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Biomedical subjects

A Haidar

Publications and source records attributed to A Haidar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The value of the cytological exam in the diagnosis of allergic conjunctivitis].

Cytologic investigations was performed in four groups of patients: central group (10 cares), without pathologic lesions; 12 patients were admitted with allergic conjunctivitis (with positive allergy tests, atopic state or clinical manifest allergic diseases), 20 cases with bacterial conjunctivitis; 8 cases with mix allergic and bacterial conjunctivitis (that hardly respond to therapy). Smears from the conjunctivae secretion were air-dried and stained with blue-polycrometanin Drăgan method. Cytologic lesions characteristic for each group of patients are described. Our results suggest that cytology from the conjunctivae secretion is helpful in the diagnosis of the allergic etiology; also, it accurately the allergic components mix conjunctivitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Cytological changes in patients with diabetes mellitus and corneal ulcer].

There were studied 11 diabetic patients, insulin dependents, from 4 were with juvenile diabetes mellitus. These were hospitalized in the Dept. Ophthalm. of the City Hospital of Arad, during 1996-1998, admitted with the diagnosis of corneal ulcer. There were made samples of the gathered secretion from the level of conjunctiva and of the grataj material, gathered at the level of the edges of the corneal ulcer. All samples were stained with the BPT-Drăgan method. There are described cytologic alterations, insisting on details that indicate the severity of the corneal disease. There are taken into consideration cytologic aspects in relationship with the clinical outcome of the disease, pointing out the cellular alterations which announce a nonfavourable prognosis. Cytologic results can improve the diagnosis and they are involved in therapeutic schedule.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed1999

[The efficacy of acyclovir treatment in the therapy of herpetic keratitis].

There were investigated 51 patients, 19 female and 32 male, with ages between 12 and 80 years, hospitalized in the Dept. Ophthalm. of the City Hospital of Arad, during 1995-1997. From these, 21 had the clinical diagnosis of superficial keratitis, typical form of dendritic ulcer, 7 had non-typical forms, and 4 had stromal keratitis; 19 patients recurred. The diagnosis of herpetic keratitis was established correlating the clinical aspect with the cytologic examination, made on conjunctivo-corneane smears. A number of 32 patients received a specific treatment with Acyclovir, in an ointment form in local applications and on general route orally; there were also associated mydriatics and epitelizants of the cornea. The evolution of the disease was evaluated by comparing results obtained in different groups of patients.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1995

Adhesion molecules in inflammatory bowel disease.

The ability of leucocytes to adhere to endothelium is essential for leucocyte migration into inflammatory sites. Some of these adhesion molecules are released from the cell surface and can be detected in serum. The soluble adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E selectin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) were studied in the serum of patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and healthy controls. A second blood sample was taken from patients with active disease after one month of treatment and a third two months after remission was achieved. Tissue expression of the same adhesion molecules was studied by immunohistology. Circulating VCAM-1 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 11, median = 165 U/ml) compared with patients with inactive ulcerative colitis (n = 10, median = 117 U/ml, p < 0.005), active Crohn's disease (n = 12, median = 124 U/ml, p < 0.02), and controls (n = 90, median = 50 U/ml, p < 0.0001). Within each disease group there were no significant differences in E selectin or ICAM-1 concentrations between the active and inactive states, however, patients with active Crohn's disease had significantly higher ICAM-1 concentrations (n = 12, median = 273 ng/ml) than controls (n = 28, median = 168, p < 0.003). VCAM-1 concentrations fell significantly from pretreatment values to remission in active ulcerative colitis (p < 0.01). In Crohn's disease there was a significant fall in ICAM-1 both during treatment (p < 0.01) and two months after remission (p < 0.02). Vascular expression of ICAM-1 occurred more often and was more intense in inflamed tissue sections from patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease than from controls. Vascular labelling with antibody to E selectin also occurred more often in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease. In conclusion, increased circulating concentrations of selected adhesion molecules are associated with inflammatory bowel disease. There is also evidence of local upregulation, particularly of ICAM-1. Differential expression of adhesion molecules in tissue may play a part in the initiation of leucocyte migration and local inflammation; the function of circulating adhesion molecules is unknown, but may play a physiological part in blocking adhesion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Two techniques for electron opaque staining of elastic fibres using tannic acid in fresh and formalin fixed tissue.

Two electron microscopic staining techniques, one using tannic acid-glutaraldehyde as a fixative, and the other using tannic acid-uranyl acetate solution as a stain on ultra-thin sections of glutaraldehyde fixed material, were directly compared for elastic fibre staining on several human and animal tissues. Various concentrations of tannic acid were compared using both techniques. The two techniques were also compared on formalin fixed tissues. The use of tannic acid-uranyl acetate solution as a stain on processed tissue is by far the more consistent technique and achieves equally good results on glutaraldehyde or formalin fixed tissue. It is suggested that the use of the term tannic acid technique/method should be reserved for this particular method to achieve a meaningful interpretation of results in scientific papers.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Fetal breathing during chronic lung liquid loss leading to pulmonary hypoplasia.

The mechanism of oligohydramnios-related pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) is not understood, but is known to involve chronic loss of lung liquid. In order to investigate the recent suggestion that fetal breathing movements are absent or diminished in oligohydramnios-related PH, we made continuous recordings of fetal breathing movements (FBM) during chronic lung drainage in tracheostomized fetal sheep. FBM remained present throughout the drainage period. There was no significant difference in the number or duration of FBM epochs in tracheostomized fetuses compared to controls, although there was a slight reduction in incidence between 126 and 133 days (P = 0.02). PH in the fetuses undergoing chronic lung liquid drainage was confirmed by significant reductions in lung weight, volume, DNA, and total airspace, and in altered maturation. This study is consistent with other data suggesting that inhibition of FBM is not the primary mechanism of oligohydramnios-related pulmonary hypoplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Type IV collagen in developing human lung: a comparison between normal and hypoplastic fetal lungs.

Human lung tissue obtained from 24 aborted fetuses of varying gestational ages (beyond 24 weeks) was examined for immunolocalisation of type IV collagen, using monoclonal antibody. Twelve cases of lung hypoplasia associated with oligohydramnios were compared with 12 normally developed lungs over the same gestational age range acting as control. Type IV collagen was located in alveolar septa and subepithelial basement membranes in all the lungs examined but showed less prominently in hypoplastic lungs than in control lungs of a similar gestational age. The findings suggest a potential role of type IV collagen in maturation of the developing human lung.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1983

[Continuous intra-arterial perfusion of prostaglandin E1 in inoperable stage-IV arteriopathies].

Inoperable stage IV arteriopathies have been treated by intra-arterial PGE1 infusion since January 1978. Inoperability was established in all cases by angiography or by attempted exploration and angiography during operation. Strict criteria for therapy were applied with the result that treatment was administered to only 100 patients among 3,335 cases undergoing vascular surgery. Dosage was 0.1 to 0.2 ng of PGE1 per kilo of body weight and per minute, mean duration of treatment being 34 days. Of the 100 limb extremities probably requiring wide amputations, 47 were saved from immediate amputation, the majority of patients in whom amputation could not be avoided being diabetic. Follow-up in July 1982, 1 to 4 years after treatment, showed that 24 extremities were still intact. Best results were noted in patients with endangiitis obliterans, and long-term results no longer demonstrated differences in patients with or without diabetic arteriopathy. Intra-arterial therapy can be repeated if necessary.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Painful dysphagia due to fracture of the styloid process.

Pain in the neck region following trauma to the mandible can be caused by styloid process fracture. This is usually the result of pressure on the glossopharyngeal nerve as it crosses the gap between this process and the first cervical vertebra. The following paper discusses two case reports of patients who developed painful dysphagia as a result of this type of trauma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epithelial cell morphology and airspace size in hypoplastic human fetal lungs associated with oligohydramnios.

The relative frequency of different types of respiratory epithelial cells in normal fetal lungs (control, CON) and hypoplastic lungs associated with oligohydramnios (OH) was determined at the electron microscopic level and airspace size was measured. At 24+ weeks CON lungs had 82.4 +/- 1.2% undifferentiated cells, 15.9 +/- 1.2% type II cells, and 1.7 +/- 0.4% type I cells (n = 3), whereas OH lungs had 94.6 +/- 2.1% undifferentiated cells, 5.4 +/- 2.1% type II cells, and no type I cells (n = 3). At 36+ weeks CON lungs had 7.8 +/- 3.4% undifferentiated cells, 46.1 +/- 3.1% type II cells, and 46.1 +/- 1.4% type I cells (n = 3), whereas OH lungs had 37.7 +/- 1.2% undifferentiated cells, 42.5 +/- 1.7% type II cells, and 19.8 +/- 0.8% type I cells (n = 3). Differences between CON and OH lungs in the proportions of undifferentiated and type I cells at 36+ weeks were highly significant (p less than .001), whereas type II cell proportions did not differ significantly in either age group. The proportion of lung occupied by airspaces increased from 38.3% at 24+ weeks to 68.7% at 36+ weeks in CON lungs but only from 26.7% to 35.7% in OH lungs. The differences between the groups were significant at both 24+ weeks (p less than .01) and 36+ weeks (p less than .001). Mean airspace size in CON lungs varied from 2.8 x 10(-6) mm2 at 24+ weeks to 4.4 x 10(-6) mm2 at 36+ weeks and in OH lungs from 1.7 x 10(-6) mm2 at 24+ weeks to 2.7 x 10(-6) mm2 at 36+ weeks. These results give quantitative expression to the severity of impaired morphologic maturation in OH lungs.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health structures and hygiene in Lebanese prisons].

Since the end of the civil war in Lebanon (1991), the jailed population has more than doubled, while the real capacity of jails remained the same as in the 70s. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 1999 in all 17 jails then operating in the country, to evaluate the impact of this newly developing situation regarding the structures of hygiene and health services available to prisoners. The stated objectives of this survey were: 1) To identify structural problems; 2) To appreciate those variables affecting the structures which could be modified; 3) To recommend improvement in health conditions in jails The survey included a visit to each jail to evaluate the health structures and services using a standardized check-list, and to interview the jail director. Results indicated that health conditions in jails were inadequate. Each prisoner had 1.3 m2 of personal space on average, in cells most often overcrowded. There were 1.3 shower/100 prisoners on average, with soap and toilet paper rarely provided by the administration. On average, less than 2 general practitioners were found providing about 3 weekly visits per 100 prisoners. Possible interventions involving various social entities were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Shoulder girdle compression syndrome.

Nowadays all compression syndromes at the upper chest like the costoclavicular syndrome, the scalenus syndrome, the hyperabduction syndrome and the Page-von Schroetter syndrome are included under the term of thoracic-outlet-syndrome. Apart from a constitutional disposition (cervical rib, anomalies of the tendons, etc.), it needs special factors like professional activities, sports, trauma, etc. to develop a T.O.S. syndrome. The symptoms range from prickling paresthesia, early fatigue, pains in shoulder and neck, claudication like pains and strong tendency towards swelling and rest pain or peripheral gangrene. Among 3126 vascular-surgical operations 128 transaxillary rib resections were performed during the time from June 1st, 1975 until March 31st, 1980. On 105 occasions rib resection was combined with the thoracic sympathectomy. In only 4 cases the resection of a cervical rib was sufficient to obtain decompression; in 15 cases the first rib had to be resected with a cervical rib. In 3 cases direct reconstructions of the artery and subclavian vein was performed by way of transaxillary approach. Postoperatively, 56% of the patients remained completely asymptomatic, 32% were decidedly improved and 12% unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurilemmoma of the larynx.

Neurogenous tumours of the larynx are extremely uncommon. We describe a case of a neurilemmoma which presented clinically as a discrete nodule on the vocal cord. Simple endoscopic removal under direct vision was performed.

Adult↗