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Biomedical subjects

A Gouliamos

Publications and source records attributed to A Gouliamos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

MRI in the investigation of patients with myelopathy thought to be due to multiple sclerosis.

The role of cerebral and spinal cord MRI was investigated in 65 patients with myelopathy suspected of having demyelinating disease. Cerebral MRI demonstrated lesions compatible with demyelination in 80% and spinal cord MRI in 68.6%. In 28.5% of our patients brain lesions were present with normal spinal cord images, but in 17% spinal cord lesions were depicted with a normal brain MRI. The combination of the two examinations demonstrated lesions in 97% of the patients. The frequency of coexistent cerebral lesions in patients with spinal cord lesions was over 85% in patients with chronic disease but only 28.5% in patients with acute myelitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR in the diagnosis of the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

A 54-year-old man first was admitted with a right oculomotor nerve palsy that ameliorated spontaneously. Two months later, he was readmitted with right proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and optic nerve involvement. MR showed an enlarged right cavernous sinus. There was dramatic improvement after high doses of steroids. MR findings 10 months later were normal. Thus, the diagnosis of the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was established.

Cavernous Sinus↗
PubMed1994

Localized mastoiditis simulating a facial nerve schwannoma on MRI.

A case of a single inflamed mastoid air cell is described. This was initially interpreted as a facial nerve schwannoma on MRI examination. Careful evaluation of the signal characteristics and additional findings from the high resolution CT examination helped to establish the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance angiography compared to intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.

In order to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage, 14 patients with recent haemorrhage verified by CT or lumbar puncture were investigated with both selective intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA) and MRA by two independent teams, each having the same preangiographic information. The results were compared with each other and whenever possible (all positive cases except one) with those of surgical intervention. Seven patients were identified by MRA and IA-DSA as having a single aneurysm on the circle of Willis, 1 an aneurysm of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery 1 an aneurysm of the internal carotid artery (siphon) and 2 patients with two aneurysms on the circle of Willis. MRA and IA-DSA both failed to demonstrate aneurysms in 2 cases. Three patients had negative results on both methods and no surgical intervention was attempted. The aneurysms ranged from 0.3 to 1.5 cm in size. In most cases there was agreement between MRA and DSA, leading us to believe that, if the proper protocols are followed, MRA is a powerful alternative to other established methods in the detection of intracranial aneurysms. At this stage it will not replace IA-DSA prior to surgery, but the ability to obtain various projections using 3D MRA may improve surgical planning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Gd-DTPA as an intestinal contrast agent for MR imaging of the lower abdomen: phase III clinical trial.

Thirty-one patients were investigated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the lower abdomen before and after the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) solution per os or per rectum or from both routes for the opacification of the intestinal tract. The parameters evaluated were: (a) contrast medium distribution, (b) degree of filling of the bowel lumen, (c) contrast between the bowel lumen and the surrounding normal or pathological structures, and (d) whether the administration of the contrast agent improved the diagnostic ability of MR compared to computed tomography (CT) or plain MR of the same region. Gd-DTPA, at a concentration of 1 mmol/L, produced a positive signal irrespective of its dilution in the bowel and good contrast between the bowel lumen and the adjacent tissues or any possible pathological lesions. From the diagnostic point of view, after the administration of contrast medium, MR is comparable to CT and much superior to plain MR. It is concluded that opacification of the bowel with Gd-DTPA solution will improve the diagnostic yield of MR imaging of the lower abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Extracapsular (satellite) hydatid cysts.

Sixteen percent of hydatid cysts in the liver in 185 patients examined by computed tomography (CT) showed daughter cysts located exterior to the fibrinous membrane of the main hydatid cysts. We call these extracapsular or satellite cysts. Extracapsular cysts have the same appearance as endogenous daughter cysts. Preoperative demonstration of these cysts is useful for planning an appropriate surgical treatment and reduction of the recurrence rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Differential diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the liver with MR imaging.

In a retrospective study of 84 patients who underwent MRI examination of the liver the qualitative parameters margin, shape, internal structure, signal intensity and the presence of a capsule were evaluated in 152 lesions comprising 48 hemangiomas, 54 secondary deposits, 23 hepatomas, 8 simple cysts, 17 hydatid cysts, 1 abscess and 1 focal fatty infiltration. Our main objective was to differentiate hemangiomas from secondary deposits and hepatomas. In hemangiomas the combination of smooth margin (98%) round or oval shape (90%) homogeneity (96%) very high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequence (94%), and the complete absence of capsule helped to distinguish them from secondary deposits and hepatomas in the majority of cases. It is concluded that with MR imaging we can establish the diagnosis of focal lesions of the liver in about 95% of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Low back pain due to extramedullary hemopoiesis.

Two cases of extramedullary hemopoiesis in the lower spinal column are reported. One of them was due to thalassemia major and the other to thalassemia intermedia. CT and MRI studies showed paraspinal and presacral masses respectively which caused nerve root compression. It is concluded that the differential diagnosis of low back pain and radicular or pseudoradicular pain should include extramedullary hemopoiesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Congenital A-V fistula of the breast.

A case of congenital A-V fistula in the breast of a young woman is presented. The chief complaint was murmur when lying down, especially in the prone position, a palpable lump and the presence of varicose-like veins in the breast. Arteriography revealed an A-V fistula in the left breast. The arterial supply originated from the ipsilateral internal mammary vein and superior thoracic artery and drainage was towards the axillary vein and, to a minor degree, towards the internal mammary vein. The lesion was corrected surgically. Six months later there was no evidence of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Control of haematuria with superselective embolization.

Fifteen patients with severe haematuria due to causes other than malignant disease were seen between 1981 and 1989. Arteriography was done in an attempt to treat these patients with superselective embolization. In 7 patients, the cause of bleeding was due to injuries of iatrogenic origin and of the remaining 8, 2 had been in a car accident, 2 had knife stabwounds, 3 angiomatous malformations and 1 tuberous sclerosis. Twelve of the 15 patients were treated successfully with superselective embolization with steel coils. We consider angiography followed by superselective embolization to be the method of choice for the diagnosis and treatment of haematuria due to renal injury or other benign conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study between ultrasound, computed tomography, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the differentiation of tumors of the liver.

Forty-one patients with liver tumor have been evaluated with ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to establish the accuracy of each technique. In group A (24 patients), in which all four imaging modalities were performed, our results show that MRI detected all hemangiomas (25/25) compared to 22/25, 21/25, and 20/25 with US, CT, and IA-DSA, respectively. No difference between the various methods was seen in the case of hepatoma. Finally, in the patients with metastases, all four techniques had the same sensitivity (100%) but the specificity of MRI was also 100%, compared to 33% for IA-DSA and 66% for US and CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Masses of myeloadipose tissue: radiological and clinical considerations.

The records of 30 patients presenting radiological evidence of masses of extramedullary myeloadipose (hemopoietic) tissue, 25 patients suffering from thalassemia, one from sickle-cell anemia, and one from myelofibrosis were studied. Three patients presented with primary myelolipomas. Most of the patients with thalassemia presented with masses of hemopoiesis in the costovertebral angle and five patients presented with spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance imaging is the best method for visualization and assessment of the extent of the masses in the thorax and spinal canal. Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for spinal cord compression. One patient with thalassemia and one patient with myelofibrosis presented with masses of extramedullary hemopoiesis in the adrenals. All five patients with masses of myeloadipose tissue in the adrenals were treated surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

CT and MRI of symptomatic spinal involvement by extramedullary haemopoiesis.

Five cases of tumour-like extramedullary haemopoiesis (EH) causing spinal cord compression or back pain are reported. Three patients were suffering from thalassaemia major, one from sickle cell anaemia and one from thalassaemia intermedia. CT findings included soft tissue masses in the epidural space of the spinal canal, spinal cord displacement and involvement of the underlying bone. MRI studies showed masses compressing the spinal cord. On T1-weighted images there was a signal of slightly higher intensity compared to that of the adjacent marrow. CT suggested the diagnosis in four cases (in the fifth it was not performed), while MRI was positive in all five. There was good correlation between the MRI findings and the CT appearance of the EH masses. Our results suggest that MRI may eliminate the need for other diagnostic examinations in the investigation of patients with EH.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Features of computed tomography in hydatid cysts of the urinary tract.

The features of computed tomography (CT) in 5 patients with hydatid disease of the urinary tract are described. The diagnosis of hydatid disease was based on the demonstration of unilocular or multilocular cysts with well defined walls which enhanced with contrast, which were often calcified and which contained daughter cysts within the large parent cyst. It is difficult to differentiate between a unilocular hydatid cyst without mural calcification and an infected simple renal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Digital subtraction angiography in the evaluation of chemodectomas.

During the last 2 years eleven patients with surgically confirmed chemodectomas have been investigated by means of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Seven patients underwent i.v. DSA, which revealed eight carotid body tumours, and in the remaining four with jugulotympanic chemodectomas intra-arterial (i.a.) DSA was performed. We found i.V. DSA an easy and satisfactory method for the investigation of carotid body tumours but when glomus intravagale, tympanicum or jugulare is suspected an i.a. selective injection is required.

Adolescent↗