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Biomedical subjects

A Goday

Publications and source records attributed to A Goday.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Low-density lipoprotein particle size, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic men with essential hypertension.

The aim of the study is to investigate serum lipoproteins abnormalities including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size, and their relationship with other cardiovascular risk factors in men with essential hypertension. Plasma glucose and serum insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I. apo B. cholesterol and triglycerides in serum and in lipoproteins, and LDL particle diameter were measured in thirty-eight consecutive newly-diagnosed non-diabetic untreated hypertensive men and 38 healthy male controls. Plasma glucose at baseline, 60 and 120 min during OGTT was significantly higher in patients than controls whereas serum insulin levels did not differ between patients and controls. Serum apo B and triglycerides were significantly raised in patients compared with controls (1.08 +/- 0.17 g/L [mean +/- SD] vs 0.97 +/- 0.22 g/L. p < 0.05, and 1.56 +/- 0.90 mmol/L vs 1.15 +/- 0.57 mmol/L, p < 0.05, respectively). Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were increased in patients compared with controls (0.89 +/- 0.79 mmol/L and 0.54 +/- 0.35 mmol/L, p < 0.05, and 4.08 +/- 0.85 mmol/L and 3.60 +/- 0.92 mmol/L, p < 0.05, respectively) whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower in patients compared with controls 0.95 +/- 0.22 mmol/L and 1.07 +/- 0.20 mmol/L, p < 0.05). Adjustment for body mass index, abdominal/hip perimeter ratio and area under the glucose curve did not attenuate the relationship between hypertension and VLDL-triglycerides. Six patients and two controls had a mean LDL diameter < or = 25.5 nm and in the former serum triglycerides ranged from 1.86 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L. Mean LDL particle diameter in both patients and controls showed an inverse relationship with log-transformed serum triglycerides (r = - 0.51, p < 0.001 and r = - 0.47, p < 0.005, respectively). Among patients, those with serum triglycerides > or = [corrected] 1.58 mmol/L had a lesser mean LDL diameter than those with triglycerides above this threshold (25.78 +/- 0.47 nm vs 26.30 +/- 0.35 nm, p < 0.001). Higher plasma glucose, serum apo B and LDL-cholesterol as well as the decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol in patients with hypertension are consistent with high coronary heart disease risk. Not only mild hypertriglyceridemia but also high-normal serum triglycerides in themselves or as a surrogate of a predominance of small dense LDL particles in plasma convey an additional risk for cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients even though routine plasma lipids are within or near normal range.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of diabetes in Catalonia (Spain): an oral glucose tolerance test-based population study.

The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the adult population of Catalonia and study their association with obesity, central obesity, hypertension and smoking habit. A random sample of 3839 subjects aged 30-89 years participated in this cross-sectional study: 2214 subjects underwent a health examination with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and 1625 were interviewed by phone. Diabetes prevalence (known and unknown) in the 30-89-year-old population was 10.3%, (95% CI: 9.1-11.6). In this age group, the prevalence rates of known diabetes, unknown diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance were 6.4, 3.9 and 11.9% in men and 6.9, 3.4 and 11.9% in women. The age adjusted prevalence to the world population for the 30-64-year-old age group was 6.1% (7.1% in men and 5.2% in women).The factors significantly associated with diabetes were age, obesity, hypertension and family history of diabetes. The high ratio of previously known diabetic cases to newly discovered ones, specially in the oldest age group, suggests good levels of awareness and medical services. The prevalence in Catalonia is similar to that observed in other Mediterranean countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Characterization, subcellular localization and nuclear targeting of casein kinase 2 from Zea mays.

We have isolated and characterized the genomic clone of maize casein kinase 2 (CK2) alpha subunit using the previously described alphaCK2-1 cDNA clone as a probe. The genomic clone is 7.5 kb long and contains 10 exons, separated by 9 introns of different size, two larger than 1.5 kb and the others around 100-150 bp. The sequence of the exons is 100% homologous to the sequence of the alphaCK2-1 cDNA. Southern hybridization of total genomic DNA from maize embryos with aCK2 cDNA indicated that the alphaCK2-1 gene is part of a multigenic family. We also isolated a new embryo cDNA clone coding for an alphaCK2-2 subunit. We studied the regulation of the enzyme in embryos at the mRNA level, at the protein level and by activity testing. By using immunocytochemistry the CK2 protein was localized in several types of cells of mature embryos. Particularly strong signals were visible in the cytoplasm of epidermis and meristematic cells. Decoration of nuclei of root cortex and scutellum cells was also observed suggesting that CK2 can shift from the cytoplasm into nuclei in specific cell types. We examined whether CK2 contained specific protein domains which actively target the protein to the nucleus by using in-frame fusions of the maize CK2alpha subunit to the reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (GUS) which were assayed in transiently transformed onion epidermal cells. Analysis of chimeric constructs identified one region containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) that is highly conserved in other alphaCK2 proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

[Prevalence of nephropathy in type I diabetes].

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of diabetes, of which there are few epidemiological data in Spain. The aim of this study is to determine diabetic nephropathy prevalence in a group of patients with type I diabetes mellitus, representative of the population of Barcelona, Spain, evaluating several risk factors related with its development. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 639 patients (296 males and 343 women), from 6 hospitals, selected according with the diabetes duration (194 between 5 and 9 years [group I], 227 between 10 and 19 years [group II] and 218 with 20 years or more [group III]) were studied. In all patients urinary albumin excretion and plasma levels of creatinine, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides were determined. The presence of retinopathy, neuropathy, vasculopathy and tobacco consumption were also evaluated. RESULTS: The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy increased with longer diabetes duration (8.1% [CI: 4.3-11.9] in group I, 24.7% [CI: 19.1-30.3] in group II and 44.7% [CI: 38.1-51.3] in group III), as well as that of hypertension, diabetes complications, cholesterol and triglycerides plasma levels. Related to people with normal renal function, after logistic regression, microalbuminuria was associated with hypertension and longer diabetes duration. Clinical nephropathy (macroalbuminuria + renal failure) to hypertension, longer duration, hypertriglyceridemia, male sex and tobacco consumption. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in Barcelona area is high and similar to that observed in other european regions. Its existence is associated with other diabetic complications. In addition to the classic risk factors, tobacco consumption must also be considered as a factor for diabetic nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Phosphorylation mediates the nuclear targeting of the maize Rab17 protein.

The maize abscisic acid-responsive Rab17 protein localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm in maize cells. In-frame fusion of Rab17 to the reporter protein beta-glucuronidase (GUS) directed GUS to the nucleus and cytoplasm in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and in transiently transformed onion cells. Analysis of chimeric constructs identified one region between amino acid positions 66-96, which was necessary for targeting GUS to the nucleus. This region contains a serine cluster followed by a putative consensus site for protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation, and a stretch of basic amino acids resembling the simian virus 40 large T antigen-type nuclear localization signal (NLS). Mutation of two basic amino acids in the putative NLS had a weak effect on nuclear targeting in the onion cell system and did not modify the percentage of nuclear fusion protein in the Arabidopsis cells. The mutation of three amino acids in the consensus site for CK2 recognition resulted in the absence of in vitro phosphorylated forms of Rab17 and in a strong decrease of GUS enzymatic activity in isolated nuclei of transgenic Arabidopsis. These results suggest that phosphorylation of Rab17 by protein kinase CK2 is the relevant step for its nuclear location, either by facilitating binding to specific proteins or as a direct part of the nuclear targeting apparatus.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1998

[Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism secondary to weight loss medication. Predictive factors for their precocious detention].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the differential clinical characteristics between the Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism for not conventional medication for obesity treatment (weight losers) and the endogenous by Graves Basedow disease. PATIENT AND METHODS: Observational and analytical study, populational based, in the one which prospectively were compared cases with Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism (secondary to weight losers) with those with endogenous hyperthyroidism (Graves Basedow disease) as controls. Consisted of the variable clinical record of 100 correlative patients that consulted in specialized attention of endocrinology for Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism secondary to weight losers and for Graves Basedow disease. RESULTS: The differences observed between Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism (secondary to weight losers) (n = 43) as compared to endogenous hyperthyroidism (Graves Basedow disease) (n = 57) were: smaller age (31.8 +/- 10 as compared to 37.8 +/- 12.6 years), greater body mass index (27.6 +/- 7.2 as compared to 23.4 +/- 3.1), smaller goiter frequency (16.3% as compared to 84.2%) as well as absence of signs of ophthalmopathy (0% as compared to 57.9%). Both groups had low levels of TSH, and the difference rests in the values of free T4, low in the first group and increased in the endogenous hyperthyroidism. The odds ratio were: IMC > 27: 3.92 (0.91-16.72), age < 33 years: 5.58 (1.42-21.99), absence of goiter: 23.29 (6.39-84.85). The precedent of weight losers use was not selective of the first group, being detected in a 12.3% of cases of endogenous hyperthyroidism, though in periods of time remoter in relationship to the beginning of the clinic. CONCLUSIONS: In the differential diagnosis of a case of hyperthyroidism, it can be suspected Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism (secondary to weight losers) for medication for the obesity in patients of the feminine sex with overweight, without previous or familiar history of thyroid disease, and in those which in the physical exploration is not verified goiter neither ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

High prevalence of subclinical Sjögren's syndrome features in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia related to Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in asymptomatic patients with diagnosed autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD); and to investigate whether the immunopathologies of sialadenitis observed in AITD associated SS and primary SS are similar. METHODS: One hundred seventy-six patients diagnosed with AITD (88 with Graves' disease, 40 Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 48 primary myxedema) were tested for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Schirmer's test and rose bengal staining) and for xerostomia (salivary scintigraphy and labial salivary gland biopsy). Immunohistopathological studies were performed on cryostat sections of bucal mucosa biopsies using antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD14, CD25, LFA-1, ICAM-3 HLA class II, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1, and interferon-gamma. RESULTS: Nineteen of 52 (37%) patients with AITD fulfilled the criteria for xerostomia and 39/170 (23%) for keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Features of SS were diagnosed in 43 of 176 (24%) patients with AITD, with similar prevalence in Graves' (20%). Hashimoto's thyroiditis (27%), and primary myxedema (29%). In AITD associated SS, infiltrating lymphocytes were mainly CD3+ T lymphocytes, with a CD4/CD8 ratio of 2:1. In most patients infiltrating lymphocytes expressed activation markers, HLA class II molecules, and interleukin 2 receptor (CD25). In some patients HLA class II was inappropriately expressed in the epithelial gland cells. CONCLUSION: The finding that a third of patients with AITD have SS features confirms that AITD and SS are mutually associated. Together with the similarity of immunopathology of sialadenitis in AITD associated SS in primary SS, this supports the theory that SS and AITD are 2 autoimmune diseases closely related pathogenetically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Expression and cellular localization of rab28 mRNA and Rab28 protein during maize embryogenesis.

The maize abscisic acid (ABA) responsive gene rab28, has been shown to be ABA-inducible in embryos and vegetative tissues. A polyclonal antiserum was raised against Rab28 protein. Using immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation, the antiserum specifically recognized a protein of about 30 kDa and pl 6 which is in close agreement with the molecular weight and pl predicted by the deduced amino acid sequence. The rab28 gene product accumulated during late embryogenesis. In vegetative tissues, dehydration stress induced rab28 gene expression both in the light and in the dark. The spatial and temporal pattern of rab28 mRNA expression during embryogenesis was investigated by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labelled rab28 probes, and the immunochemical localization of Rab28 protein using anti-Rab28 antibodies. Expression of rab28 mRNA is restricted to provascular tissues in young embryos, and at later stages of development the most prevalent accumulation occurred in meristem and in the vascular elements of the plumule, root and scutellum. Using immunoelectron microscopy the Rab28 protein has been located in the nucleolus of different cell types. In light of these results the stress regulation of rab28 and a likely role for this protein during late embryogenesis are discussed.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1995

[Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism. Report of an outbreak].

The clinical observation of a series of 30 patients (age 29.6 +/- 9.8 years, 29 females and 1 male) who were remitted for evaluation of a thyroid dysfunction with a decrease in TSH and free thyroxin with clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism and absence of goiter or exophthalmous is presented. Most of the patients (90%) had no family or personal history of previous thyroid disease. Anamnesis demonstrated the previous ingestion of uncommercialized prepared weight losers, dispensed in different areas off the pharmacy offices. Seventy-three percent of the patients had received the treatment from the same source (prescriber). In most of the cases (28 out of 30) normalization was observed in thyroid function tests. The demonstrated inefficacy of this medication as well as the health care importance of the problem are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Bone remodelling in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected patients. A histomorphometric study.

The aim of this study was to identify and describe possible alterations of bone histomorphometry in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection and to assess the relation between these alterations and disease severity. Forty-four HIV-1-infected patients seen successively at our hospital were evaluated for the study. In an attempt to avoid confounding factors as far as possible, we excluded patients who fulfilled any of the following criteria: age less than 18 or greater than 40 years; recent history of extended bed rest; previous diagnosis of metabolic bone disease, renal insufficiency, or hepatic failure; clinical or echographic signs of liver cirrhosis; diabetes mellitus or previous diagnosis of other endocrine diseases; drug therapy that could act on bone metabolism; and/or moderate to severe nutritional alteration. Twenty-two patients (13 men, 9 women; age: 27.9 +/- 4.1 years, mean +/- standard deviation) were included in the study. Plasma and urine biochemistry and calcium-regulating hormones were determined. Bone mineral content was measured on vertebrae L2 to L4 and on the neck and intertrochanteric areas of the femur by dual-photon absorptiometry. A transiliac bone biopsy was performed after double-tetracycline labelling, with histomorphometric study of undecalcified bone. Serum osteocalcin was found to be lower in patients who, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) classification, had greater disease severity, and showed a positive correlation with the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes. No alterations in bone densitometry were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1994

Regulation of the rab17 gene promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis wild-type, ABA-deficient and ABA-insensitive mutants.

The abscisic acid-responsive gene rab17 is induced during maize embryo maturation and in vegetative tissues under water stress conditions. To investigate how ABA is involved in the induction of the rab17 gene, we present here a genetic approach to analyse the transcriptional regulation of the 1.3 kb rab17 promoter fragment in transgenic wild-type Arabidopsis and mutants which are deficient (aba) and insensitive (abi1, abi2 and abi3) to ABA. During seed development the rab17 promoter fragment confers similar temporal and spatial regulation on the reporter gene GUS, both in transgenic wild-type and ABA-deficient and ABA-insensitive mutants. The rab17 promoter was only active in embryo and endosperm during late seed development, although the ABA-deficient embryo mutant showed a reduction in the level of GUS activity. During germination rab17 promoter activity decreases, and GUS activity is not enhanced by water stress in transgenic wild-type and mutant plants. In contrast, transcription of the Arabidopsis endogenous rab gene is stimulated by water stress, both in wild-type and ABA-insensitive mutants. Our data suggest that different molecular mechanisms mediate seed-specific expression and ABA water stress induction of the rab17 gene and indicate strong conservation of the seed-specific regulatory mechanism for rab genes in monocot and dicot plants.

Abscisic Acid↗