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Biomedical subjects

A H Chignell

Publications and source records attributed to A H Chignell.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The treatment of macular holes by pars plana vitrectomy and internal air/SF6 exchange.

The results of a series of patients with full-thickness macular holes treated by pars plana vitrectomy are described. A air/gas mixture is used to tamponade the retinal hole and no adhesion is applied. Eleven eyes, including six high myopes, were treated using this method and sustained reattachment was achieved in eight eyes (73%). Three cases failed due to the presence of preretinal membrane formation and retinal shortening. This method is technically easy, allows good tamponade of the retinal hole with controlled internal drainage of subretinal fluid, and appears much safer than previously described techniques.

Air↗
PubMed1986

Candida endophthalmitis: a complication of prolonged intravenous therapy and antibiotic treatment.

Four patients with candida endophthalmitis are discussed; three had received prolonged intravenous therapy as well as multiple and varied courses of antibiotics for underlying gastro-intestinal disease; one was an intravenous drug abuser. The visual acuity improved dramatically in two of the five affected eyes but in the remaining three eyes remained at 6/60 or less. Visual prognosis is directly related to early diagnosis and treatment, which should include pars plana vitrectomy and systemic antifungal therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The role of induced choroidal retinal adhesion in retinal detachment surgery.

The use of induced adhesion in retinal and vitreous surgery is considered. A follow-up report on a series of cases of retinal detachment treated with buckling only shows that there is a risk of late re-detachment from the original hole as the buckle height diminishes. Cryotherapy is therefore necessary to prevent redetachment but as it is not necessary for reattachment it is reasonable to confine its application to the immediate vicinity of the retinal hole. An adhesion is advised in most cases of retinal detachment treated by vitrectomy, exceptions being small holes at the posterior pole.

Choroid↗
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of superior bullous rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.

The results in 90 patients with superior bullous rhegmatogenous detachments operated on over a period of 10 years are presented. In only 70% of cases treated by scleral buckling, with or without drainage of subretinal fluid, was retinal reattachment achieved with a single operation. More recently the treatment of patients by external drainage, air injection into the vitreous cavity, and subsequent buckling has improved the success rate to 96%. It is suggested that the latter method be the surgical treatment of choice in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Aphakic retinal detachment.

A study of 132 cases of aphakic retinal detachment (ARD) following mainly intracapsular cataract surgery has been made. Forty-nine cases (37%) were found to have vitreous incarcerated into the cataract section out of a total of 54 (41%) cases who had suffered a vitreous complication during cataract surgery. A study of the characteristics of ARD reveals that those cases having had a vitreous complication in the management of their cataracts are more likely to develop detachment within three months than those not suffering from such a complication. The occurrence of these early post-extraction retinal detachments is not influenced by the presence of underlying axial myopia. When we compared ARD in patients whose cataract extractions had been complicated by vitreous incarceration with those ARDs following uncomplicated cataract surgery, we found that the characteristics of the detachments were very similar. Thus distribution of underlying myopia, extent of detachment, length of time of detachment, and multiplicity and type of retinal holes were generally similar. However, ARD following complicated cataract surgery is more likely to suffer from periretinal fibrosis. The findings confirmed the risk of ARD following complicated intracapsular cataract surgery and support the tendency to perform the extracapsular operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Shifting subretinal fluid in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

In a consecutive series of 470 cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment 25 (5%) were found to have shifting subretinal fluid (SRF) at the preoperative examination. The study showed that the association between SRF and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is unusual but not rare. Shifting SRF was most often associated with aphakic and longstanding retinal detachment, and found in cases in which the retinal holes were small.

Aphakia↗
PubMed1983

Astigmatism following retinal detachment surgery.

Eighty-three patients on whom successful retinal detachment had been performed were studied to note astigmatic changes following surgery. In the majority of cases the errors following such surgery are of no great clinical importance. However, in some situations a high degree of astigmatism may be produced. This study showed that these sequelae are particularly likely after radial buckling procedures, and surgeons favouring these techniques should be aware that astigmatic errors can be induced. The astigmatic errors may persist for several years after surgery.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1982

A comparative trial of xenon arc and argon laser photocoagulation in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

We present the results of a randomised study comparing xenon arc and argon laser photocoagulation in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Our results show that when used in the way described below there is no significant difference between the effect of the 2 treatments on optic disc neovascularisation and visual acuity. We also compare the results of peripheral retinal ablation with those of panphotocoagulation in the argon and xenon groups. The results suggest that in some patients peripheral treatment may be sufficient to cause regression of disc neovascularisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Late retinal reattachment.

Six cases are described in which late reattachment of detached retina occurred 9-16 months after what had been considered to be failed retinal detachment surgery. In all cases reattachment had been associated with partial restoration of vision. No cause for such reattachment can be clearly established, but it is felt that spontaneous separation of the posterior vitreous face with subsequent release of traction from the surface of the retina may be a contributory factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Retinal detachment surgery without cryotherapy.

A series of cases of retinal detachment treated without the application of cryotherapy at the time of surgery has been studied. The omission of cryotherapy while not interfering with retinal reattachment, carries the risk of redetachment at a later date. Macular pucker may still occur in spite of the absence of cryotherapy.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed1981

Prophylaxis of aphakic retinal detachment.

In 57 aphakic second eyes of 88 patients who had previously suffered an aphakic detachment in the first eye, fifteen patients have so far suffered a retinal detachment in the second eye. However, of these fifteen patients, only two have suffered any reduction of central vision associated with detachment of the macula, reflecting an apparent change in the pattern of aphakic detachment disease in the second eye. In view of this observation, we do not think an energetic policy of prophylaxis involving 360 degrees cryotherapy should be pursued at the present time provided that follow-up facilities are available.

Aphakia, Postcataract↗
PubMed1980

Effect of preoperative posture and binocular occlusion on retinal detachment.

In an unselected series of retinal detachments a 24-hour period of binocular occlusion and posture with a retinal hole dependent produces some resolution of subretinal fluid in 13% of cases. If only patients with acute, freely mobile detachments and retinal holes above the horizontal meridian were selected the proportion of detachments showing some resolution rose to 30%. In 8% of cases a paradoxical response occurred, the detachment increasing in depth or extending to involve an additional area of retina.

Eye Movements↗