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Biomedical subjects

A Gatti

Publications and source records attributed to A Gatti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the European Community. III. The control of preanalytical factors in the biomonitoring of trace elements in biological fluids.

In the context of a programme concerning the determination of trace elements in body fluids and tissues to establish trace element reference values, research has been undertaken on the control of preanalytical factors in order to develop sufficiently accurate and precise guidelines to be applied in routine work by using techniques such as graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). Aspects investigated are related to the risk of contamination during blood collection and the use of anticoagulants; the risk of losses during storage and freeze-drying as well as the possible risk of contamination arising from trace elements in airborne particulates of the laboratory environment. For the analysis of Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sb, W, V and Zn in blood, Teflon cannula is the method of choice. The anticoagulants do not introduce disturbing contaminations of Rb, Se, Zn, while contaminations were observed for Co, Cr, Mn. Radiotracers in 'metabolized form' (radiolabelled rat or rabbit tissues from animals administered with radioisotopes) show that samples stored for 1 month at -20 degrees C have no significant trace metal losses. Strict ambient air quality standard has to be respected (continuous monitoring) due to the possibility of element contaminations inside the laboratory. The use of matrix modifiers could represent a toxicological risk to the operators. Critical factors should be considered ('metal sheets') for each element in each matrix. For instance 27 factors for Cr in serum have been suggested.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

[Mechanical staplers. Personal experience].

The Authors briefly summarise their experience of using various types of mechanical staplers in abdominal and thoracic surgery with excellent results both in general and in terms of reducing operating times.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Stimulation of adenylate cyclase by amylin in CHO-K1 cells.

The CHO-K1 cell line responds to the peptide amylin by a rapid elevation of cAMP. The related peptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is 100 times less potent at stimulating adenylate cyclase than is amylin. The actions of amylin at this receptor are concentration dependent and not antagonized by the CGRP antagonist CGRP-(8-37). Although these cells have receptors for calcitonin, amylin is unable to take part in any high affinity interaction with these receptors, as assessed by radioligand binding. The CHO-K1 cell line has receptors for amylin that are distinct from those for calcitonin and CGRP.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1992

[Therapy of advanced prostatic carcinoma: personal experience].

The treatment of the prostatic carcinoma is an open problem. Nowadays the medical and/or endoscopic therapy combines with the surgical therapy by means of the radical prostatectomy. This work presents the experience of the team of Desenzano (BS) and their position, which, in accordance with many authors, underlines the validity of the radical prostatectomy, in those cases of tumor at stage D 1, in order to reduce the progression of the disease and to prolong the survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Sequential nimodipine-reduced glutathione treatment in alcoholic abstinence syndrome. Preliminary experience].

Alcohol abstinence syndrome (AAS) occurs in alcohol dependent patients a few hours after ceasing to drink, first in the form of gastrointestinal and dysvegetative signs, then with the involvement of neurological functions. The results obtained in 15 patients selected according to DSM III criteria, treated with nimodipine (calcium entry blocker) in the acute phase and with reduced glutathione in the subacute phase are presented. All patients who, during treatment, did not take other drugs, showed a definite, fast improvement in symptoms, especially in neurovegetative symptoms. Administration of nimodipine, which seems capable of reducing the catecholaminergic drive, was very well tolerated. Treatment with reduced glutathione is justified by the fact that the inadequate intake of alcohol is responsible for liver changes and, particularly, for a significant reduction in liver levels of glutathione, a condition that makes the cell more exposed to attack on the part of substances that activate lipoperoxidation processes. The results obtained seem to confirm a protective action on the part of reduced glutathione.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of ketanserin on glucose metabolism in hypertensive diabetic subjects].

In this report the Authors have verified the effects of Ketanserin on glycaemic metabolism of type II diabetic subjects with a moderately high blood pressure. They think that a therapeutic dose of drug is not able to considerably inhibit insulin production. The Authors can assert that the Ketanserin does not influence the glycaemic regulation by therapeutic dose, neither does it increase the diabetic disease, nor disturb the oral hypoglycaemic therapy though it normalizes high blood pressure.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the effect of picotamide on platelet function in diabetic subjects].

In this study the Authors verify the results of Picotamide on platelet aggregation in diabetic subjects. The results suggest that Picotamide has no influence on insulin or oral treatment of diabetic subjects. However, it is certain that platelet aggregation by ADP or collagen decreases due to the effect on thromboxane probably because of the limitation of platelet receptors.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Experimental osteoporosis in the rat induced by a hypocalcic diet.

The administration of a diet deficient in calcium in the rat quickly produces a reduction in the skeletal mass, with narrowing of the diaphyseal cortex, and less density of the metaphysis. The bone mineral content, determined by a double ray photonic mineralometer, is significantly lower as compared to controls, while histological examination does not reveal defects in calcification. The pathogenetic mechanism is characterised by stimulation of the parathyroid glands in response to a decrease in plasma calcium determined by the insufficient diet. We observed a bone response in two phases: the first, with elevated velocity of remodelling and prevalence of osteoclastic resorption despite the presence of intense osteoblastic activity; the second, with reduced bone remodelling (except for the metaphyseal area). Although these observations do not imply that human osteoporosis involves the same pathogenetic mechanism, it appears possible to use this experimental model to study the effects of endocrine and pharmacological factors on the activity of bone remodelling, which also in human osteoporosis is characterised by the prevalence of osteoclastic resorption.

Animals↗