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Biomedical subjects

A Hennessy

Publications and source records attributed to A Hennessy.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

A unique design for ease of access and movement of captive Papio hamadryas.

Baboons are widely used in biomedical research but their size and behaviour present potential problems with accessibility. A unique system has been developed that ensures ease of access to all animals in a colony of Papio hamadryas. Two distinct caging complexes were linked by a network of overhead races, that are connected to a physical restraint area where individual animals could be separated, restrained and weighed without being handled. Access to and separation of individual family groups was achieved in this manner. This race system proved to be time effective, simple, sturdy, safe and hygienic.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A baboon (Papio hamadryas) model of insulin-dependent diabetes.

Over a period of four years, streptozocin has been used to induce diabetes in 10 baboons, all of whom are insulin dependent. We describe our experience with their husbandry, induction of diabetes, insulin therapy, metabolic control and growth rate. Streptozocin dosage of 60 mg/kg readily induces hyperglycemia with minimal hepatic or renal toxicity. Using a once daily injection of mixed short and intermediate acting insulins at a dosage of 2-4 U/kg, it is possible to maintain a degree of metabolic control similar to that attained in patients.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

It all comes down to degrees. The QI process between two units.

Cold stress is potentially life-threatening to a 600-g neonate. The risk of cold stress is increased during the admission process, when a neonate is transferred from a labor and delivery suite to a patient care unit. At one perinatal center, staff nurses devised a quality improvement plan to assess and reduce the risk of cold stress to patients admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1994

Haemodynamic actions of a nitric oxide (EDRF) synthesis inhibitor in conscious baboons (Papio hamadryas).

1. The haemodynamic effects of intravenous nitric oxide inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (NOLA), were examined in four conscious non-restrained baboons (Papio hamadryas). Mean arterial pressure, (MAP), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and cardiac output (CO) were measured at timed intervals up to 24 h after a bolus injection of NOLA. 2. N-nitro-L-arginine increased blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner up to 9.5 mg/kg. Increases in blood pressure were accompanied by increases in SVR and decreases in CO, with a significant fall in heart rate. 3. One animal received 9.5 mg/kg NOLA and became unconscious, suggesting cerebral vasospasm. 4. Vascular effects of nitric oxide contribute significantly to the regulation of arterial blood pressure under physiological conditions in the baboon.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

Helminthic infestation complicated by intussusception in baboons (Papio hamadryas).

Two juvenile baboons presented with diarrhoea, which did not resolve completely following antibiotic therapy. Ileal intussusception was identified at autopsy in both cases. Trichuris was the only gastrointestinal pathogen for which evidence could be found. This helminth is well-recognized as a cause of intussusception in human infants, but the complication has not been reported previously in non-human primates. It is likely to be fatal if undiagnosed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The incidence and mortality of multiple sclerosis in south east Wales.

The incidence of multiple sclerosis was shown to be 8.2/10(5)/year (definite or probable 5.4 and suspected 2.8/10(5)/year) during a 3 year prospective study carried out in an area of south east Wales which has a high prevalence of the disease (120/10(5). Mortality in affected individuals who were prevalent at the start of the survey was 3.1/10(5)/year; many deaths resulted from direct complications of multiple sclerosis but 38% were due to unrelated causes. The rate at which new cases were identified approximately matched deletions from the register arising from death, outward migration and other causes so that prevalence did not change significantly during the survey (1985-1988).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient attitudes to perioperative suppository administration for postoperative analgesia.

Four hundred surgical patients were questioned preoperatively to ascertain their attitudes to suppository analgesia. Given a choice, 82 per cent of patients expressed a preference for intramuscular administration of diclofenac, with 18 per cent choosing a suppository. Males were more likely than females to choose an intramuscular injection. Males choosing a suppository were more likely to belong to a higher socio-economic group while females choosing a suppository were more likely to be married. Twenty-three per cent of patients who initially opted for intramuscular administration changed to suppository administration when the possibility of pain or discomfort at the injection site was explained. Females who changed to suppository administration were more likely to belong to a higher socio-economic group and to be married. Twenty-seven per cent of patients choosing an intramuscular injection expressed concern if a suppository were to be inserted without consent. Eleven per cent of patients choosing a suppository expressed similar concern. There is an overall reluctance, particularly within the male population to accept suppository analgesia. Patients from higher socio-economic groups may be more willing to accept what they perceive to be less traditional forms of treatment.

Analgesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placental endothelial nitric oxide synthase localization and expression in normal human pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.

1. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether pre-eclampisa, a state of placental hypoxia, is associated with placental abnormalities in the amount, distribution and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). 2. Localization and intensity of eNOS was determined by immunohistochemistry using an antibody specific for eNOS. The amount of eNOS mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the densitometry of gel bands was expressed as a ratio of the band density of the housekeeping gene beta2-microglobulin. 3. Endothelial NOS staining was localized to syncytiotrophoblast cells within the villi and decidual trophoblast cells. It was not present in the endothelium of terminal villous vessels. There was no significant difference in eNOS villous or decidual staining intensity between normal pregnancy (NP; n = 12), pre-eclampsia (n = 14), or gestational hypertension (GH; n = 4). Staining for eNOS was not significantly different in the decidua compared with the villi in NP, GH or pre-eclampsia. Within the decidua, the depth of eNOS staining was similar in NP, pre-eclampisa and GH. 4. There was no significant difference in eNOS mRNA expression between NP (0.70 +/- 0.11), pre-eclampsia (0.5 +/- 0.07) or GH (0.69 +/- 0.26). 5. These findings suggest that the amount of eNOS in the placenta is not deficient in pre-eclampsia, excluding a possible pathogenic role for eNOS in this disease. Furthermore, placental hypoxia, which is associated with pre-eclampsia, did not induce an upregulation of eNOS

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The management of dural puncture in obstetrics and the efficacy of epidural blood patches.

Epidural blood patch is the definitive treatment for post dural puncture headaches (PDH), providing acceptable short-term relief. Disappointingly however debate exists as to their long-term success. To investigate their efficacy in our practice, a retrospective audit of all epidural blood patches performed over a four year period was performed. Patients were subsequently followed up using a postal questionnaire and persistent symptom relief and patient satisfaction was measured. During the study period 87 patients required an epidural blood patch, 11 required repeat patches. 71.26% of patients had complete symptom resolution on discharge. The response rate to follow up survey was 73.26% with the majority, 57.44%, replying that their symptoms returned following their discharge home. Only 25.53% said they would have an epidural or spinal anaesthetic for future deliveries. Epidural blood patches provide excellent short-term relief but long-term results are disappointing. Patients receiving epidural blood patches need improved long-term follow up.

Adult↗