Biomedical subjects
A Griffiths
Publications and source records attributed to A Griffiths.
Cefuroxime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic: activity in vitro.
Cefuroxime is a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with increased stability to beta-lactamases. This stability, although no absolute in all cases, has the effect of widening the antibacterial spectrum of the compound so that many organisms resistant to the established cephalosporins are susceptible to cefuroxime. It is active against gram-positive organisms, including penicillinase-producing staphylococci, but it is less active against methicillin-resistant strains. In addition to its high activity against non-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria, cefuroxime effectively inhibits the growth of many beta-lactamase-producing strains, including Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and indole-positive Proteus spp. It is highly active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, and also Haemophilus influenzae, including ampicillin-resistant strains. Cefuroxime is rapidly bactericidal and induces the formation and subsequent lysis of filamentous forms over a small concentration range.
Incontinentia pigmenti achromians.
A patient with incontinentia pigmenti archromians, who was born to consanguineous parents, is described. This is the first reported case from Iran, to our knowledge. A number of features of this disease belong more properly to classical incontinentia pigmenti.
Psychogeriatric liaison health visitor.
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A study of the contribution of the health visitor to the support and care of terminally ill patients and their relatives.
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Distribution of cadmium in north Atlantic deep-sea sediments.
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Health services financing.
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Skin transplantation and the types of lymphocytes involved in rejection.
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Possible case of early Huntington's chorea.
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The effect of sensory motor training on children with perceptual-motor handicaps. A preliminary study.
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Maintenance of Schistosoma mansoni in vitro in a continuous flow apparatus.
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Lysosomal enzyme inhibition by trypan blue: a theory of teratogenesis.
A mechanism of mammalian teratogenesis involving inhibition of embryotrophic nutrition is suggested and exemplified by the action of trypan blue on pregnant rats. There is evidence for the localization of trypan blue in heterolysosomes of the epithelium of the visceral yolk sac, and our experiments indicate that the dye is an inhibitor of a selection of hydrolytic enzymes present in lysosomal fractions from homogenates of rat visceral yolk sac. It seems likely that trypan blue inhibits the intracellular digestion of embryotroph by the visceral yolk-sac epithelium; the conceptus may therefore be deprived of essential nutrients at critical stages of development.
A histochemical and biochemical study of some aspects of placental function in the rat using maternal injection of horseradish peroxidase.
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Focus charting in rehabilitation.
The two-page focus charting outline (see Figure 1) is most appropriate for a rehabilitation unit. Functional activities such as mobility and activities of daily living are emphasized, while the cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal areas are grouped together under the "physical" focus heading. When used correctly, focus charting is complete, orderly, and effective. It meets professional and legal standards and the requirements of third-party payers. Utilization reviewers easily can spot progress, or lack of it, after a few days. Research and audit information can be retrieved readily using the focus headlines. The progress notes are clear and easy for other nurses and other disciplines to review. This promotes communication among the entire healthcare team and ultimately promotes continuity of care. Focus charting is efficient and effective when used by nurses to focus on patient problems and strengths.
Thymopharyngeal duct cyst: MR imaging of a third branchial arch anomaly in a neonate.
Third branchial arch anomalies are rare. The authors present a case report of a neonate with a rapidly growing neck mass due to cystic dilation of a persistent thymopharyngeal duct, which is a derivative of the third branchial arch. The presence of thyroid and thymic tissue in the cyst wall, the communication of the cyst with the piriform sinus, and the relationship of the cyst to carotid vessels and the sternomastoid muscle were consistent with the features of a thymopharyngeal duct cyst embedded in the thyroid gland.
Alternative methods of attenuating Salmonella species for potential vaccine use.
Because of their invasive properties, Salmonella species are uniquely suited for use as live oral vaccines, and mutants attenuated in general metabolic functions show promise as vaccine strains. We have identified a Salmonella choleraesuis transposon mutant which is deficient in abilities to attach to, invade or penetrate through animal cells. This mutant is avirulent in mice, yet is able to persist within the liver, spleen and gut-associated lymphoid tissue for periods which may be adequate for induction of secretory, humoral and cell-mediated immunity. This and other strains attenuated in factors specifically required for Salmonella pathogenesis may have potential as vaccine strains.
Work design and management--the older worker.
It will soon be important to retain older workers in the workforce for longer and to ensure they are both healthy and productive. This paper argues, on theoretical and empirical grounds, that in doing so it is important to consider the role of work design and management. This is an under-researched area of work and organizational psychology. Based on a review of the available evidence and on a consideration of the methodological challenges involved, it is proposed that a future research agenda should (1) establish life span models of work design and management as opposed to "age-free" models; (2) place more emphasis on contextual research, and less emphasis on broad-brush, epidemiological models; and (3) embark on more evaluated workplace interventions, and less on cross-sectional studies.
Comparison of nitrogen utilization of two elemental diets in patients with Crohn's disease.
Energy, nitrogen absorption, and nitrogen utilization of two commercial elemental diets, Vivonex and Vital, were compared in 10 teenage boys and girls with Crohn's disease. The diets were given in random order as overnight feedings and were the sole source of nutrients for two consecutive periods of 3 weeks each. Urine and stools were collected for 48 h at the end of each 3-week period. Energy absorption was slightly better on Vivonex (p less than 0.05), although 95-100% of energy was absorbed with both formulas. Nitrogen absorption was not different for the two formulas, but nitrogen utilization was significantly better on Vital (28.6 +/- 12.9% versus 9.7 +/- 17.7%, p less than 0.01). This difference may be attributable to the different concentrations of sulfur-containing and aromatic amino acids in the two formulas.