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Biomedical subjects

A I Boldyrev

Publications and source records attributed to A I Boldyrev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

On the aromaticity of square planar Ga4(2-) and In4(2-) in gaseous NaGa4- and NaIn4- clusters.

We investigated the electronic structure and chemical bonding of two bimetallic clusters NaGa4- and NaIn4-. Photoelectron spectra of the anions were obtained and compared with ab initio calculations. We found that the ground state of the two anions contains a square planar dianion interacting with a Na+ cation. The Ga4(2-) and In4(2-) dianions both possess two delocalized pi electrons and are considered to be aromatic, similar to that recently found in Al4(2-). Using calculations for a model compound, we showed that a recently synthesized Ga4-organometallic compound also contains an aromatic -Ga4(2-)- unit, analogous to the gaseous clusters.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Observation of all-metal aromatic molecules.

Aromaticity is a concept invented to account for the unusual stability of an important class of organic molecules: the aromatic compounds. Here we report experimental and theoretical evidence of aromaticity in all-metal systems. A series of bimetallic clusters with chemical composition MAl4- (M = Li, Na, or Cu), was created and studied with photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. All the MAl4- species possess a pyramidal structure containing an M+ cation interacting with a square Al4(2-) unit. Ab initio studies indicate that Al4(2-) exhibits characteristics of aromaticity with two delocalized pi electrons (thus following the 4n + 2 electron counting rule) and a square planar structure and maintains its structural and electronic features in all the MAl4- complexes. These findings expand the aromaticity concept into the arena of all-metal species.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

[Partial disorders of consciousness in epilepsy].

A group of 50 patients with partial disorders of consciousness in epilepsy was distinguished as a result of observation of 500 epileptic patients. Partial disorders of consciousness were observed in periods before, after and between the fits. Their durations were in the range from several minutes to several days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Various practical aspects of the problem of epilepsy].

The paper treats of the problems of early diagnosis, the necessity of treatment initiation at the prodromal stage (before typical epileptic seizures appear), problems of remission estimation and crossing off the register as well as of the problems of education and prevention of psychopathological disorders, deviant behavior, problems of the formation of pathological stereotypes, and antisocial behavior. Emphasis is laid on the importance of inserting corrections by the physicians into educational issues.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pathological stereotypes in epilepsy].

The paper is concerned with an analysis of the origin and development of pathological stereotypes in patients with epilepsy. Different kinds of those stereotypes which are encountered most frequently among epileptics are described. Examples illustrating the origin of the pathological system of conditioned reflex relations in epileptics of varying age are considered. Emphasis is laid on the importance of preventing pathological stereotypes interfering with the treatment of patients suffering from epilepsy. It is shown that changes in those stereotypes require long, sometimes of many years, educational correction and psychotherapeutic work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of patients with psychomotor epileptic attacks resistant to conventional anticonvulsant therapy].

The authors' personal experience and the pertinent publications were reviewed in order to provide grounds for inclusion of L-Dopa into the scheme of treatment of patients with psychomotor epilepsy. A total of 45 patients with psychomotor attacks were treated and followed during 4 to 5 years. The steady therapeutic effect of L-Dopa was documented in its combination with the anticonvulsants as diphenin, finlepsin. L-Dopa proved also efficient with hexamidine and antelepsin in polymorphic seizures. The authors report on the reduction of personality changes in 12% of L-Dopa treated patients. The latter group attained full social rehabilitation. L-Dopo displayed a positive effect in treating the psychomotor attacks, especially those resistant to common anticonvulsant treatment.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1989

[Pathomorphosis of personality changes in patients with epilepsy].

Psychical features of 600 epileptic patients aged 5 to 40 were investigated in a long term clinical follow-up. Social changes, environmental factors, education faults had major effects on the patients. Classical personality traits were subject to a considerable pathomorphosis in these patients. Along with some positive traits as accuracy, economy, marked were egoism, egocentrism, dependency trends and other negative traits preventing social adaptation. The author stresses that correct education is crucial for prevention of pathological personality changes. This requires joint efforts of psychiatrists, teachers and sociologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of residual function of the hand in its defects].

The authors have worked out a method of evaluation of residual function of the hand. The method is based on successful on successful 25 types of grasping and functional positions which are most commonly occurring in every-day life of correspond to certain professional skills. This method has been used in the examination of 60 patients before surgical treatment, after reconstructive interventions and subsequent prosthetics. The examination has demonstrated that surgical treatment of prosthetics increased the residual function of the hand on the average to 50%. Surgical treatment combined with prosthetics restores the functional abilities of the hand to 3/4 of the normal condition.

Amputees↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of children and adolescents in the initial stage of epilepsy].

Extensive experience of treatment of 727 children and adolescents enabled the author to design major principles of treatment of different initial signs of epilepsy which constitute a basis for prevention of its severe manifestations. Monotherapy and combination of different antiepileptic drugs are recommended depending on the attacks nature and the epileptic focus localization. The emphasis is made on the necessity for a combined treatment taking into consideration not only the seizures characteristics but the patients psychosomatic state as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[A new approach to the diagnosis of epilepsy].

Clinical and biochemical investigation was performed in 49 patients with epilepsy of different etiology and clinical course, 10 patients with nonepileptic forms of neurologic and psychic disorders and 50 normal subjects. An additional blood serum protein fraction was found in epileptic patients as compared with the normals using the electrophoretic investigation on the acetate-cellulose plates and devices produced by Hélène France company. Additional biochemical study is suggested as a diagnostic tool in epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Initial paroxysmal manifestations of epilepsy in children].

The article is devoted to characteristics of the onset of epilepsy in children. First paroxysmal manifestations observed in 727 children and 600 adults have been subjected to a comparative analysis. The children are characterized by the predominance of primary generalized attacks over secondary generalized and focal paroxysms. Other age-related differences in the structure of paroxysms have been ascertained. Complicated initial nonconvulsive forms of paroxysms and their time course are described. The author calls attention to the difficulties of therapy in connection with a great variability of paroxysmal manifestations which necessitate further improvement in the existent classification of epileptic attacks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Deviant behavior of epileptic children].

The main clinical forms of deviant behaviour observed in 300 epileptic children are presented. Behavioural deviations in children are considered as a result of brain organic damage or educational defect or a combination of these factors. Ways for medical and pedagogical correction of deviant behaviour in this group of patients are outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Various aspects of the treatment of epilepsy patients].

On the basis of long-term clinical studies the author has analyzed the errors and drawbacks in the treatment of epileptic patients. This is the first paper appearing in the Soviet literature in which contraventions of the principles of the therapeutic process are considered in detail. Thus, it is shown that the use of only drugs or surgical treatment is not always sufficiently effective. The treatment should be comprehensive and variable with respect to both biological and social state of the patient.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1986

[Neurotic states in children with epileptic parents].

On the basis of neurological, encephalographic and clinico-anamnestic examinations of 106 children with a family history of epilepsy the authors have specified a group of children (n = 38) suffering from different neurotic disorders which included neurotic ticks, sleep disturbances, affective-shock reactions and signs of asthenization. The role of familial factors in the formation of neurotic states of children is emphasized. The authors consider the time during which the child was exposed to psychotraumatic circumstances and the relationship between the severity of epileptic process in parents and the development of neurotic disorders in their progeny. A conclusion has been made that the disease of the parents can exert both direct and indirect influence on the nervous system of the child, this leading to the development of different neurotic states. The prophylaxis of neurotic disturbances in children should include the creation of healthy psychic atmosphere in families where one of the parents suffers from epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Family situation of epilepsy patients].

The study is devoted to the investigation of the marital status of epileptic patients as a major parameter of the patient's social adaptation. The author analyzes the marital status of 17,236 epileptic patients aged 16 years and over registered at 18 psychoneurological outpatient centres. The obtained results are compared to the earlier published analogous data. It was found that over 50% of epileptic patients aged 16 years and over are married, which agrees with the investigations conducted previously. It is emphasized that a high percentage of married patients correlates with their stable occupational compensation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Prognosis of epilepsy in light of catamnestic studies].

As a result of a long-term follow-up of 300 epiletic patients the author has determined clinical and social factors of the favourable and unfavourable prognosis in epilepsy. The prognosis is determined by the severity of the organic brain lesion underlying epilepsy, the localization and activity of the epileptic focus, its time-course, the tempo of the increase of psychopathological and paroxysmal disorders, the effect of intercurrent diseases, psychotraumatic situations, as well as by the early and adequate therapeutic and rehabilitation measures. Of a significant role in such prediction is the assessment of the clinical manifestations of the disease during its progression under conditions of drug therapy, as well as a number of social fastors (the capacity to work and learn, marital status, etc.).

Epilepsy↗