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Biomedical subjects

A Hepp

Publications and source records attributed to A Hepp.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Experimental studies of the hemodynamics of disopyramide in comparison with quinidine].

The haemodynamic effects of quinidine and disopyramide i.v. were investigated in 79 rats. Measurements were performed in the intact circulation (LVP, AoP, dp/dtmax). Myocardial function was examined independently of circulatory changes by isovolumetric registrations (peak LVP). Animals with NaCl infusion served as controls. After infusion of 5 mg/kg (10 mg/kg) quinidine, we obtained a reduction (p less than 0.05) in the left ventricular pressure to 81.6 +/- 3.1% (82.6 +/- 3.7%), in the mean aortic pressure to 70.7 +/- 3.4% (79.3 +/- 6.7%), in dp/dtmax to 73.9 +/- 5.6% (72.8 +/- 6.2%), and in the heart rate to 69.7 +/- 7.4% (69.9 +/- 5.4%). Isovolumic pressure maxima after quinidine were not different from the controls (90.7 +/- 2.4% and 93.6 +/- 1.5% respectively vs. 96.1 +/- 1.0%). 1 mg/kg disopyramide caused no significant haemodynamic changes. 2 mg/kg disopyramide led to a slight increase in dp/dtmax (107.2 +/- 5.6%, N.S.), while 4 mg/kg disopyramide had a tendency to reduce the left ventricular pressure (88.5 +/- 6.2%), mean aortic pressure (80.5 +/- 14.8%) and dp/dtmax (75.1 +/- 8.0%). After 4 mg/kg disopyramide, the isovolumic maxima were reduced. Our results indicate that the haemodynamic side effects of class-I antiarrhythmic drugs are different. Quinidine i.v. caused a reduction in pressures and heart rate, but had no influence on the isovolumic pressure maxima. Disopyramide i.v., on the other hand, had no significant haemodynamic effects in clinical doses. After high (not clinically used) doses of disopyramide (4 mg/kg), which also led to high plasma levels, myocardial performance was depressed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Negative inotropic effect of class-I-antiarrhythmic drugs: comparison of flecainide with disopyramide and quinidine.

An important side-effect of antiarrhythmic drugs is their negative inotropic action. To investigate this after i.v. administration we compared the newer class-I-antiarrhythmic drug flecainide (2 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg kg-1) with disopyramide (1 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg kg-1), quinidine (5 mg and 10 mg kg-1) and saline (controls). Isovolumic measurements of ventricular function by short aortic crossclamping were performed in 82 open-chest rats and peak left ventricular isovolumic pressure (LVSP) and peak isovolumic dp/dt max were determined 5 and 15 minutes after intravenous drug injection. All drugs decreased isovolumic indices of myocardial function dose-dependently. Flecainide reduced peak isovolumic LVSP and dp/dt max only after 8 mg kg-1 (to 85 +/- 3% and 45 +/- 5%, resp., means +/- SE, P less than 0.01), 2 mg kg-1 and 4 mg kg-1 had no significant effect. Disopyramide influenced myocardial function already at 4 mg kg-1 (peak LVSP 88 +/- 4%, P less than 0.05, peak dp/dt max 64 +/- 7%, P less than 0.01, means +/- SE), 8 mg kg-1 had an even more marked depressive effect (peak LVSP 81 +/- 4%, peak dp/dt max 50 +/- 8%, means +/- SE, P less than 0.01). 5 mg kg-1 and 10 mg kg-1 quinidine both decreased peak LVSP and peak dp/dt max (91 +/- 3% and 92 +/- 1%, resp., and 80 +/- 5% and 74 +/- 6% means +/- SE, P less than 0.05). Thus, disopyramide had the most marked negative inotropic potential of the investigated class-I-antiarrhythmic drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Modification of hemodynamics by intravenous administration of flecainide].

We investigated the influence of the new class-I antiarrhythmic drug flecainide on myocardial performance and hemodynamic parameters in Wistar rats (2 mg, 4 mg, 8 mg flecainide/kg). Left ventricular and aortic pressures, dp/dt max, cardiac output and additionally isovolumic left ventricular maxima curves were registered 5 min and 15 min after flecainide (n = 28) or saline (controls; n = 12) i.v. infusion (7 min). 2 mg and 4 mg flecainide/kg had no significant effect on isovolumic indices. 5 min after infusion of 8 mg flecainide/kg peak isovolumic left ventricular pressure was reduced by 84.9 +/- 2.6% vs. 95.6 +/- 1.1% (NaCl), mean +/- SEM (p less than 0.01) and peak isovolumic dp/dt max by 44.5 +/- 4.5% vs. 91.5 +/- 3.6% (NaCl), mean +/- SEM (p less than 0.01). Flecainide caused a significant reduction of heart rate (81.9 +/- 4.7%, 2 mg flecainide/kg vs. 95.4 + 2.5% (NaCl), an AV-block occurred only after administration of 8 mg/kg. Mean aortic pressure was decreased after 4 mg and 8 mg flecainide/kg. 8 mg flecainide/kg significantly reduced the cardiac output (73.1 +/- 7.7%, p less than 0.05). 15 min after 2 mg and 4 mg flecainide/kg infusion the determined parameters were normalized, only a dose of 8 mg/kg caused a prolonged hemodynamic depression. Our results demonstrate that in clinically used dosages no hemodynamic side-effects are detectable. A significant reduction of isovolumic indices of myocardial performance occurs only after infusion of 8 mg flecainide/kg. A transfer of laboratory experiments to the clinical situation is only possible with limitations, but our data might indicate that the myocardial and hemodynamic side-effects of flecainide are relatively small at therapeutic dosages.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Heart transplantation in cardiomyopathy].

Within the spectrum of presently accepted candidates for heart transplantation, end-stage heart failure in dilated cardiomyopathy has become the principle indication. Although several indicators of poor prognosis have been specified, the decision for heart transplantation is primarily made on clinical grounds. Expected long-term survival after transplantation is 60 to 80% at one year and more than 50% at five years. Since July, 1983, 50 patients underwent orthotopic heart transplantation, 38 of whom had been suffering from dilated cardiomyopathy. Ages ranged from nine to 54 years with a mean of 40 years. At present, 38 patients are alive, 34 are discharged from hospital, 14 have returned to work or school. Physical capacity and cardiac function are normal. There was no difference between the cardiomyopathy patients and the coronary artery disease patients with respect to rate and severity of rejection episodes, infection and long-term findings. Heart transplantation is considered a promising routine treatment for end-stage heart failure in particular in younger patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of propranolol and alcohol on hemodynamics and fatality in the rat].

In rats, diastolic and systolic pressure-volume correlations of the intact heart in situ were recorded under control conditions and after various amounts of propranolol and ethanol given intravenously. Besides the cardio-depressant effect of propranolol, there is an additional dose-dependent effect caused by ethanol. The administration of propranolol or ethanol alone, even in high doses, causes no mortality; the combination of both drugs even in low doses is associated with a lethality of about 40%. Only few comparable clinical findings have been presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Left atrial metastasis of chorion carcinoma, presenting as mitral stenosis.

A 35-year-old women developed symptoms of multiple system disease. Three months later she was admitted to hospital and died six days after admission, with signs suggestive of mitral stenosis. Postmortem examination indicated primary chorion carcinoma of the right ovary with metastases to the left atrium, lungs, brain, kidneys, pancreas, mesenteric arteries, and spleen. The signs and symptoms, and the morphological and histological findings at necroscopy, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The influence of antiarrhythmic drugs on the exercise-ecg (author's transl)].

The influence of five most common antiarrhythmic drugs on exercise-electrocadiogram was investigated: prajmaliumbitartrat, quinidinbisulfate, diphenylhydantoine, propranolol, and verapamil. All exercise-tests were performed in eight healthy males. During exercise and the subsequent resting period, the changes in the following parameters were analysed: blood pressure, heart rate, P-Q-time, Q-T-time, and the formal course of the Ecg as well as individual reactions. None of the drugs produced a pathological ECG. As for the analysed parameters, diphenylhydantoine was entirely neutral, whereas propranolol caused the most significant changes. Propranolol lowered heart rate by more than 20% and blood pressure by 10%. Verapamil had a less pronounced effect on diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. Prajmaliumbitartrat and quinidine had no definite effect during exercise and resting period.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cardiac hypertrophy due to physical exercise--an example of hypertrophy without decrease of contractility: unreliability of conventional estimation of contractility by simple parameters.

In 100 young, male Sprague-Dawley rats, a long term swimming training (2 hr/day for 8-12 weeks) produced an increase in heart weight of 10 percent, and an increase of about 15 percent in the relation of heart weight to body weight compared with control rats of the same age and initial weight. In examinations of the mechanical properties of the whole ventricle as well as of trabecular preparations, there was no evidence of impaired myocardial contractile ability because of the swimming training. Some parameters for the estimation of "contractility" increased, whereas others decreased. At a muscle length near lmax, the developed force and the maximal rate of force development were slightly augmented. The results reveal the limited value of some indices of contractility. Alterations in the shape of the contraction curve must to be considered adequately in order to avoid misinterpretations.

Animals↗