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Biomedical subjects

A Grüner

Publications and source records attributed to A Grüner.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: only irradiation or simultaneous radiochemotherapy?].

BACKGROUND: Between 1979 and 1997, a total of 92 patients with primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated at the Hospitals of the University of Erlangen. Until 1988, radiotherapy alone was the treatment of choice and simultaneous radiochemotherapy was consistently applied thereafter. This retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of concurrent radiochemotherapy on survival and to identify possible prognostic factors on cause-specific survival-, locoregional tumor control- and distant-metastases-free survival rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients (58%) received treatment by radiotherapy alone and 39 (42%) underwent primary radiochemotherapy with 2 courses of 5-FU and cisplatin. Median total dose to the bilateral neck region was 60 Gy (range, 50 to 62 Gy), and 74 Gy (range, 56 to 88 Gy) to the primary tumor. Median follow-up of the surviving patients was 8 years. RESULTS: Following radiochemotherapy and radiotherapy alone, the 5-year-survival rates were 67% and 48%, respectively (p = 0.06). Female patients had a survival advantage as compared to male patients (5-year-survival rate 77% vs 44%, p = 0.01). Patients with and without cranial nerve palsy at presentation had survival rates of 0% and 61%, respectively, at 5 years (p = 0.01). Distant-metastases-free survival was influenced by the following factors: lymph-node involvement (NO: 82% vs N1 to N3: 68%, p = 0.04), gender (female: 88% vs male: 64%, p = 0.01), type of treatment (radiochemotherapy: 86% vs radiotherapy: 63%, p = 0.02) and cranial nerve involvement (76% without and 42% with involvement, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma simultaneous radiochemotherapy can significantly reduce distant metastases and improve survival as compared to radiotherapy alone. Since late toxicity rates were similar in both treatment groups and the slightly increased acute side effects following radiochemotherapy were effectively compensated by standard supportive care, patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma may benefit from simultaneous radiochemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac sodium after intramuscular administration in combination with triamcinolone acetate.

Seventy-five mg diclofenac sodium were given intramuscularly to 15 subjects alone and in combination with 40 mg triamcinolone acetate. Plasma levels of diclofenac were measured and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The results indicate no statistically significant differences for most of the parameters. The maximum plasma concentrations (Cpmax) was increased by about 20% in combination with the glucocorticoid, whereas terminal elimination rate did not change significantly.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glucocorticoid suspensions after intra-articular administration.

Triamcinolone acetonide, triamcinolone hexacetonide, and a combination of betamethasone phosphate and acetate were given intra-articularly in different doses. Plasma levels of the steroids were measured and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. As a pharmacodynamic parameter for systemic steroid activity, plasma hydrocortisone levels were monitored for 3 weeks. Results indicate complete absorption from the site of injection over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. Because of its lower solubility, triamcinolone hexacetonide is absorbed slower than triamcinolone acetonide, thus maintaining synovial levels for a longer time and creating lower systemic corticoid levels. Endogenous hydrocortisone suppression correlated with exogenous steroid levels. Threshold concentrations for maximum suppression were determined.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Tubular signal for the renin activity in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

To investigate the effect of ionic composition of the tubular fluid in the macula densa segment upon the JGA renin activity, the macula densa segment was perfused with different solutions and the renin activity in the attached juxtaglomerular apparatus was measured. Increasing the sodium chloride concentration at the macula densa by perfusion with Ringer's solution or saline increased the JGA renin activity. An activation of JGA renin activity did not occur when amiloride was added to the saline or when the animals were pretreated by a high-salt diet. Perfusing the macula densa segment with a sodium-chloride-free solution, with sodium- or chloride-substituted solutions, or with mock early distal fluid, did not affect the JGA renin activity. These data are in accord with the proposition that in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism the renin-angiotensin salt diet. Perfusing the macula densa segment with a sodium-chloride-free solution, with sodium- or chloride-substituted solutions, or with mock early distal fluid, did not affect the JGA renin activity. These data are in accord with the proposition that in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism the renin-angiotensin salt diet. Perfusing the macula densa segment with a sodium-chloride-free solution, with sodium- or chloride-substituted solutions, or with mock early distal fluid, did not affect the JGA renin activity. These data are in accord with the proposition that in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism the renin-angiotensin system in the juxtaglomerular apparatus acts as a local, humoral mediator between the signal perceived at the macula densa and the hemodynamic response at the glomerulus. The mediation by the renin-angiotensin system, which is influenced by the sodium chloride balance, allows the sensitivity of this control of GFR to be adjusted in a homeostatically appropriate manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Cryptogenic liver abscess (author's transl)].

The successful treatment of two patients with cryptogenic liver abscess, a special type of pyogenic abscess, is reported. Quick diagnosis by methods which do not distress the patient, e. g. scintigraphy and echography, leads to a decisive improvement in the prognosis. Opinions are given on the differential diagnosis of cryptogenic, pyogenic and parasitic (amebic) liver abscesses. The good chances for treatment of cryptogenic abscesses compared with the secondary pyogenic liver abscesses are to be found not least in their usually solitary appearance. This is shown particularly clearly in the classification of the patients operated on for pyogenic liver abscess in our hospital in the last ten years into multiple and solitary liver abscess. As in the pyogenic abscess, so in the primary cyptogenic liver abscess is transperitoneal open drainage the method of choice for treatment.

Diagnosis, Differential↗