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Biomedical subjects

A Høiseth

Publications and source records attributed to A Høiseth.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Osteoporosis. Bone mass, fractures, treatment and compliance].

Following bone mineral mass measurement on 4,960 women, a follow-up study showed that the women who came from the rural area around Trondheim had higher, age-adjusted bone mass and fewer fractures than those from the Oslo area, thus suggesting a geographic difference in bone mass and fracture risk. The differences in fracture rate were explained by the difference in mean bone mass in the two populations. The majority of the women with the lowest bone mass had started medical intervention, and the compliance was higher than 80%. It was highest among those women with the lowest bone mass. Because the patients had had the bone mineral measurements carried out on their own initiative, they are being followed up by their own doctors. However, there may be a need for closer individual follow-up of those who have the lowest bone mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Who is susceptible to osteoporosis? What is the significance of bone mass and clinical factors?].

This paper reports on a questionnaire study based on 4,960 women who had had DXA-measurements of bone mineral mass performed in Oslo and Trondheim. There was a great variation in bone mass in all age groups. The age-adjusted bone mass was a major contributing factor in all the fractures. Fractures in the femoral neck and other appendicular locations were most strongly related to femoral bone mass, while the spinal fractures were most strongly related to bone mass measured in the lateral projection of the spine. Clinical risk factors were only slightly related to bone mass and even less so to fractures. These relationships were of too little significance to adequately predict individual bone mass or the likely occurrence of fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Unacceptable quality in certain sectors of medical research].

Errors have become so common in certain sectors of medical research that the situation has been described as a scandal. The criticism applies in particular to research based on measurements, where incorrect application of mathematical and statistical methods has become accepted as the correct approach. This has had unacceptable practical consequences, and the situation requires immediate steps to raise the level of quality. The author discusses some basic aspects of measurements in general, and serious errors associated with bone mineral measurements in particular.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1995

Pairwise strength relationships of cortical and cancellous bone in human femur: an autopsy study.

To analyze the mechanical properties of cortical and cancellous bone in the femur and relate them to bone mineral, we retrieved 14 pairs of femurs from elderly subjects at autopsy. Bone mineral was measured by quantitative single-energy computed tomography. Significant associations were found between two types of cortical bone mechanical tests, three-point bending and pull-out of screw, one performed on the right and the other on the left femur. Similarly, pairwise associations were found between the mechanical tests of cancellous bone, punch and cube compression, one performed on the right and the other on the left femur. Also, all mechanical tests correlated with bone mineral as determined by quantitative single-energy computed tomography. In general, bone mass measures correlated better with bone strength than did bone density measures. However, the cortical and cancellous bone mechanical properties were not interrelated, which suggests a separate regulation of the strength of these two types of bone. Bone mineral may not only have importance for the occurrence of fractures; it should be considered as an important factor in the fixation of fragile bone.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Bending strength of the femur in relation to non-invasive bone mineral assessment.

To analyze the importance of bone mineral for the strength of the distal diaphyseal femur, we studied 14 distal cadaver femora by quantitative computed tomography, (QCT) dual energy X-ray (DXA) absorptiometry and three-point bending. The femora were retrieved at autopsy from 10 male and 4 female donors aged median 74 yr (range 59-92 yr). Significant correlations were found between three bone mineral mass related parameters--QCT bone mass (density x slice area), DXA mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC)--and mechanical parameters. Second area moment equivalents correlated significantly with the mechanical properties of the distal femur. QCT density did not show the same high correlations. The results indicate that the structural strength of diaphyseal bone is determined more by its geometry than mineral density. Assessment of bone mass by QCT or DXA may become important not only for assessment of fracture risk but also for planning of internal fixation in the treatment of osteporotic fractures. Further studies are required to investigate the clinical importance of these observations.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1993

Holding power of the 4.5 mm AO/ASIF cortex screw in cortical bone in relation to bone mineral.

To obtain basic data about the holding power of a 4.5 mm AO/ASIF cortex screw in cortical bone in relation to bone mineral as expressed by densitometric methods, uniaxial pull-out tests were performed on 14 human cadaver femurs. The mechanical parameters were correlated with bone mineral which was assessed by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). High correlations were found between the QCT mass, the DXA density and content values and the holding power of the screw. The QCT density values, expressing the physical density of the bone, did not correlate similarly well.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Intraoperative ultrasonography of the liver].

Intraoperative ultrasound is the most recent diagnostic tool in liver surgery. It presents the surgeon with a technique that can provide detailed information about liver tumours and their topography prior to surgery. It also provides very good visualization of the vascular tree of the liver. This article gives a detailed description of the technique of intraoperative ultrasound of the liver. It also presents results from two groups of patients: 30 patients who underwent laparatomy for colorectal cancer (n = 16) or for liver tumours (n = 14) were examined by intraoperative ultrasound of the liver. The results were compared with the observations made by preoperative ultrasound examination. In seven patients the intraoperative ultrasound examination showed liver tumors that had not been detected preoperatively. The intraoperative ultrasound was decisive for the operative strategy in three of the patients treated for liver tumours. In one of the patients operated on for colorectal cancer, in whom the intraoperative ultrasound examination revealed a previously unrecognized metastasis, a liver resection is now planned. Our study confirms that intraoperative ultrasound is a valuable form of examination in patients treated for colorectal cancer and is important for deciding the surgical strategy for patients treated for liver tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Prediction of disturbed healing in femoral neck fracture. Radiographic analysis of 149 cases.

To determine factors predictive of early healing disturbances after fixation of femoral neck fracture, the radiographic and clinical data of 149 patients were subjected to a logistic regression analysis comparing them with the results 3 months postoperatively. As in previous studies, fracture reduction distinguished between fractures with or without healing disturbances. The following signs in the preoperative radiographs were predictive of unfavorable outcome: small head fragment, comminution of the calcar femorale, and varus angulation of the head. Fractures with negative predictive signs may be selected for primary arthroplasty.

Age Factors↗