid the Spanish crown projected for their overseas territories.

Americas↗
PubMed1994

Choice of dialysis membrane does not influence the outcome of residual renal function in haemodialysis patients.

It has been recently proposed that haemodialysis membrane choice may influence the maintenance of residual renal function. The aim of the present study was to prospectively analyse the effect of membrane choice on the outcome of renal function in patients entering a chronic haemodialysis programme. Twenty-two patients from four hospitals have been randomly assigned to be dialysed with either polysulphone (PSF)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) (group A; n = 9), or cuprophane membranes (group B; n = 13). Basal and monthly serum biochemistry, residual creatinine clearance (Ccr) and urine volume (Vu), pharmacological and dialytic treatment, diet, and haemodialysis-related complications were recorded. A significant decrease was observed in the two most relevant variables, i.e. remnant Ccr and Vu, within 3 months of starting haemodialysis, with stabilization during the further follow-up. Such decrease was similar (P NS) for both groups A and B throughout the 9-month observation period. In conclusion, our results suggest that the choice of haemodialysis membrane does not influence the outcome of the residual renal function. Renal function decreased significantly within 3 months on haemodialysis, independently of the type of dialyser membrane.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1994

Monophosphoryl lipid A protects against gram-positive sepsis and tumor necrosis factor.

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is a less toxic derivative of lipid A that enhances survival from endotoxemia. This study examined whether MPL induced resistance to Gram-positive sepsis and cytokines. Mice were administered MPL or saline (phosphate-buffered saline) and challenged 24 h later with live Staphylococcus aureus (SA), staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Survival was determined at 72 h. A separate set of animals was phlebotomized for determination of cytokines. MPL increased survival from S. aureus bacteremia from 20 to 87% (p < .05). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and TNF were also significantly decreased. SEB and TSST survival were enhanced from 10 to 90% (p < .05). In SEB-treated animals, TNF and IL-6 levels were significantly decreased. Survival from TNF infusion was increased from 20 to 100% with MPL, however, no significant differences in cytokines were observed. These data suggest that MPL induces resistance to Gram-positive sepsis and cytokine-mediated activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The biological time].

Fabio Colonna's De glossopetris dissertatio is part of the biological time. Announces the dawn of a paleontology that understood nature as a closed and orderly system ruled by a perfect, natural codex. The Neapolitan intellectual climate, characteristic of the transit from XVIIth to XVIIIth century, converge in a process of institutionalization of science.

Biology↗
PubMed1993

Liver disease patterns in hemodialysis patients with antibodies to hepatitis C virus.

The present study correlated histopathology and diagnostic tests in hemodialysis patients with serologic markers for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Hepatitis C virus infection was found in 65 of 163 patients, as assessed by anti-c100-3 (ELISA 1), anti-c22-3, c33C (ELISA 2), and RIBA 2. Several histopathologic patterns were found in 33 liver samples from HCV-positive individuals: cirrhosis (n = 3), chronic active hepatitis (n = 14), chronic persistent hepatitis (n = 2), isolated hemosiderosis (n = 5), reactive hepatitis (n = 6), and others (n = 3). There was a positive correlation between time from the first aminotransferase peak and histologic damage (P = 0.015). However, the severity of liver disease did not correlate with the intensity of RIBA 2 positivity, mean levels or pattern of aminotransferases elevation, or markers of past hepatitis B virus infection. Moreover, aminotransferases were persistently normal in three patients with severe liver disease and were elevated in 10 patients with only mild changes. In 19 biopsied patients, the presence of plasma HCV RNA was examined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which was positive in 15 of the 19 biopsy specimens. The ability of PCR positivity to predict the histologic severity of the disease was insufficient: four patients with minor liver damage had positive PCR and two patients with significant liver damage had negative PCR. No further correlations of PCR positivity were found with the other biochemical or immunologic markers of HCV infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Three year prospective follow up of the peritoneal access.

Peritoneal access-related complications were prospectively studied in 54 peritoneal catheters placed in 49 patients between January 1994 and December 96 in a single centre. There were no perioperative complications. Five (9%) catheters were removed because of catheter-derived complications (3 outflow obstruction, 2 leak), 4 (7.4%) because of peritonitis and 1 was spontaneously extruded. Complications included 4 (7.4%) migrations with outflow obstruction, 6 (11%) leaks and 27 episodes of exit site infection occurring in 16 (30%) catheters. Six catheters suffered more than one infection. Exit site infection in the first month after catheter placement is a risk factor for multiple exit site infections by different bacteria and for catheter removal.

Catheters, Indwelling↗