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Biomedical subjects

A H Colodny

Publications and source records attributed to A H Colodny.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Neonatal gastrointestinal masses arising late in gestation.

Gastrointestinal masses arising late in gestation form a small but important subgroup of neonatal abdominal masses. Thirteen infants were seen in the first day of life with abdominal distension or a mass. They had radiographic evidence of a mass and intestinal obstruction, and had masses containing meconium, liquid, or necrotic bowel in association with peritonitis. Results indicated a varied etiology. Six cases seemed to belong to one of three previously described entities: volvulus with pseudocyst formation, cystic meconium peritonitis, or segmental dilatation of the bowel. The other seven had features common to two or more of these entities.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1980

The unstable bladder in childhood.

A comprehensive study of children with voiding dysfunction, which included careful documentation of voiding habits, thorough radiologic investigation, and urodynamic evaluation was undertaken. Proposed etiologic factors, indications for therapy, and results of treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal hydronephrosis caused by vesical diverticula.

Bladder diverticula are uncommon in infants and are an uncommon cause of hydronephrosis in newborns but can cause significant problems. A thorough diagnostic approach must include both excretion urography and cystourethrography. Early appropriate surgical intervention will result in preservation of renal function.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1978

Clue to diagnosis of neonatal urinary ascites. Relative radioluency of liver shadow.

About 25 per cent of neonatal ascites is caused by urinary tract disease. Opacification of the ascitic fluid by leakage of contrast material during cystography or intravenous urography may lead to striking relative radioluency of the liver. This phenomenon may be an important clue to the differential diagnosis of the etiology of neonatal ascites.

Ascites↗
PubMed1978

Lesions of Cowper's ducts and glands in infants and children.

Lesions of Cowper's duct and gland are more common than previously reported. They may be asymptomatic or may cause micturition difficulties or urinary retention. They may be congenital or acquired (usually inflammatory). Radiographic findings are either a rounded filling defect arising from the floor of the bulbous urethra or reflux into a dilated duct which parallels the bulbomembranous urethra. Panendoscopic fulguration is a simple and effective method of treatment for symptomatic patients with retention cysts. Asymptomatic patients do not need any therapy. A dilated duct should not be confused with partial urethral duplication, a urethral diverticulum, or an ectopic ureter since such an error may lead to an unnecessary operation.

Bulbourethral Glands↗
PubMed1977

Strictures of the ileal loop.

Intrinsic ileal loop strictures in children are much more common than previously reported. They occur late and are usually clinically silent. Their etilogy is inflammatory rather than ischemic and a local immunosuppressive effect of urine also may play a role. Periodic urography, continued indefinitely, is the only certain method of early detection.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Diagnostic aspects of neonatal ascites: report of 27 cases.

Review of 27 cases of massive ascites found in the first month of life, usually immediately after delivery, revealed a broad spectrum of causes. Seven newborns had urinary ascites, five had bowel disease, three had cardiac arrhythmias, two had liver disease, and one each had toxoplasmosis, ovarian cyst, and chylous ascites. In seven cases the cause was never established. Physical examination, a planned sequence of radiologic examinations, and paracentesis for fluid analysis when necessary are the major steps in differential diagnosis. A systematic approach to the problem is proposed.

Ascites↗
PubMed1977

Huge splenic cyst in a newborn: comparison with 10 cases in later childhood and adolescence.

Radiographic, sonographic, and histologic findings in a case of a huge splenic cyst in a newborn are presented. The patient had the characteristic findings, particularly the visceral displacement, associated with splenic cysts in a series of 10 older children and adolescents. The occurrence in a newborn of a large splenic cyst histologically similar to those found in older children supports the hypothesis that they are developmental rather than traumatically acquired.

Cysts↗
PubMed1977

Renal parenchymal infections in children.

The excretion urogram-nephrotomogram is the most important imaging study in the diagnosis of renal parenchymal infection in children. If renal parenchymal infections are discovered before significant necrosis has occurred, vigorous treatment with appropriate parenteral antibiotics may result in resolution without the need for surgical drainage.

Abscess↗
PubMed1977

Testicular tumors in infants and children.

Forty three children with testicular tumors have been presented. Eighty per cent of these tumors were malignant, and 60 per cent occurred in children less than two and one half years of age. Twenty of the 24 malignant germinal tumors were embryonal cell carcinomas. The mean age of the patients at presentation of these tumors was 18 months. Nine patients underwent orchiectomy alone, and five of these have died. Eleven received combined therapy, and all have survived. We currently recommend radical orchiectomy and extended unilateral retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. If examination of the nodes reveals evidence of metastases, a bilateral dissection is done. Radiotherapy is given only in the presence of nodal metastases. Adjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine, actinomycin D, and Cytoxan is given for two years to all patients with malginant nonseminomatous germ cell tumors or sarcomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation and management of infants and children with neurogenic bladders.

The clinical management of infants and children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction relies heavily on radiologic studies to follow the status of the upper tracts. Radiology also plays a vital role in the evaluation of patients who are candidates for insertion of an artificial urinary sphincter, or reconstruction of their previously diverted urinary tracts.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Growth, course, and prognosis after surgery for Crohn's disease in children and adolescents.

Surgery is often performed because of growth failure when Crohn's disease occurs in children and adolescents, but the long-term responses of such therapy are not known. Thirty-seven children and adolescents were followed from 2 to 26 years after resections for Crohn's disease. Twenty-eight patients had disease that involved both the colon and terminal ileum; disease was limited to the small intestine in eight patients and to the stomach in one. At the time of surgery 16 patients were at or below the third percentile for weight and only 16 had reached puberty (all of these were older than 14.5 years). Fourteen patients (11 prepubertal, 3 pubertal) had severe impairment of linear growth; height and was at or below the third percentile or linear growth was absent for more than a year. At the time of the first operation, seven patients had incomplete resections and have had persistent disease. The remaining 30 patients had complete resections as determined by gross and histological criteria. Of these, 12 have had recurrences and 18 have been free of disease. Of the 11 prepubertal patients with preoperative linear growth failure, only two had catch-up growth after surgery. The remaining nine and all of the pubertal patients have either failed to grow or have maintained their height in their preoperative percentile. Catch-up growth after surgery for Crohn's disease occurs only in those children who are operated on before puberty and in whom there is no early recurrence. The recurrence rate for this group of patients was 30%; most recurrences occurred within two years of the initial resection. Growth failure, therefore, may be considered an important indication for surgery in the prepubertal child with Crohn's disease, but it probably is not an indication after onset of puberty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Reflux into the unused ureter.

Reflux occurs into unused ureters in patients with urinary diversion and renal tranplantation, and into the ipsilateral ureter in patients with renal agenesis or dysplasia. Efflux may prevent reflux in patients with normal ureterovesical anatomy. If urine begins to flow down the ureter again the reflux may cease. Thus, in patients undergoing urinary tract reconstruction, undiversion should be done before an antireflux operation is performed. Reimplantation can be done after undiversion on a normal capacity bladder if the reflux persists.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Duplication of the urethra.

Ten patients with patent urethral duplication are presented. Nine patients had two independent patient channels originating from the bladder or the posterior urethra. Both voiding cystourethro and retrograde urethrography are necessary to completely evaluate this anomaly. In each instance the ventral channel, regardless of the position of its meatus, proved to be the more functional urethra. In those patients whose dorsal channel was in an epispadiac position, the symphysis pubis was abnormally wide. A functionally and anatomically accurate classification is proposed, and the embryology of these anomalies is discussed.

Child↗