Biomedical subjects

A Hudec

Publications and source records attributed to A Hudec.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Meconium and postnatal neurologic handicaps].

OBJECTIVE: A review of meconium pathophysiology and its contribution to the incidence of postnatal neurological handicap. DESIGN: Reviewed article. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Czech Republic. SUBJECT AND METHOD: Meconium can be a cause of infant neurological handicap. Two main pathogenetic pathways are mentioned. 1. Meconium (and its components: bile acids) may have a direct vasoconstrictive effect on umbilical and placental vessels. This way still remains controversial. 2. Meconium as a possible cause of intraamniotic infection results in a release of fetal cytokines (TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6), which can damage myelinogenesis in periventricular white matter. RESULTS: Meconium in premature labour is a higher risk factor compared to term delivery. 41% of premature infants were diagnosed as having CP when meconium was present compared to 10% in the same group with clear amniotic fluid. The incidence in term pregnancy with meconium present is 0.4% compared to 0.3% in a population without any obstetrical risk. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographically found periventricular leukomalacia is the most reliable sign of subsequent cerebral palsy or other neurological sequelae.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed2000

[Meconium and its significance].

OBJECTIVE: A review of meconium patophysiology and its contribution to the incidence of perinatal infection. DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Czech Republic. METHOD: The reported incidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid varies between 7 and 22%. The patophysiology of the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid is not sufficiently explained. Meconium in fetal bowels is under hormonal and neurol control. The presence of the meconium-stained amniotic fluid was always considered to be a potential risk for the fetal and neonatal well-being. The review is further divided in to three chapters. (II. Meconium and meconium aspiration syndrome, III. Meconium and postnatal neurological handicap). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The first chapter on deals with meconium risk in the development of perinatal infection: intraamniotic infection/chorioamnionitis, postnatal endometritis, infection of the abdominal wound after Caesarean and neonatal infection. The incidence of clinical chorioamnionitis is 15% with the presence of meconium compared to 3% in controls. The incidence of puerperal endometritis is 10% in comparison to 3% under normal conditions. Two main mechanisms of development (or coincidence) of intraamniotic infection in the presence of meconium exist. 1) Infection may be a cause of meconium passage. 2A) Alteration of Zn/P ratio in the amniotic fluid can promote bacterial growth. 2B) Meconium attached to macrophages or absorbed by phagocytosis can impair cellular immune response. The antibiotic prophylaxis is discussed.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMed1994

[Artificial lenses in surgery of traumatic cataracts due to perforating injuries of the eye].

In this work longdated anatomical and functional results of artificial lens implantation in traumatic cataracts after perforation of the eye in the group of 44 eyes (43 patients) aged between 3-54 years are evaluated (in the years 1985-89). Average period of observation was 6.3 years. Saving capsula, the artificial intraocular lens was implanted into the posterior eye chamber. In the years 1985-86 also the pupilar models (T03 Fyodorv-Zacharov) were used. In absent of capsular support, the artificial intraocular lens was implanted into the anterior eye chamber and also the posterior-chamber models with polypropylene haptics were successfully applicated (less number of negative changes was achieved). The visual acuity 6/36 and better was constated in 79.5% eyes (before operation only in 13.7%) during the last examination of the observed patients. Best results were achieved after implantation into the posterior eye chamber (90% of the eyes had visual acuity 6/6-6/12).

Adolescent↗