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Biomedical subjects

A Grubbs

Publications and source records attributed to A Grubbs.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

beta-Adrenergic and endothelin receptor interaction in dilated human cardiomyopathic myocardium.

BACKGROUND: Although end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by defects in beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) activity and increased endothelin-1 (ET-1), possible interactions between these 2 systems remain to be defined. Accordingly, the goal of this study was to determine the effects of ET receptor activation on beta-AR signaling through measurement of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in normal and DCM myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial sarcolemmal preparations were prepared from normal human (n = 6), dilated cardiomyopathic (n = 10), and ischemic cardiomyopathic (ICM, n = 10) tissue. Basal cAMP production was measured in the presence of ET-1 alone (10(-6) to 0(-9) mol/L) as well as after (-)isoproterenol (10(-6) to 10(-2) mol/L) or forskolin (0.05 to 30.0 micromol/L) stimulation. beta-AR and ET receptor profiles were determined by radiolabeled ligand assays. ET-1 inhibited basal cAMP production in all preparations in a concentration-dependent manner. However, beta-AR-stimulated cAMP production by either isoproterenol or forskolin was not significantly affected by ET-1. beta-AR receptor density was reduced, and a selective reduction of the ET(B) receptor occurred in both forms of DCM. CONCLUSIONS: Under basal conditions, ET receptor stimulation reduced cAMP levels, which may influence contractility, particularly with DCM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Treatment of swine wastewater in marsh-pond-marsh constructed wetlands.

Swine waste is commonly treated in the USA by flushing into an anaerobic lagoon and subsequently applying to land. This natural system type of application has been part of agricultural practice for many years. However, it is currently under scrutiny by regulators. An alternate natural system technology to treat swine wastewater may be constructed wetland. For this study we used four wetland cells (11 m width x 40 m length) with a marsh-pond-marsh design. The marsh sections were planted to cattail (Typha latifolia, L.) and bulrushes (Scirpus americanus). Two cells were loaded with 16 kg N ha(-1) day(-1) with a detention of 21 days. They removed 51% of the added N. Two additional cells were loaded with 32 kg ha(-1) day(-1) with 10.5 days detention. These cells removed only 37% of the added N. However, treatment operations included cold months in which treatment was much less efficient. Removal of N was moderately correlated with the temperature. During the warmer periods removal efficiencies were more consistent with the high removal rates reported for continuous marsh systems--often > than 70%. Phosphorus removal ranged from 30 to 45%. Aquatic macrophytes (plants and floating) assimilated about 320 and 35 kg ha(-1), respectively of N and P.

Animals↗