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Biomedical subjects

A Gilmour

Publications and source records attributed to A Gilmour.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Occurrence of Listeria species in raw milk and dairy products produced in Northern Ireland.

The overall incidence of Listeria spp. in raw milk samples surveyed was found to be 25.0% (Listeria monocytogenes 15.3%), with the incidence in samples from processing centres 54.0% (L. monocytogenes 33.3%); this was higher than that in samples from dairy farms (Listeria spp. 8.8%; L. monocytogenes 5.3%). The FDA enrichment procedure was much more productive than cold enrichment and Oxford agar was superior to modified McBride agar for isolation of Listeria. Listeria monocytogenes was never isolated by direct plating of raw milk samples on Oxford agar at a detection level of 1.0 cfu/ml. Listeria spp. were isolated from 1 of 95 pasteurized milk samples (L. monocytogenes) and 1 of 33 soft cheese samples (L. seeligeri). Restriction fragment length polymorphism was more useful than sero- or phage-typing for typing of L. monocytogenes strains, and results suggest that specific L. monocytogenes strains may persist in both farm and processing environments.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Resin-bonded bridges: 2. Treatment planning, clinical gases and failures.

This is the second paper in the two-part series which considers the developments and clinical techniques of resin-bonded bridges with the emphasis on methods for increasing success from a functional and aesthetic view point. Part 1 focused on the development and types of resin-bonded bridge and tooth preparation. This article describes the clinical application of this type of bridge and discusses failures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Detection of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dried skimmed milk: use of the polymerase chain reaction for amplification and detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes entB and entC1 and the thermonuclease gene nuc.

The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the staphylococcal enterotoxin B and C genes (entB and entC1) and the staphylococcal nuclease gene (nuc). Two sets of primers ("nested primers") were found to be necessary for the detection of low copy numbers of purified DNA in diluent. These allowed detection of ca. 1 fg of purified target DNA, while 100 pg was required before detection of entB, entC1, and nuc with single primer pairs was possible. With nested primers, enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus cells could be detected in artificially contaminated dried skimmed milk samples at levels of ca. 10(5) CFU ml-1 within 8 h. No cross-reaction was observed between the highly homologous entB and entC1 genes. The method showed total specificity for entC1 when tested against a wide variety of other bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Isolation and identification of staphylococci from milk powders produced in Northern Ireland.

Milk powders (37 samples) from five different processing centres (A, B, C, D and E) were examined for total viable counts, total staphylococcal counts and staphylococcal enterotoxins. All powders from centres A, B and C contained low numbers of total viable bacteria and staphylococci but five from centres D and E had high total and staphylococcal counts. Nine different staphylococcal species were encountered in low count powders with a wide range of species occurring at each of the five centres. Three species (Staphylococcus capitis, Staph, saprophyticus and Staph. cohnii) were found whose natural hosts are humans. High count powders all contained added fat of various types and had a much more restricted staphylococcal microflora in which Staph. saprophyticus and Staph. cohnii predominated. None of 384 staphylococcal strains isolated were found to be Staph. aureus. In addition, no enterotoxins were detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An observation of DNA ploidy, histological grade, and immunoreactivity for tumour-related antigens in primary and metastatic breast carcinoma.

A cohort of 36 cases of advanced breast carcinoma were included in the study. DNA ploidy, histological grade, and immunoreactivity for carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), carcino-embryonic antigen with normal cross-reacting antigen (CEA/NCA), and to NCRC-11 were assessed in primary breast carcinomas and metastases from the ovary and axillary lymph nodes. Changes in these variables between primary tumours and their metastases were found in 44 per cent of cases for DNA ploidy, 44 per cent of cases for histological grade, 17 per cent of cases for immunoreactivity to NCRC-11, 28 per cent of cases for CEA, and 56 per cent of cases for CEA/NCA immunoreactivity, respectively. Alteration of one factor appeared to be independent of changes in other factors. The development of clones with metastatic potential does not appear to be related to consistent changes in any one of the factors examined and suggests that none of these factors would be of prognostic value in advanced breast carcinoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Factors influencing the detachment of a polymer-associated Acinetobacter sp. from stainless steel.

The role of an extracellular polymer secreted by an Acinetobacter sp. attached to stainless steel was investigated. Parameters expected to influence polymer conformation, viz. temperature, pH, ionic strength and the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions, were altered and the resulting detached bacteria enumerated. Increasing both the temperature and pH resulted in increased numbers of bacteria detached. The effects of increasing the concentration of sodium chloride up to 100 mM and magnesium or calcium chloride up to 30 mM were small and, although statistically significant, were considered unlikely to have had major influence on the association of the bacteria with the stainless steel surfaces. Treatments including ultraviolet irradiation of surface-associated bacteria always resulted in removal of greater numbers of bacteria when compared to treatments where irradiation was not employed. The results indicate that an adhesive extracellular acidic polysaccharide may mediate the attachment of the Acinetobacter sp. to stainless steel.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1987

The inhibition of Staphylococcus hyicus on a selective medium for staphylococci.

Growth of Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus and Staph. hyicus subsp. chromogenes strains was found to be severely inhibited when broth cultures of these organisms were streaked on Schleifer and Kramer's staphylococcal (SK) medium. Of the selective agents contained in SK medium, potassium thiocyanate was found to be inhibitory towards both subspecies of Staph. hyicus and sodium azide had an additional inhibitory effect on Staph. hyicus subsp. chromogenes. Of six different media supplements examined, sheep blood and Tween 80 were found to improve the growth of both Staph. hyicus subspecies when added to SK medium. These findings were confirmed in subsequent work where the supplemented SK media were used to isolate potential enterotoxin-producing organisms from simulated raw milk (Staph. aureus, Staph. hyicus subsp. hyicus, Staph. hyicus subsp. chromogenes, Staph. intermedius). SK medium supplemented with sheep blood proved more effective in allowing satisfactory recovery of Staph. aureus, Staph. hyicus subsp. hyicus and Staph. intermedius. However, neither supplement enabled satisfactory recovery of Staph. hyicus subsp. chromogenes to be achieved.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resin-Bonded bridges: 1. Development and casting design.

This series of two articles will consider the developments and clinical techniques of resin-bonded bridges with the emphasis on methods for increasing success from a functional and aesthetic view point.

Dental Casting Technique↗