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Biomedical subjects

A Hoshika

Publications and source records attributed to A Hoshika.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Non-convulsive status epilepticus.

The clinical, electrographic and reported neuropsychological features of 50 children with non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) were reviewed and the children's progress followed for one to five years. NCSE occurred in a variety of epilepsies, especially the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Clinical manifestations ranged from obvious mental deterioration to subtle changes. The condition had often been overlooked or misinterpreted and many children had experienced repeated episodes over long periods. Following diagnosis, immediate treatment was often not attempted or was not successful. Further episodes of NCSE occurred in the majority of children during the follow up period. Failure to recognise NCSE and to treat episodes promptly, and the high rate of recurrence, is of particular concern in view of fears that repeated exposure to this condition might be brain damaging. At least 28 children in the present series showed evidence of intellectual or educational deterioration over the period during which NCSE had occurred, although the exact cause was difficult to determine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with series of spasms intermixed with tonic seizures].

A patient with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome developed an unusual feature of periodic spasms (PS), intermixed with tonic seizures. At age 14, she began to have unilateral seizures on awaking, followed by series of spasms Each spasm consisted of rotation of the head to the left and global muscle contraction of the whole body lasting for 0.5-1 second. Ictal EEGs revealed diffuse high voltage slow waves (HVSW), sometimes superimposed upon by diffuse low voltage fast activity, which was related to the increase of muscle activity following the spasms. When the duration of the fast activity on EEG became longer than 2 seconds, the peculiar seizures consisting of combination of asymmetrical spasms and tonic seizures occurred. It is speculated that the fast activity superimposed on HVSW seen in PS represents a transition from PS to tonic seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Establishment of HIV-1-producing cells from peripheral mononuclear cells cultured with normal human serum.

Normal human serum (NHS) contributed to the establishment of cells producing HIV-1 under the conditions of coculture of peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) from HIV-1 seropositive patients and of PHA-prestimulated or -non-stimulated PMC from seronegative healthy donors. No addition of IL-2 and Polybrene was necessary. Since, in the case 90101, the mitochondrial displacement-loop DNA showed identical sequences in the established cells and the HIV-1 seropositive patient's cells, it can be asserted that the HIV-1-producing cells originated from the patient. These cells are still releasing HIV-1-virion more than one year after their establishment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Study on fluctuation of several parameters in varicella].

Specific immunological responses (varicella-specific IgG and IgM) and various parameters (interferon, C3, C4, platelet count, erythrocyte count, erythrocyte CR1) in varicella infection were determined over the course of the disease (days) and their relationships to severity and immunological significance evaluated. Defining the day varicella appeared as disease day 0, IgG appeared on the disease day 4 and IgG on day 5. The preceding disease days were dominated by non-specific immunological mechanisms. Interferon appearance preceded that of these antibodies but did not correlate with severity. In serious cases, C3 and C4 increased in the acute stage while platelet count declined. Erythrocyte count decreased in severe cases after disease day 5. Three patients with lower erythrocyte CR1 activity values remained critical. These findings suggested that determining platelet count is expedient in determining severity in the early stage and that the complement pathway is a major component of early immunological response.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE) with anatomical cerebral asymmetry and myoclonus.

The authors report a case of early encephalopathy with myoclonus, tonic spasms and a suppression-burst pattern on electroencephalography (EEG) associated with unilateral cerebral hypertrophy following hemiatrophy. This patient showed frequent myoclonus in relation to a suppression-burst pattern resembling that in early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME). Moreover, the case also showed tonic spasms, from the age of 13 days, in series, as seen in Ohtahara syndrome. On the other hand, there was a previously undescribed peculiar CT scan finding, which showed hypertrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere at birth, following hemiatrophy. Neuropathological examination revealed cerebral atrophy associated with heterotopia and an ependymal hyperplasia in the right hemisphere, suggesting hemimegalencephaly. This case should be classified as Ohtahara syndrome accompanied by myoclonus, because of the spasms in series interrupting the suppression-burst pattern, and the etiological factor of brain malformation. The nosological aspects of this epileptic encephalopathy are discussed.

Atrophy↗