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Biomedical subjects

A Gorenstein

Publications and source records attributed to A Gorenstein.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Inferior vena cava anomalies associated with giant omphalocele--a proposed classification.

Thirteen patients with hepatomphaloceles were investigated pre-operatively by an inferior venocavogram as to the shape of the eviscerated liver and the course of the inferior vena cava. Roentgenographic findings correlated with operative findings and three distinct patterns of anomaly were seen. Type 2 and particularly Type 3 are likely to be associated with severe post-operative complications if the peculiar anatomy is not recognized beforehand. We feel that a pre-operative inferior venocavogram and determination of type of anomaly is mandatory in planning the treatment of these patients.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

Phlebography of the deep venous system of the leg in children.

Direct cannulation of the deep venous system of the leg was performed in 74 children (79 legs). Both abnormal anatomy and the functional status of the deep venous system were studied. Fifteen legs were normal and 64 exhibited disease of the communicating veins; 33 of the latter patients also had deep venous disease. The communicating veins were described as typical or atypical; a classification comprising two typical and three atypical types is suggested. Four types of deep venous disease were found: (1) aplasia, (b) ectasia, (c) absence of valves, and (d) post-thrombophlebitic obstruction. Normal and abnormal patterns of function are described, and the importance of these findings in treatment and prognosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Sarcomas of the larynx.

From 1949 to 1974, 17 patients with sarcomas of the larynx were treated at the Mayo Clinic. Histologically, the sarcomas were classified as fibrosarcoma (six tumors), chondrosarcoma (seven tumors), rhabdomyosarcoma (three tumors), and osteosarcoma (one tumor). Patients with chondrosarcomas tended to differ from patients with other sarcomas in respect to origin of the sarcoma and length of survival free of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Nasal gliomas.

Nasal glioma is a developmental abnormality of neurogenic origin with o malignant potential. An intranasal mass requires careful rhinologic and occassionally ophthalmologic, neurologic, and roentgenologic examinations. With a bony defect, pneumoencephalography, angiography, or computerized tomography may be helpful. In such cases, a neurosurgeon should be available at the time of biopsy. Biopsy is necessary for establishing a histopathologic diagnosis. Aspiration of the tumor with a needle or incisional biopsy may yield inconclusive findings and may be associated with CSF rhinorrhea and meningitis, especially if there is an intracranial connection. With adequate initial removal, excisional biopsy usually offers complete cure. A frontal craniotomy approach is preferred for those patients who have nasal glioma with an intracranial connection, CSF rhinorrhea, or recurrent episodes of meningitis. With no evidence of an intracranial connection, a conservative extracranial approach is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx.

Plasmacytomas, indistinguishable histologically from plasma cell tumors arising in bone marrow, occur almost anywhere in the body-usually independently of multiple myeloma. Thus, they represent an isolated area of plasmacytic dyscrasia but occasionally can be the first evidence of multiple myeloma. From 1949 to 1974, six patients with solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the larynx were seen at the Mayo Clinic; during this period, approximately 3,100 patients with malignant laryngeal neoplasms were examined. For these six patients, the median age was 53 years (range, 32 to 63 years). The first symptom in five patients was hoarseness (mean duration, nine months). Excision, electrocoagulation, irradiation, or some combination of these constituted effective therapy. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 25 years. The choice of therapy depends on the size, shape, and location of the tumor. Extensive surgery is rarely necessary.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pleuro-pulmonary involvement in children with blunt splenic trauma.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the importance of pleuro-pulmonary involvement in paediatric patients with blunt splenic trauma. METHOD: A retrospective chart review of 27 patients, aged 2-16 years, treated for blunt splenic injury between 1992 and 1999 was performed. RESULTS: All patients except one were treated conservatively. In 12 patients (44.4%) left-sided pleuro-pulmonary involvement was diagnosed as primary traumatic injury or as a late complication. While Grade I and II splenic injuries were prevalent, pleuro-pulmonary involvement patients had a more severe degree of splenic injury. Chest pain, dyspnoea and diminished respiratory sounds were present on primary examination in patients with chest trauma. Body temperature during the first 5 post-trauma days was significantly higher among pleuro-pulmonary involvement patients. Specific pleuro-pulmonary involvement diagnoses on admission in six children with primary chest trauma were: lung contusion, pleural thickness, or haemo-pneumothorax. Three of them developed delayed pleural effusion. In the other six children with pleuro-pulmonary involvement, late complications appeared during 2-5 days post-trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Pleuro-pulmonary involvement was observed in almost half of patients with blunt splenic trauma. Pleuro-pulmonary involvement occurred either early as a result of direct chest trauma or was delayed. High suspicion, careful monitoring of body temperature and repeated chest X-ray studies are recommended for early diagnosis and treatment of delayed pleuro-pulmonary involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absorption of medium chain triglycerides in the stomach of the human infant.

Following previous observations that medium chain triglycerides (MCT) are absorbed from the stomach of suckling rats, this study was devoted to studying absorption of MCTs in human infants. Four groups of patients were studied: (a) infants suffering from pyloric stenosis, (b) premature infants, (c) children suffering from cystic fibrosis, (d) infants with miscellaneous conditions. Infant formulae with known amounts of MCT were introduced by gastric tube and samples were removed at 0, 20, 40, and 60 min. In patients with pyloric stenosis there was an 18.1% decrease in MCT during the first 20 min. No significant changes in MCT took place during the subsequent 40 min. A similar response was observed in the group of premature infants. Older infants with miscellaneous diagnoses and children with cystic fibrosis showed an even rate of disappearance of MCT during the 60-min test period, and approximately 30% of the original MCTs present disappeared during this period. We conclude that MCTs are absorbed in the stomach of infants and children. Absorption appears to improve with age. Because MCT are an important constituent of formulae for premature infants and children with defects of small intestinal digestion and absorption of fat, these observations have practical implications.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transbronchoscopic cryosurgery of respiratory structures: experimental and clinical studies.

Although resection is the only treatment proven effective for localized malignant tumors in the tracheobronchial tree, alternative methods for cure or control of unresectable or recurrent tumor should be explored. In 24 dogs, cryonecrosis of sizable portions of carina, main stem bronchi, first division bronchi, and lung parenchyma was well tolerated, and the necrosis was localized, reproducible, and followed by prompt healing of frozen tissue. The gross architecture of the bronchi was not permanently altered, and no strictures formed. Six patients with endobronchial tumors were treated transbronchoscopically with cryosurgery. All patients tolerated the procedures well, and there were no complications. Palliation was achieved in five of the six patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoid and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of bronchus in children.

Four patients with bronchial carcinoid and two patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus are presented. Presenting symptoms of these rare childhood tumors are chronic cough, hemoptysis, repeated bouts of pulmonary infection, and chest pain. Bronchoscopic examination should be considered in patients with these symptoms and is highly reliable in diagnosing these tumors Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Bronchial carcinoid and mucoepidermoid carcinoma have an excellent prognosis following conservative surgical resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemangiopericytoma of the nasal cavity.

Only 12 cases of nasal hemangiopericytoma have been reported in the literature. Ten additional cases are presented herein. Surgical excision is the recommended treatment; cryosurgery was used in one of our patients. Four of the tem patients had recurrences, one of which proved to be malignant (with distant metastases to the lung) and was ultimately fatal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermoid cysts of the nose: review of 21 cases.

Twenty-one cases of histologically confirmed dermoid cysts of the nose are reviewed. The sites involved were the dorsum (18), septum (5), glabella (2), nasal tip (2), and columella (1), with several patients having multiple sites of involvement. Bony or cartilaginous destruction occurred in 14 patients (67%). A sinus tract was evident in ten patients (48%). Complete excision of these lesions is necessary for prevention of recurrence. The differential diagnosis includes hemangiomas, gliomas, encephaloceles, epidermoid cysts, neurofibromas, and lipomas.

Adolescent↗