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Biomedical subjects

A Hjelmstedt

Publications and source records attributed to A Hjelmstedt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Congenital dislocation of the hip: a biomechanical study in autopsy specimens.

The role of mechanical factors in neonatal hip instability was studied in four experimental series of autopsy specimens. The induced hip deformation and dislocation were examined by serial cryosectioning and cryodissection. Loading of the hips at 45 degrees of flexion with moderate forces for 3 h resulted in deformation and dislocation similar to those found at autopsy in congenital dislocation of the hip. There was no macroscopic damage to the joints. Loading at 135 degrees of flexion--to simulate a breech position--also resulted in dislocation, but the cartilage deformation was less pronounced than after loading at 45 degrees of flexion. When the same hip was loaded first at 135 degrees of flexion for 3 h and then at 45 degrees of flexion for another 3 h, the findings were similar to those following loading at 45 degrees of flexion alone. Thus a redeformation of the hip had taken place during the second step of the experiment. After unloading of the deformed and dislocated hips, marked joint laxity was observed, and examination 3 h after unloading showed incomplete recovery of the deformation.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

Fibrinolysis inhibition after a major standardized trauma.

The present investigation on 20 patients after total hip replacement surgery has confirmed that the posttraumatic increase of the fibrinolysis inhibition activity (FIA) in serum and plasminogen-depleted serum is due to the primary fibrinolysis inhibitor (PFI, alpha 2-antiplasmin). This protein exists in at least two forms and it was indicated that PFI alpha with affinity to immobilized plasminogen, is mainly responsible for the posttraumatic variations of the FIA in plasminogen-depleted serum. PFI beta, the major part of the PFI-related antigen, which has none or low such affinity, displayed weak FIA and relatively small increase after the surgical trauma. It was established that the posttraumatic increase of the FIA was not derived from the low molecular weight fraction in serum of those patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A case of Albright's syndrome treated with calcitonin.

A 23-year-old woman with Albright's syndrome (polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, precocious puberty and irregular cutaneous pigmentations) had sustained multiple fractures and was grossly disabled. Evaluation disclosed markedly raised serum alkaline phosphatases and a high urinary excretion of hydroxyproline, suggesting an accelerated bone turnover, while calcium metabolism was virtually undisturbed. During 12 months therapy with calcitonin, however, no apparent benefit was recorded and there was no evidence of any significant metabolic effects of the treatment. Initial discomfort with nausea and vomiting disappeared after dose reduction whereas diffuse bone and muscle pain, which gradually increased after a few months treatment, did not subside until after cessation of the therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal hip instability. Reason for failure of early abduction treatment.

A series of nine children with hip joint instability in 17 hips, diagnosed neonatally, is presented. Seven had bilateral idiopathic instability and two instability secondary to arthrogryposis, one of them bilateral. After reduction seven of the children (14 hips) were treated with abduction devices, which in all cases did not lead to stability in one or both hips. In these cases arthrography revealed that closed reduction was impossible due to narrowing of the joint capsule (hour-glass shape) and the interposition of a capsular fold including the acetabular labrum. The same types of changes were seen within 1 or 2 months after birth in three hips which had had no abduction treatment before arthrography. At open reduction of 11 hips it was found that the narrowing of the capsule was caused by the tendons of the iliopsoas and rectus femoris muscles. Excision of the capsular fold (labrum) was not necessary. The femoral head was deformed and anteverted. Failure of conservative treatment can be due either to incomplete reduction or to inadequate immobilization. Our analysis has shown that the most probable reason is incomplete reduction due to interposition. An obstacle to reduction should be suspected if abduction is restricted at birth, if primary reduction is difficult and the position difficult to maintain or if instability persists after 8 weeks of treatment. On the basis of our material the incidence of such an impediment to reduction was 0.08 per thousand births in the region studied during a 5-year period.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1977

Simultaneous arthrography of the talocrural and talonavicular joints in children. III. Measurements on normal feet.

Simultaneous arthrography of the talocrural and talonavicular joints was performed on 32 normal feet from an autopsy material, and corresponding examinations were conducted clinically on 22 feet with no signs of deformity. The material comprised the age group 0 to 8 years. A linear correlation was observed between the length of the talus and the width of the talar trochlea. The radius and chord of the trochlear curvature increased proportionately with the length and trochlear width. These relationships were expressed as indices, by means of which the normal values for the radius and chord of the trochlea may be calculated for children up to 8 years of age. The mean value, standard deviation and tolerance limits were calculated for the central angle of the trochlear curvature and for the plantar and medial deviations of the talonavicular joint. These angles were found to be virtually constant between the neonatal period and the age of 8 years.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Thrombosis following hip arthroplasty. A study using phlebography and 125I-fibrinogen test.

Venous thrombosis after hip arthroplasty was studied using the 125I-fibrinogen test and phlebography. Eight out of ten dextran-treated and six out of ten control patients developed thrombosis. The thrombi were small and most frequently dorsal and dorso-lateral veins were involved. There were no thigh thrombi without concurrent calf thrombi. Half of the thrombi were found within the first postoperative week whereas the remainder occurred later. Preoperative venous pathology predisposed to postoperative thrombosis.

Aged↗