Biomedical subjects

A Giard

Publications and source records attributed to A Giard.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Rectal tissue, plasma and urine concentrations of mesalazine after single and multiple administrations of 500 mg suppositories to healthy volunteers and ulcerative proctitis patients.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with ulcerative proctitis may have rectal mucosal properties different from healthy volunteers. This project compared the pharmacokinetics of rectally administered mesalazine in these two populations. METHODS: In two separate studies, nine patients with ulcerative proctitis and 16 healthy volunteers received a single 500 mg mesalazine suppository and then 500 mg every 8 h for 5 days. Blood samples were collected for 12 h in healthy volunteers and 30 h in patients, and urine for 24 h in healthy volunteers and 30 h in patients. Rectal biopsies were performed 8 h after the last dose. RESULTS: After a single dose to patients, mean mesalazine half-life (s.d.) was 5.0 (3.6) h. At steady-state, means (s.d.) were 89.1 (78.9) ng/mL for C(min), 361.1 (240.8) ng/mL for C(max), and 7.1 (7.3) h for half-life. Mean (range) rectal mesalazine concentrations were 167 (1.4-541.6) ng/mg tissue. After a single dose in healthy volunteers, mean (s.d.) half-life was 4.0 (4.7) h. At steady-state, means (s.d.) were 22.4 (61.6) ng/mL for C(min), 359.4 (166.3) ng/mL for C(max), and 0.9 (0.5) h for half-life. CONCLUSION: Mesalazine is released in the rectum of patients, with a bioavailability of about 40%. Tissue distribution is also appreciable. Both parameters appear higher than in healthy volunteers.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Appendicitis is a place for clinical judgement.

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis remains a clinical entity. Reports of negative appendectomies range from 9% to 40%. The goal of this study is to evaluate clinical performance and factors associated with complicated appendicitis. METHODS: Records of patients with a preoperative or postoperative diagnosis of appendicitis between January 1994 and December 1997 were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data were collected. Multivariate analysis was carried out by logistical regression. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-seven consecutive cases were reviewed (male 132, female 105). The mean age was 31.4 +/- 16.8. Twenty-three cases had other surgical conditions. In the remaining cases (n = 214), 127 (59.4%) had noncomplicated appendicitis, 69 (32.2%) had complicated appendicitis, and 18 (8.4%) had negative exploration. Delays occurring before first medical consultation were significantly longer in patients with complicated appendicitis (3.30 days) and negative exploration (3.00 days) compared to patients with noncomplicated appendicitis (1.24 days) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Acceptable rates of negative appendix and complicated appendicitis can be obtained from clinical data. The presence of complicated appendicitis is primarily associated with a longer delay before first medical consultation.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Digital thermography for the evaluation of the effect of betamethasone in the treatment of acute sinusitis. Preliminary study].

OBJECTIVES: Heat emitted during the process of inflammation can be visualized by means of dynamic telethermography (DDT). In the case of sinusitis, it is possible to verify the efficacy of an anti-inflammatory treatment such as betamethasone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten adult ambulatory patients with sinusitis were treated with 2 tablets of betamethasone (Celestene) 2 mg daily for 10 days without concomitant medications. DDT images were obtained on day 0, day 2, day 3, day 5 and day 10. A color chart indicated differences in temperature according to the selected sensitivity. Computer analysis of the images was then obtained. Clinical assessment of symptoms and tolerance were recorded at the same time-points as the DDt images. RESULTS: The effect of treatment was beneficial in all patients since cure of sinusitis was achieved in 5, with marked improvement in 4 others and fair improvement in 1. Pain was significantly reduced on day 10 compared with day 0 (Friedman's test p < 0.0001). There was a simultaneous reduction of sinusitis associated signs: rhinorrhea, lacrimation, photophobia and cutaneous hyperesthesia as well as of general signs. On the DDT images, right-sinus to right-side and left-sinus to left-side ratios both showed a significant decrease between day 0 and day 10 from 41.00 +/- 14.07 to 7.90 +/- 7.22 (ANOVA p < 0.0001) and from 30.70 +/- 5.20 +/- 6.49 (ANOVA p < 0.0001) respectively. DISCUSSION: Whereas in animal pharmacology inflammation can be evaluated by any number of objective methods, only a very few are applicable to clinical situations. Powerful computer image analysis may prove useful in establishing nature and severity based inflammation reduction standards. CONCLUSION: These preliminary findings demonstrated that in most cases single agent therapy provides adequate and rapid control of clinical and thermographic signs of acute sinusitis. Computer analysis corraborates clinical findings and thermogram interpretations.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

[Color coding in vascular Doppler echography aimed at improving lesion quantification].

Color flow duplex scanning diffusion is now restricted by an expansive cost. Static or dynamic range of a faint endovascular image can better be assessed by mean velocities. Pathologic high velocities allows visualisation of the direction and the width of the jet. The Doppler cursor can be correctly aligned in the jet core and allows accurate measures, and the display of spectral analysis is better with faster computers. Recently, enhancement of low flow analysis is of particular interest in pre-occlusive or occlusive vascular pathology.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗

PubMed1986

[Delayed clinical course of right ventricular infarction. Importance of changed diastolic function].

This observation illustrates once more the possibility of a delayed appearance of clinical manifestations of the infarction of the right ventricle. Morphological analysis during the catheterization provides a means for a detailed presentation of the adiastolic syndrome, stressing the importance of diastolic function of the right ventricle, especially the role of pericardium. The role of pericardial compliance seems to be brought into play by the acute dilatation of the right ventricle during its necrosis consecutive to the thrombosis of the right coronary artery at its genu superius.

Angiocardiography↗

PubMed1979