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Biomedical subjects

A Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to A Hashimoto.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Experimental study on organ perfusion by intraaortic balloon counterpulsation with double balloon catheter].

Newly-developed catheter for the intraaortic balloon counterpulsation with cardio-renal assist was examined on animal model. The catheter consists of two balloon segments between which the celiac trunk, the superior mesenteric artery and the renal artery are to be placed. Statistical comparison on each hemodynamic element was carried out between the catheter (DBC), conventional single balloon catheter (SBC) of the same balloon volume as DBC and no assist (None) groups. There were no significant changes between SBC and DBC in cardiac output, femoral arterial flow and central venous pressure. Renal arterial flow and urinary output were significantly increased in DBC (None 14.4 +/- 3.9, SBC 22.6 +/- 5.6, DBC 31.0 +/- 6.9 ml/min in renal arterial flow, None 33 +/- 9, SBC 64 +/- 14, DBC 78 +/- 20 ml/h in urinary output, p < or = 0.05). After the remodeling adjust to the human stature, a clinical application would be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Successful graft replacement of a thoracic aortic aneurysm in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].

We have experienced graft replacement of a thoracic aortic aneurysm in a 42-year-old man with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The patient received graft replacement of the abdominal aortic aneurysm 1 year before this thoracic operation but had no abnormality in his outside appearance. Thoracic CT scan revealed a thoracic aortic aneurysm of 80 mm in maximal diameter. We performed a graft replacement of the thoracic aorta from the ascending aorta to the proximal descending thoracic aorta using deep hypothermia and retrograde cerebral perfusion. The aortic wall was so thin that we used Teflon felt for reinforcement of graft anastomosis at the outside wall of the aortic stump. Type III collagen stain of the resected aortic wall showed deficiency of type III collage, which was consistent with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (type IV). Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient returned to his ordinary life.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical implications of mismatched uptakes of beta-methyl fatty acid analogue and thallium in infarcted myocardium: correlations with coronary stenosis and regional wall motion abnormality].

Myocardial perfusion and fatty acid metabolism were assessed by using myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography with thallium and beta-methyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) during acute and/or late stages of myocardial infarction in 157 infarcted segments of 100 patients. The incidence of reduced thallium perfusion relative to BMIPP uptake ("T-type" mismatch) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower (9%) compared to that of reduced BMIPP uptake relative to thallium perfusion ("B-type" mismatch) (59%) or non-mismatched segment (32%). In an anteroseptal region, B-type dissociation had a significantly higher incidence compared to no or T-type mismatch; 68% vs. 27% vs. 5%, respectively, whereas the incidence of T-type uptake was relatively high in inferior and posterolateral regions; 13%, 11%, respectively. Severe coronary stenosis was observed in 76% of B-type segments and 72% of non-mismatched segments but in only 43% of T-type segments. The incidence of regional wall motion abnormality was significantly lower (46%) in the T-type mismatch segments when compared to the B-type (91%) or non-mismatched segments (96%). In conclusion, myocardial fatty acid metabolism was more markedly impaired compared to an involved coronary perfusion, resulting in the mismatch of perfusion and fatty acid metabolism. Coronary stenosis and regional wall motion abnormality are more closely related to "B-type" mismatch but not necessarily to "T-type" dissociation, probably because of attenuation artifacts in inferior and posterolateral regions in thallium scan.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical results of aortitis syndrome (Takayasu disease) combined with annuloaortic ectasia].

From March 1973 to December 1994, 8 patients (2 males and 6 females) aged 34.4 +/- 7.8 years, underwent composite graft replacement (CGR) for aortitis syndrome combined with annuloaortic ectasia (AAE) in our institute. Five patients showed active aortitis syndrome and steroid therapy was administrated to 2 of them. The mean value of the C-reactive protein (CRP) was 1.6 +/- 1.8 before the operation. The maximum diameter of the ascending aorta was 67.1 +/- 10.3 mm (range 53 to 85 mm). Stenosis and/or ectasia of the neck vessels were recognized in 5 cases, as well as the coronary artery in 2 cases. Isolated CGR was performed in 6 cases, and combined with single CABG to LAD in 1 case and with total arch replacement in 1 case. The enlarged ascending aorta was replaced with main graft using the exclusion method and interposed grafts for coronary arteries were sutured with pledgetted mattress sutures all around the coronary ostia. In patients with stenosis of neck vessels, oxygen saturation of the jugular vein was monitored during extracorporeal circulation for surveillance of cerebral ischemia. There was 1 early death due to pulmonary failure. Seven cases survived without any complications during 4-132 months (mean 83.4 months) of the follow-up period. After the operation, 3 cases required steroid therapy during 4-50 months. We concluded that preoperative control of active inflammation, selection of operative procedures, timing for the operation, and the long-term precise management of the intractable disease were essential for successful treatment of aortitis syndrome with AAE.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Quality of life, subjective health status and health and life satisfaction in rheumatoid arthritis].

A Japanese version of Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) was developed after the original AIMS Version 2 and utilized for Quality of Life (QOL) measurement in 691 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Various medical (physical and laboratory) examinations, which are widely used in the clinical settings for the assessment of RA activity and severity, were also performed by physicians. Interrelationships between QOL, patient subjective health status, and health and life satisfaction were analyzed with the following results: 1: The effect of QOL impairment by RA upon patients' subjective health rating and health satisfaction were not constant over the range of severity of disease status. Pain was found to lower overall subjective health and health satisfaction regardless of RA class. On the other hand, while the deterioration of mobility aspects of QOL had negative effects upon patients' subjective health status and satisfaction among less-disabled RA patients, any of physical aspects of QOL, including the degree of mobility impairment, showed no significant association with patients' subjective health status and satisfaction in the more disabled. 2: Psychological aspects of QOL (mood and tension) had significant associations with patients' subjective health status and satisfaction. In the less severe group, mood impairment had a significant effect on subjective health and satisfaction, while in the more severe group tension showed a significant association. It was indicated that management of psychological aspects of QOL is important in RA patients to improve and advance their subjective health status and satisfaction. 3: Although social aspects of QOL, i.e. social support, social life and job status, showed no significant relationship to subjective health rating and health satisfaction, those with less disease severity who lacked social support and who had a jobless state were likely to have lower disease acceptance and life satisfaction, while those with more severe disease who had less social interaction manifested lower life satisfaction. These results suggested that social aspects of QOL, while not directly associated with subjective health rating, could be important factors affecting disease acceptance and life satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Selection of the surgical methods and surgical outcome of the distal arch aneurysm].

Between January, 1985, and December, 1993, 20 patients (18 males, 2 females; median age 65 years) underwent repair of aneurysms of the distal arch. fourteen patients had sacciform aneurysms and 6 patients had fusiform aneurysms. The approaching methods to the aneurysms were left thoracotomy in 3 patients and median sternotomy in 17 patients, including the so-called "door open method" in 2 patients. The supportive methods during surgery were left heart bypass using a centrifugal pump in 3 patients cardiopulmonary bypass with selective cerebral perfusion in 11 patients, and cardiopulmonary bypass with retrograde cerebral perfusion in 6 patients. The operative methods were patch closure in 4 patients, graft replacement using the inclusion technique in 13 patients, and total arch replacement using the exclusion technique in 3 patients. One patient who underwent left heart bypass died intraoperatively from intractable bleeding, one who had undergone selective cerebral perfusion died postoperatively of rupture of the distal anastomosis and two patients, who were supported with retrograde cerebral perfusion, died postoperatively because of perioperative myocardial infarction or rupture of the dissection arising from the aneurysm. There were three cases with cerebral complications postoperatively. These three patients were supported with selective cerebral perfusion. Graft exclusion technique using a prosthetic graft with three branches under the retrograde cerebral perfusion shortened cardiopulmonary bypass time and heart and brain ischemic time, so that this technique might reduce cerebral complications and should be a promising surgical treatment for the distal arch aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Long-term outcome of left ventricular dysfunction after surgery for severe aortic stenosis.

Thirteen patients with severe aortic stenosis and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < 0.50, Group A) received echocardiographic evaluation before, and early and late after isolated aortic valve replacement. The results were compared with those of 11 aortic stenosis patients without left ventricular dysfunction (Group B). Using two-dimensional echocardiography, left ventricular diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd), left ventricular systolic internal diameter (LVIDs), left ventricular wall thickness (interventricular septum + posterior wall: LVWT), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular end-systolic wall stress (ESWS) were assessed before (Pre), at one month (Early) and 4-7.6 (mean 5.5 +/- 1.0) years (Late) after operation. In the early postoperative period in Group A, significant decrease was observed in LVIDd (5.4 +/- 0.8 to 4.5 +/- 1.0 cm, p = 0.010), LVWT (3.3 +/- 0.7 to 2.9 +/- 0.7 cm, p = 0.027) and LVMI (336 +/- 149 to 222 +/- 112 g/M2, p = 0.013). From the early to late postoperative period FS showed significant improvement in both groups (0.23 +/- 0.12 to 0.32 +/- 0.12 in Group A, p = 0.025 and 0.27 +/- 0.07 to 0.36 +/- 0.07, p = 0.014). However, changes of other parameters were not significant and LVMI in Group A remained twice as high as the normal value. It is concluded from the above results, that LV contraction in aortic stenosis patients with preoperative left ventricular dysfunction improved during the late postoperative period. Although LVMI in the early postoperative period significantly decreased as compared with the preoperative value, it showed no further improvement and remained at an abnormally high level. Therefore, early surgical treatment of severe aortic stenosis before appearance of LV dysfunction should be recommended for postoperative recovery from LV hypertrophy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Immunogenicity of the C-terminal 19-kDa fragment of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1), YMSP1(19) expressed in S. cerevisiae.

The immunogenicity of the C-terminal 19-kDa fragment of Plasmodium falciparum MSP1 expressed in yeast as a nonfusion product, YMSP1(19), was studied. Immunization with YMSP1(19) in rabbits induced high titers of Abs specific for native conformational epitopes on parasite MSP1. In mice, immunogenicity was dependent on the mouse strain and the adjuvant formulation. This suggests that different adjuvants may alter the immunogenicity of MSP1(19) in a genetically diverse population. Although YMSP1(19) induced anti-MSP1 Abs, they did not inhibit in vitro parasite growth. This contrasts with the strong inhibitory activities of Abs produced against a recombinant MSP1(42) (BVp42), which contains the entire MSP1(19) coding sequence. Further analyses showed that YMSP1(19) was the target of the inhibitory, anti-BVp42 Abs because YMSP1(19) could completely block binding of anti-BVp42 Abs to parasite MSP1 or BVp42. Moreover, depletion of YMSP1(19)-specific Abs completely abolished the parasite inhibitory activities of anti-BVp42 sera. Anti-YMSP1(19) sera did not block the inhibitory activities of anti-BVp42 sera, suggesting that inhibitory epitopes were not in close structural proximity with noninhibitory epitopes. The finding that YMSP1(19) possessed inhibitory epitopes but induced anti-MSP1 Abs that were not inhibitory suggests that although the T-epitope(s) produced by immunization with YMSP1(19) could provide help for Ab production, it did not induce an effective inhibitory Ab response. We hypothesize that the nature/specificity of T helper epitopes on MSP1 may be crucial in efficient induction of biologically relevant and/or protective Abs.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

Effect of membrane surface potential on the uptake of anionic compounds by liposomes.

The effect of membrane surface potential on the uptake of several anionic compounds by liposomes (large unilamellar vesicles), which contain various amounts of dipalmitoylphosphatidylserine (DPPS), was investigated. The uptake amount of four tested anionic compounds (cefixime, benzyloxyindoleacetic acid (BOIAA), ceftibuten and S-1006) decreased with an increase in the DPPS content of liposomes, and was correlated with the membrane surface potential monitored using a fluorescent dye, 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS). Moreover, for all of the tested anionic compounds, a good correlation was observed between the ratio of the uptake value (5 min) by each of the liposomes comprising various amounts of DPPS to the uptake value by liposomes containing 10% DPPS and a relative membrane surface potential monitored by ANS. On the other hand, the uptake of zwitterionic compounds (enoxacin, cephradine and benzyloxytryptophan (BOTP)) was independent of DPPS content. These results suggest that the uptake of tested anionic compounds by large unilamellar lipid vesicles is dependent on the membrane surface potential which originates in the surface negative charge.

Anions↗
PubMed1994

Changes in the permeation rate of organic anions through the intestinal brush-border membrane with membrane surface potential.

The effects of membrane surface potential on the uptake of anionic compounds by rat intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles were investigated. The uptake amount of all tested anionic compounds (ceftibuten, cefixime, benzylpenicillin, s-1006 and rentiapril) in the neutral medium (pH 7.5) was lower than that in the acidic medium (pH 5.5). Changes in surface potential of brush-border membrane vesicles were monitored using a fluorescence dye, 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), and the results suggested an increase of a negative charge on the membrane surface proportional to the increase of the pH of medium. A good correlation was observed between the initial uptake rate of all tested anionic compounds and relative membrane surface potential monitored by ANS. Moreover, the uptake of cefixime by artificial liposome made from PC containing various amount of DPPS was measured. The uptake value of cefixime was decreased in proportion to an increase of DPPS content. These results suggest that the permeation of anionic compounds across intestinal brush-border membrane is dependent on surface potential originate in the surface negative charge.

Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
PubMed1994

Isolated dissecting aneurysm of the common iliac artery: report of a case.

Isolated dissecting aneurysms of the peripheral arteries which are not accompanied by a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta are rarely observed. We report herein the unusual case of a 54-year-old man in whom an isolated common iliac aneurysm was found to be caused by isolated dissecting aneurysms of the left common iliac artery.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1994

Twelve years' experience with the St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis.

Since July 1978, 1,284 patients have received the St. Jude Medical prosthesis (425 aortic, 636 mitral, and 223 double aortic-mitral), and the results in these patients were reviewed according to guidelines of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Follow-up was complete in 98%. Of 80 late deaths, 29% were valve related. The actuarial survival rate, including operative deaths, at 12 years was 81.7% and 87.1%, respectively, for aortic and mitral valve replacement, and it was 82.6% at 11 years after double valve replacement. All patients were anticoagulated with warfarin to maintain the thrombotest value between 10% and 25%, which is equivalent to between 2.8 and 1.6 times the control according to the international normalized ratio of the prothrombin time. The linearized rate of complication for aortic, mitral, and double valve replacement, respectively (expressed as the percent per patient-year), was as follows: structural deterioration, 0; non-structural dysfunction, 0.16, 0.30, and 0.20; valve thrombosis, 0.05, 0.09, and 0; thromboembolism, 1.35, 1.63, and 0.79; anticoagulant-related hemorrhage, 0.10, 0.18, and 0.10; and prosthetic valve endocarditis, 0.21, 0.06, and 0.20. Reoperation was performed in 16 patients. The freedom from reoperation rate at 12 years was 99.5% and 98.0% for aortic and mitral valve replacement, respectively, and it was 99.1% at 11 years for double valve replacement. Thus, during the 12-year follow-up in patient who received the St. Jude Medical prosthesis, the valve performed satisfactorily and with an acceptable risk of late complication even though patients were anticoagulated using a lower dose of warfarin.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

[Anaerobic respiratory infection--evaluation of methods of obtaining specimens].

Anaerobic cultures were performed on various kinds of specimens obtained from 67 patients with respiratory infections. The infections consisted of 33 cases of pneumonia, 14 cases of lung abscess, 6 cases of pyothorax, 9 cases of chronic lower respiratory tract infection, and 5 cases of infection of pulmonary cyst. Specimens included bronchoscopic specimens obtained using a single tube or protected catheter brush (PCB), transtracheal aspirate, percutaneous lung aspirate, aspirate using a suction tube through the tracheostomy or intubation tube, and pleural fluid. Anaerobes were isolated in 80% of pyothorax, 43% of lung abscess, and 15% of pneumonia (42% of aspiration pneumonia), respectively. Anaerobes isolated frequently in respiratory infections included Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp. In regard to the type of specimen, bronchial aspirate obtained by bronchoscopy was useful in examination of pneumonia, and was useful as percutaneous lung aspirate in examination of lung abscess. But there was discrepancy of culture results between specimens obtained by different methods in the same patient. To confirm anaerobes as pathogens in respiratory infections, it is necessary to select an appropriate method to obtain specimens and to interpret the culture results comprehensively.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Minute virus of canines (MVC, canine parvovirus type-1): pathogenicity for pups and seroprevalence estimate.

Minute virus of canines (MVC, canine parvovirus type-1) caused inapparent to severe illness in neonatal specific-pathogen-free pups exposed by the oronasal route. The experimental disease was generally mild. Four of 21 infected pups had clinical signs of respiratory illness, but only 2 pups, not euthanized during the early postinoculation period, developed severe illness or died. Principal pathologic changes included bronchitis and interstitial pneumonia with various degrees of lymphadenitis. In contrast to the reported field cases, enteric signs were absent in the experimentally infected animals. Histopathologic changes in the small intestine were mild or absent. Bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar epithelial cells appeared to be the sites of initial and most extensive viral growth, reflecting the pattern of histopathologic changes. The disease caused by MVC was mild in comparison to that caused by canine parvovirus-type 2. MVC now appears to be established as a cause of illness in young pups and of transplacental infections with embryo resorption. The prevalence of MVC hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies was high (approximately 50%) in adult dog sera from widely separated geographic areas of the United States.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Investigation of "signal" constituents for the evaluation of animal crude drugs. I. Free amino acids and total amino acids.

The contents of free amino acids (FAA) and total amino acids (TAA; including peptide and protein forms) in 10 animal drugs were determined using precolumn-derivatization high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the FAA and TAA content was characteristic for a particular animal crude drug. For example, Bezoar Bovis contained much more taurine relative to the FAA and TAA content compared with other crude drugs, and kokurozin contained much more TAA and much less secondary amino acids relative to TAA compared with koukuzin. FAA and TAA were proved to be "signal" constituents for the evaluation of animal crude drugs.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

Electrochemical method for estimating the antioxidative effects of methanol extracts of crude drugs.

The antioxidative effects of methanol extracts of crude drugs were estimated by an electrochemical method because there are many electrochemically-active substances in natural antioxidants. Twelve kinds of crude drugs, which had been reported to exhibit strong activity in an antioxidative test based on the air oxidation of linoleic acid, were studied. The oxidative capacity calculated from voltammograms of their methanol extracts were compared and examined together with data on their radical scavenging effects. The results showed that the electrochemical behavior in most cases correlated with the radical scavenging effect. Crude drugs which had clear oxidative peaks below +1.2 V and a large oxidative capacity were suggested to have strong radical scavenging effects. It was clear that substances oxidized at lower potentials had stronger radical scavenging effects than those oxidized at higher potentials. Therefore, this electrochemical method can be considered as a rapid and simple method for estimating the antioxidative effects as a radical scavenger.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1994

Effect of posture on bronchial reactivity to inhaled methacholine in patients with mitral valve stenosis.

To compare the effects of posture on bronchial reactivity in 12 patients with mitral valve stenosis (MS) and 10 with bronchial asthma (BA), a methacholine inhalation test was performed 2 h after being in either a supine or sitting position. All patients showed bronchial hyperreactivity to inhaled methacholine before the study. In MS patients, logarithmic values of the cumulative dose producing a 35 percent decrease in respiratory conductance (log PD35Grs) were significantly lower 2 h after being in a supine position than in those after being in a sitting position (0.71 +/- 0.78, 1.02 +/- 0.53 log units, respectively, p < 0.05). In BA patients, however, log PD35Grs did not show significant changes (0.42 +/- 0.51, 0.58 +/- 0.48 log units, respectively). Variables of pulmonary function tests showed no significant differences between the two positions in both patients with MS and BA. We conclude that the bronchial hyperreactivity in MS is enhanced after the supine position for 2 h and that the supine posture may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac asthma.

Adult↗