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Biomedical subjects

A Hegde

Publications and source records attributed to A Hegde.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Development and characterization of a new tropical marine fish cell line from grouper, Epinephelus coioides susceptible to iridovirus and nodavirus.

The development and characterization of a new tropical marine fish cell line (GS), derived from the spleen of orange spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides is described. The GS cells grow well in Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum, and have been subcultured more than 200 times. The optimal growth temperature was 27 degrees C. The GS cell culture consisted of mostly fibroblastic cells. The modal diploid chromosome number was 48. GS cell cultures showed advanced cytopathic effects after infection with a pathogenic grouper iridovirus (Singapore grouper iridovirus, SGIV) or with a grouper nodavirus (Epinephelus tauvina nervous necrosis virus, ETNNV). Analysis by transmission electron microscopy showed a large number of SGIV and ETNNV particles in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells, respectively, indicative of high sensitivity to these two viruses. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that iridovirus-infected GS cells reacted strongly with monoclonal antibody against the grouper iridovirus. It is suggested that the GS cell line has good potential as a diagnostic tool for isolation and propagation of iridovirus and nodavirus. When the GS cells were transfected with pEGFP vector DNA, significant fluorescent signals were observed suggesting that the GS cell line can be used as a useful tool for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Nodavirus infection in freshwater ornamental fish, guppy, Poicelia reticulata--comparative characterization and pathogenicity studies.

Biochemical, genomic and serological studies were carried out to characterize a virus obtained from diseased guppy, Poicelia reticulata. The SDS-PAGE analysis of CsCl purified virus showed two distinct bands with molecular weight of 42 kDa and 110 kDa. A 1367 nucleotide region of the coat protein gene was sequenced, which includes one full open reading frame of 1017 nucleotides and a region of 350 nucleotides at the 3'end. The nucleotide identity of this strain with the nodavirus isolated from Epinephelus tauvina (Singapore strain) is 98% and with other strains of fish nodaviruses the identity is more than 75%. Western blot analysis using rabbit antisera raised against the nodavirus from marine fish, E. tauvina confirmed its antigenic similarity to the marine nodavirus isolate. Asymptomatic infection in guppy fry was observed following experimental infection with this virus and the marine nodavirus isolate (Singapore strain) implying the spread of virus from marine fish to freshwater fish. This report forms the first description of a nodavirus infection in freshwater fish.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of anesthesia and patient preference using the needle-less jet syringe in pediatric dental practice.

Most dentists are aware that local anesthetic injections produce the highest incidence of disruptive behavior in children. Both psychological and physiological monitoring of the response of children to dental injection, support empirical observations of clinicians. The needle-free injector delivers local anesthesia without the use of a needle. This is accomplished by delivering the anesthetic solution under high compressive forces. One hundred children between the ages of 3 to 13 years underwent operative procedures using Madajet XL. There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the instrument. The instrument was completely successful in providing anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

High prevalence of alcoholism in dialysis patients.

Alcoholism is one of the most common psychosocial disorders, affecting approximately 10% of the general population. The impact of alcoholism on the care of patients with other medical illnesses has not been addressed in many of these populations, including patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. We set out to determine the prevalence of alcoholism in an urban hemodialysis population and ascertain whether alcoholism had an effect on compliance in this population. One hundred sixty-three urban hemodialysis patients were screened using the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), a 25-item questionnaire that has been validated in multiple trials. Forty-five patients (27.6%) scored 5 or greater on the MAST. The MAST-positive subjects were younger (age, 55 +/- 15 years versus 64 +/- 13 years) and tended to be men (58% versus 43%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of diabetic kidney disease; however, there were significantly more human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients in the MAST-positive group. The dietary compliance measures of predialysis potassium or phosphorus levels did not differ between the two groups. A trend toward lower serum albumin level was evident in the men in the MAST-positive group (3.75 +/- 0.57 versus 3.91 +/- 0.30 g/dL; P = 0.0212). In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of alcoholism in the urban dialysis population. Alcoholic patients with ESRD are younger and tend to be men. HIV-positive patients with ESRD have a high prevalence of concomitant alcoholism. Compliance indicators of predialysis potassium and phosphorus levels are not affected. However, nutritional status, measured by serum albumin level, tends to be poorer in the alcoholic group.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Effects of steroid hormones on age-related expression and modulation of the lysozyme gene of the oviduct of Japanese quail.

The expression of lysozyme gene in the oviduct of Japanese quail is age-dependent. Here we show that the expression of the gene is altered by three steroid hormones: 17beta-estradiol (E), progesterone (P) and glucocorticoid (dexamethasone, G), and their combinations E+P, E+G and P+G. We also show that the levels/affinities of transacting factors that bind to specific cis-acting elements in the promoter region of the gene change with age and after steroid administration. These factors are sequence-specific, age and steroid-dependent. It is proposed that administration of appropriate doses of steroid hormones after adulthood may extend the reproductive function and egg laying period in birds.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Laser and light cured composite resin restorations: in-vitro comparison of isotope and dye penetrations.

The extent of marginal leakage in class V composite resin restorations cured by visible light and argon laser was observed, in vitro, using 32 extracted primary and permanent anterior teeth, free of caries and any observable fracture lines. Marginal leakage was observed by both 2% methylene blue dye and phosphorous (P32) isotope methods and their efficacy was also assessed. There was a statistically higher degree of marginal leakage in restorations cured by argon laser as compared to visible light by dye method whereas it was not of statistical significance by isotope method. Irrespective of the type of curing and method of observation, primary teeth showed higher degree of marginal leakage. Additionally cervical margin of all the restorations in both primary and permanent teeth showed higher degree of marginal leakage to that of incisal margin by both curing systems and methods used. The dye method was observed to be superior to isotope method towards assessing the extend of marginal leakage.

Chi-Square Distribution↗