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Biomedical subjects

A Gasparaitis

Publications and source records attributed to A Gasparaitis.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Chronic intermittent intestinal obstruction from a seat belt injury.

Most patients with intestinal obstruction have had previous surgery. Rarely, the development of adhesions and resulting small bowel obstruction is attributed to previous intra-abdominal trauma. We present the case of a young man, without a history of surgery, who had been a restrained driver in a motor vehicle crash. Seven years later, the patient had an intermittent partial small bowel obstruction that recurred over the next 5 years. We review the pathophysiology and epidemiology of similar occurrences, as well as diagnostic options.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1996

Endorectal color Doppler imaging of primary and recurrent rectal wall tumors: preliminary experience.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to assess whether color Doppler imaging is a useful adjunct to endorectal sonography in evaluating rectal wall neoplasms and in distinguishing recurrent or residual tumor from postoperative changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients underwent endorectal sonography with color Doppler imaging for one of two indications: evaluation and staging of a suspected primary rectal wall cancer, or distinguishing tumor recurrence from postoperative scarring in patients with previously resected lesions. Rectal wall lesions were evaluated for hypervascularity, and their corresponding flow patterns were graded from 0 to 4. Local tumor staging with endorectal sonography and color Doppler imaging was performed before the results of pathological staging were available. RESULTS: Ninety-five percent of patients with malignant rectal wall tumors demonstrated hypervascularity during color Doppler imaging. In 61% of patients with rectal cancers, prominent perirectal vessels were identified supplying the tumor and were never identified in patients with benign lesions. Endorectal sonography alone correctly identified perirectal fat invasion with a 100% sensitivity and an 83% specificity. Color Doppler imaging during endorectal sonography correctly identified perirectal fat invasion with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 83%. Of the 8 patients with previously resected lesions (five adenomas and three cancers), two patients had recurrent tumor, and both of these demonstrated grade 3 abnormality. Six patients with biopsy-proven fibrosis only had grades of 0 or 1. CONCLUSIONS: Both benign and malignant rectal wall tumors demonstrate abnormal intratumoral hypervascularity when seen with color Doppler imaging. Advanced rectal cancers (T3 or greater) are also associated with abnormal perirectal vascularity. Color Doppler imaging during endorectal sonography does not appear to improve discrimination of benign from T2 (or less) rectal wall cancers, nor does it appear to improve the ability to locally stage rectal wall cancers during endorectal sonography. However, endorectal sonography with color Doppler imaging may add significant information in distinguishing recurrent tumor from postsurgical scarring.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Acoustic rhinometric measurements of changes in velar positioning.

Acoustic rhinometry as a means to detect changes in velar position was examined in this study. Videofluoroscopic recordings were made of two normal speakers maintaining velopharyngeal open and velopharyngeal closed (silent /f/) targets. Simultaneous acoustic rhinometric recordings were made during the production of each stimulus. Determinations of changes in velar positioning during the closed samples were made from fluoroscopic recordings and compared to nasal cavity-nasopharynx changes detected by rhinometry. The excellent agreement between the measures from the two procedures (less than 1 cm) indicates that acoustic rhinometry is capable of detecting changes in velar positioning during "silent" speech. Implications for assessment and future research are discussed.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1990

Indium 111-labeled granulocyte scan in the diagnosis and management of acute inflammatory bowel disease.

The indium 111 granulocyte scan was used to evaluate 39 individuals known to have or suspected of having inflammatory bowel disease. Twenty-three of these individuals had positive scans and 16 had negative scans. Eighty-seven confirmatory studies, which consisted of barium radiography, endoscopy, operative findings, and histopathology, were performed in 37 of these individuals. The remaining two negative scans corroborated only by clinical course, CBC, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In addition, 10 follow-up scans were performed in six of the 39 patients to monitor therapy or investigate a change in symptoms. As an anatomic indicator of acute granulocytic infiltration of the intestinal lamina propria and crypts, the authors found that this scan had a 97 percent rate of sensitivity and 100 percent specificity. Specific indications for the use of the indium 111-labeled granulocyte scan are described. For the authors, in general, this test has become a vital adjunct to endoscopy and radiography in the diagnosis and management of patients with symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Splenic penetration by benign gastric ulcer: preoperative recognition with CT.

Penetration of the spleen by a benign gastric ulcer is rare, but when it occurs there is a high probability of hemorrhage. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of the preoperative diagnosis of this entity. We encountered two cases which, in retrospect, could have been predicted from abdominal computed tomographic (CT) findings. Familiarity with this entity and with its appearance on CT may allow prospective detection and aggressive treatment before life-threatening complications develop.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical course of typhoid in the Heidelberg region (author's transl)].

In the course of a typhoid epidemic during the autumn of 1974 in the Heidelberg region 74 persons were treated in hospital. Chloramphenicol was give to 45, ampicillin to 19. The former, in daily doses of 2.0 g, gave worse results if given for only two instead of three weeks. In comparison, ampicillin was less effective. A second course of treatment became necessary in 13 patients, with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (Bactrim) being succesful in all, although the follow-up period is still too short for definitive results. Three complications occurred: one case of massive bleeding from the gut requiring operation and followed some weeks later by a HBS-antigen-negative hepatitis; one case of typhoma (several weeks after the end of antibiotic treatment), requiring operative removal; a case of febrile abortion in the second month of pregnancy.

Abortion, Septic↗