Biomedical subjects

A Humpe

Publications and source records attributed to A Humpe.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Flow cytometric detection of platelet-reactive antibodies and application in platelet crossmatching.

BACKGROUND: Alloimmunization against HLA or platelet antigens can cause refractoriness to platelet transfusions in multiply transfused patients. Crossmatching of platelet concentrates is effective in overcoming this problem. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A flow cytometric assay was used for simultaneous detection of lymphocyte-reactive and platelet-reactive antibodies in a single sample using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled anti-IgG. This assay was compared with the monoclonal antibody-specific immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay in selected sera containing HLA and platelet antibodies. In a further study, this assay was compared with lymphocytotoxicity test results from thrombocytopenic patients, for whom platelet concentrates were ordered. The results of both assays were then correlated with the 1-hour corrected count increment, with a corrected count increment greater then 7500 considered as an adequate transfusion response. RESULTS: The results of the MAIPA and flow cytometric assay in detecting platelet-reactive antibodies correlated well (p<0.0001, r = 0.84). The sensitivity and specificity of the flow cytometric assay in detecting platelet-reactive antibodies were 94.7 and 96.3 percent, when the MAIPA assay was taken as a reference. In unselected sera from patients, the sensitivity and specificity of the flow cytometric assays were, respectively, 72.7 and 91.7 percent in detecting lymphocyte-reactive antibodies and 70.6 and 77.7 percent in detecting platelet-reactive antibodies, when the lymphocytotoxicity test was used as a reference. With regard to an adequate transfusion response, the sensitivities and efficiencies were 20.0 and 82.1 percent, 33.3 and 84.3 percent, and 70.0 and 88.6 percent for the lymphocytotoxicity test and the lymphocyte-reactive and platelet-reactive flow cytometric assays, respectively. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometric crossmatching appears to be an effective method of detecting platelet-reactive antibodies that may affect the success of platelet transfusions. This procedure is well-suited for routine conditions and can be performed within 2 hours.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1996

[Immunologic effects of blood donation].

The effects of blood transfusion and blood donation on the immune system are still unclear. In a prospective study we investigated the effect of blood and blood component donation on several immunologic parameters. Lymphocyte subsets and cytokine levels were determined in 25 repeat whole-blood donors (RD), 25 plateletpheresis donors (PD), and 20 autologous blood donors (AD). First-time donors (FTD, n = 20) served as controls. Lymphocyte subsets and cytokines were determined using standard methods. Leukocytes, T-suppressor cells and natural killer (NK) cells were decreased in RD and PD when compared to FTD. Additionally, NK cells decreased with repeat donations in AD. No significant differences of cytokines in the different groups or during repeat autologous donations were observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Mobilization of CD34-positive tumour cells in a patient with testicular mixed germ cell tumour.

Tumour cells from a patient with recurrent testicular germ cell cancer and bone marrow infiltration were found to express CD33 and CD34 in the absence of other haemopoiesis-associated antigens. After myelosuppression and treatment with G-CSF for stem cell mobilization, CD34-positive tumour cells were detected in the peripheral blood in addition to normal haemopoietic progenitor cells. The tumour cells were decreased in the leukapheresis product. Retrospectively, the appearance of tumour cells in the peripheral blood after stem cell mobilization was the first indication of impending relapse.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Early intensive and myeloablative adjuvant chemotherapy in women with high-risk breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Women with breast cancer and > 10 positive lymph nodes have an unfavorable prognosis. The optimal combination and intensity of adjuvant chemotherapy is uncertain. Between July 1994 and December 1996 we treated 19 patients with early intensive followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were initially diagnosed with breast cancer and multiple positive lymph nodes. Induction chemotherapy consisted of two courses VP16, ifosphamide, cisplatin and epirubicin (VIPE) and one course of mitoxantrone, cyclophosphamide and thiotepa (MCT). Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized after the first or second course of VIPE and retransfused two days after high dose chemotherapy. RESULTS: Stem cells were successfully collected in all patients. Major toxicities (WHO grade III and IV) were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, nausea, infections and mucositis. Hematopoietic recovery occurred in all patients with a median of 10 days for leukocytes and 13 days for platelets. No patient died of therapy-induced complications. The median observation time is 24 months. Two patients have relapsed, one with locoregional disease. The projected rate of patients with disease-free survival after three years is 88%. CONCLUSIONS: Early intensive and myeloablative chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is a highly efficient and feasible protocol for high risk patients with breast cancer.

Adolescent↗