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Biomedical subjects

A Hellström

Publications and source records attributed to A Hellström.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Association between urinary symptoms at 7 years old and previous urinary tract infection.

The association between current micturition habits and previous urinary tract infection was analysed among 3553 school entrants aged 7 years by means of a questionnaire. A high incidence of urinary infection, confirmed by urine culture, was found (145 (8.4%) in the 1719 girls and 32 (1.7%) in the 1834 boys). There was a significant association between current symptoms that were suggestive of disturbed bladder function and previous urinary tract infection, but only among girls who were over 3 years of age at the time the first episode was diagnosed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

The relationship between obesity-related metabolic factors and vascular changes in early hypertension.

The relationships of obesity, glucose metabolism and hormonal variables to mean arterial pressure (MAP) regional vascular resistance and signs of structural vascular changes, were determined in 70 men aged 49 years with normal to mildly elevated MAP randomly selected from a population sample. Regional vascular resistances and signs of structural vascular changes were measured in the calf by plethysmography at rest and during maximal dilatation, and in the kidneys by renal blood flow determination during graded subpressor doses of angiotensin II. MAP was positively correlated to body fat, waist circumference, fat cell size, and to blood glucose 60 minutes after an oral load. This supports an association between central obesity, impairment of glucose tolerance and hypertension. MAP was, however, unrelated to sodium intake, blood volume and indices of sympathetic nervous activity and the renin-angiotensin system. Resting vascular resistance in the calf was unrelated to MAP, while renal vascular resistance rose significantly with increasing MAP. Signs of structural change were significantly correlated to MAP in both these vascular areas. These signs were also associated with central obesity of the hypertrophic type and with impairment of glucose tolerance, even when the association to MAP was accounted for. These factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of the structural adaptation of resistance vessels as hypertension develops.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

Plasma amino acid response to single test meals in humans. VI. Determination of available lysine.

The plasma amino acid response to single test meals in young adults was used to determine the amount of physiologically available lysine in heat-treated milk samples. The plasma amino acid responses were evaluated as PAA ratios according to a modified calculation procedure based on the method proposed by Longenecker and Hause. The amount of available lysine was determined by two separate series of single-meal tests. In the first, a relationship was established between the plasma amino acid response (PAA ratio) and the dietary level of lysine (given as synthetic amino acid mixtures). This relationship could be described by linear regression (r = 0.90). This regression line was then used to quantitatively evaluate the lysine PAA ratios obtained from single test meals with heat-treated milk samples. The heat-treatment of the milk samples caused a marked reduction of the amount of physiologically available lysine. The quantitative estimates obtained by the present plasma amino acid technique were in good agreement with determinations of available lysine in the same milk samples based on rat bioassay and chemical analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Time errors and differential sensation weighting.

Sixteen pairs of successive tones, with different amplitude combinations, were presented with 16 combinations of tone duration and interstimulus interval. A separate group of 12 subjects was assigned to each presentation condition and made comparative loudness judgments for each of the pairs. Perceived within-pair loudness differences were scaled by a Thurstonian method using the subjective width of the "equal" category as the unit. The scale differences were well described by weighted linear combinations of the sensation magnitudes of the tones in the pairs. The time error can be regarded as an effect of this differential weighting. For the longer interstimulus intervals, the weight of the second tone was the greater, causing the usual inverse relation between time error and stimulus intensity level. For the shorter interstimulus intervals, these effects were reversed. An analysis of the pattern of weights led to the development of two models, one of which is a generalization of Michels and Helson's time error model. The weights could be interpreted as reflecting the differential efficiency of the loudness information from the two compared stimuli.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

White matter lesions impair initiation of FAS flow.

Word fluency performance is known to rely on left frontal cortical regions and has also been shown to be affected by lesions in the white matter, which may be seen as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging. However, word fluency may be divided into two independent components, initial and late performance, separated in time [J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1998;20:137-143]. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the two components of FAS fluency performance and WMH. Patients varying in degree of memory impairment participated: Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and subjective memory disorder. WMH were rated with the Scheltens scale in the periventricular and deep subcortical areas. Results demonstrated that WMH in this sample of patients may be summarized in two indices according to a principal factor analysis, one anterior factor mainly related to WMH in the frontal lobes and adjacent to ventricles, and a second posterior factor related to parietal and occipital WMH. The initial FAS performance was related to anterior WMH, in particular left frontal or lateral periventricular hyperintensities, whereas the late FAS performance was not related to any index of WMH.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tone duration discrimination in demented, memory-impaired, and healthy elderly.

In order to assess the diagnostic validity of a new test of tone duration discrimination (TDD), we tested elderly subjects, 32 Alzheimer-type (AD) and 11 vascular-type dementia (VAD) patients, 11 memory-impaired (MI), and 21 healthy controls with a TDD test as well as with 18 standard neuropsychological (NP) tests. The TDD test efficiently discriminated demented patients from MI, and MI from controls. As an index of cognitive impairment, the TDD test was sensitive also in comparison to NP tests. This suggests that processing of auditory duration information is impaired in dementia as well as in MI. Patients suffering from AD and VAD differed in that the VAD but not the AD patients improved their TDD performance when the interstimulus interval was lengthened. This shows that the processing of auditory temporary information involves functions sensitive to dementia diseases as well as to MI. The TDD test could add discriminatory power in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dementia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fundus morphology assessed by digital image analysis in children with fetal alcohol syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is associated with anomalies of the eye ground. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of fundus morphology in children with FAS from early childhood to adolescence. METHODS: Funds photographs were evaluated by digital image analysis in 16 children with FAS. Age at the baseline study was between 0.25 and 14 years, and the median follow-up period was 7 years (range: 0.5 to 12). Sixteen sex- and age-matched healthy children were used as controls. RESULTS: Children with FAS had a smaller optic disc area, lower frequency of excavations, greater tortuosity of retinal vessels, and a smaller number of vascular branching points compared with the controls. There were no significant differences in the funds abnormalities between the first and last examinations. CONCLUSION: No interval change of retinal funds morphology was found at follow up, suggesting that the ocular abnormalities associated with FAS remain unchanged during childhood.

Adolescent↗