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Biomedical subjects

A Gamroth

Publications and source records attributed to A Gamroth.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Primary carcinoid of the choledochus].

The differential diagnosis of obstructive disease processes of the common bile duct can be very difficult even when sonography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and angiography are applied. In most cases, morphological changes are due to stones or carcinoma. We report on a case of a carcinoid tumor located in the intrapancreatic part of the common bile duct. Exact localization, delineation and demonstration of the local extension of such a tumor requires at least ERCP and angiography, as these are the most efficient imaging techniques for these purposes.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Evaluation of intrapulmonary round foci using thin-layer computed tomography].

100 patients with 122 round pulmonary lesions were examined preoperatively by CT, using either 8 mm or 2 mm sections. The most important findings were: radial extensions were seen on the fine sections in 95% of primary bronchial carcinomas (48 cases), in 60% of lung metastases (31 cases) and in 70% of chronic inflammatory lesions (24 cases), but they were not seen in benign tumours or hamartomas. Similar findings were observed for perifocal consolidation. Calcification was found in 80% of the tuberculomas (15 cases) and in 37% of the hamartomas (8 cases), but it also occurred in 15% of the primary bronchial carcinomas and in almost 13% of the lung metastases. Thin section CT provided more information than did 8 mm sections in 44% patients, concerning the outline of the lesion, and in 60% it was better at showing calcification. It was not possible to define a pattern of calcification which would distinguish benign from malignant lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Primary and secondary chest wall tumors--new imaging procedures].

For the diagnostic evaluation of chest wall tumours computed tomography, bone scintigraphy, sonography and magnetic resonance tomography as additional imaging methods are available. CT has the greatest clinical relevance; the most important advantage of CT is the exact topographic localization of the process and the evaluation of the soft tissue extension. A tumour specific diagnosis can only be expected on rare occasions. Bone scanning is the method of choice if destruction of the skeletal system is suspected.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Differential computed tomographic diagnosis of cavity-forming space-occupying lesions of the lung].

One hundred cavitating pulmonary foci were examined by CT; the appearances have been analysed and compared with the histological findings. Three types of disease have been characterised: bronchial carcinomas, lung metastases and benign lesions. Compared with benign lesions, malignant disease shows a significantly higher incidence of cystic or multiple cavities: thick cavity walls; radiation of tumour tissue; enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes; ipsilateral displacement of the mediastinum; intrapulmonary satellite foci and infiltration of the thoracic wall. Morphologically, tumours can be most easily distinguished from metastases by their ill-defined outer contours. Non-epidermoid primary lung tumours have a higher incidence of pleural effusions and other pleural reactions than have tumours of other origins. 80% of cavitating lung tumours are squamous cell carcinomas, the remaining 20% consist of adeno- and large cell carcinomas. Small cell carcinomas practically never show cavitation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Intracranial manifestation of lymphomatoid granulomatosis (Liebow's disease)].

An intracranial manifestation of lymphomatoid granulomatosis occurs in 20% of patients. In the case of a 56-year-old patient it is shown that a relative long period can pass from the first neurological symptoms to histological diagnosis by stereotactic brain puncture. Over 15 months, follow-up studies were performed using computed tomography and magnetic resonance.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Axial myopia--computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography findings].

The case of a 44-year-old women suffering from amblyopia of the left eye with unilateral proptosis caused by axial (progressive) myopia is presented. The clinical and radiological findings were discussed in reference to the literature. The diagnosis was established by ruling out neoplastic, inflammatory or endocrine causes for the exophthalmos. CT and MR scans revealed an enlarged left globe without evidence of orbital masses. The findings were regarded as typical for the diagnosis of axial myopia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Cystic craniopharyngiomas: computed tomography in the pretherapeutic evaluation and control of treatment results following intracystic contact irradiation].

A report is given on the treatment planning by computed tomography and monitoring in 37 cases of preponderantly cystic craniopharyngiomas with different solid tumor parts. Colloidal yttrium 90 silicate was used for the intracystic contact irradiation. Two pretherapeutic forms of the solid tumor parts were found in CT examination which correlated with different courses: 1. the polymorphic type and 2. the type with a smooth outline. A posttherapeutic decrease of the cystic volume was observed in 74% of type 1 cases (n = 19) and in 89% of type 2 cases (n = 18). An increase in volume was only found in type 1 (21%). An increase of the solid tumor part was also found exclusively in the polymorphic type (68%). An additional external irradiation should be considered for this CT manifestation of the tumor, as the solid tumor part is not exposed in intracystic contact irradiation.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1987

[Thin-section computerized tomography of the skull base].

High-resolution CT images of the skull base are depicted and anatomical structures are described. A large variety of osseous and soft tissue structures can be differentiated in the temporal bone, nasopharynx and orbita. Knowledge of the anatomical structures is essential for the recognition of pathological changes and also plays an essential role for the radiologist involved in diagnosis.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMed1987

[Computerized tomography aspect of empyema necessitatis].

In two case reports the development of an empyema necessitatis in the course of long-standing tuberculosis and after pneumonectomy because of lung carcinoma is presented. The computer tomographic aspect and the differential diagnosis are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Pancreatic pseudoaneurysm and spurious aneurysm of the splenic artery--diagnosis by angio-CT and ultrasound].

Pseudoaneurysm of the pancreas is a severe complication secondary to pancreatitis. The splenic artery is most often involved, followed by the pancreaticoduodenal vessels and the gastroduodenal artery. Selective arteriography is considered the method of choice in preoperative diagnosis. In a patient with chronic pancreatitis angio-CT and ultrasound allow a definitive diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm of the splenic artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[The significance of computer tomography in the diagnosis, planning, therapy planning and control of the therapy of malignant lymphomas].

Staging of malignant lymphomas is significantly improved by computed tomography. This method not only visualizes enlarged lymph nodes, but also enables the assessment of organs which could also be affected within the overall underlying disease. Accuracy of diagnosis of computed tomography is between 80 and 95%, depending upon the examined area. The distance between the cuts, as well as contrast enhancement of the intestine and the vessels are major factors in promoting the accuracy of diagnosis. In addition, computed tomography represents a safe and non-invasive tool in therapy planning and control.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1983

[Angio-CT: an improvement in the diagnosis of malignant liver diseases].

Dynamic contrast studies of the liver make it possible to evaluate the vascularity of liver metastases. Up to the present, the examination has only been carried out in single planes, whereas studies of the whole of the liver during one examination have not yet been published. This can be obtained by performing sequential CT (angio-CT), using special software. A clinical study of the value of the procedure has been undertaken on 64 patients with suspected liver metastases. In addition to the plain scans, the examination was repeated during the early phase of a bolus injection and subsequently ten minutes after injection (enhancement). The various structures which can be seen are described and the changes in density patterns have been interpreted according to contrast kinetics derived from nephrographic examinations. The advantages of angio-CT as compared with plain films and with scans after normal contrast infusions are described. The improved sensitivity and specificity obtained by using the three modes of examination, as compared with a single examination, is stressed.

Breast Neoplasms↗