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Biomedical subjects

A I Canady

Publications and source records attributed to A I Canady.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Neuropsychological functioning of hydrocephalic children.

A group of 30 five- to eight-year-old hydrocephalic children was administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. As a group, they displayed a pattern of lower PIQ than VIQ. Their performance was within the average range of many neuropsychological tests, but they performed poorly on some measures of complex visuospatial functioning. It is concluded that hydrocephalic children at this early age exhibit relatively reduced efficiency in processing complex or novel nonverbal stimuli. The possibility of dysfunction in the posterior regions of the right cerebral hemisphere is discussed.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1990

Cerebrospinal fluid shunt malfunction signaled by new or recurrent seizures.

We have observed two patient groups with seizure activity as the primary presentation of shunt malfunction. Eight patients had a first-time seizure, and seven patients had a history of prior seizures, none more recently than 1 year prior to the seizure recurrence. Five of seven patients with prior seizures who seized were on anticonvulsant medication, three of these seven patients had therapeutic anticonvulsant levels. Shunt malfunction was diagnosed via a combination of tests. The electroencephalograms of nine patients were diffusely abnormal with regions of slowing and focal spike activity. Seizure activity stopped in all patients after preoperative stabilization with anticonvulsant medication and shunt revision. These 15 patients represent 2% of all patients treated for shunt malfunction during a 3-year period. The assessment of new or recurrent seizure activity in a previously stable shunted patient should include evaluation of shunt function whatever the anticonvulsant levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Psychometric intelligence after infantile hydrocephalus. A critical review and reinterpretation.

Methodological issues in research concerning intellectual sequelae of infantile hydrocephalus are reviewed, and a multivariate statistical approach to this problem is proposed and exemplified. The significance of a variety of medical history variables with regard to psychometric intelligence was assessed in a sample of 5- to 8-year-old children who had been shunted in the 1st year of life. Stepwise discriminant analyses revealed that many medical history variables were neutral with regard to intellectual outcome (as assessed by performance on psychometric tests). The presence of additional medical problems in infancy, as well as current ocular defects, were the most significant variables that were associated with a high likelihood of mental retardation. Implications for further research are discussed.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed1989

Paraplegia after lumbar puncture. In an infant with previously undiagnosed hemophilia A. Treatment and peri-operative considerations.

We report a 3-month-old infant who became paraplegic from an epidural hematoma caused by a diagnostic lumbar puncture for work-up of sepsis. The differential diagnosis of the cause of paraplegia was epidural hematoma formation versus spinal abscess. Hemophilia A was diagnosed when coagulation studies were discovered to be abnormal, and non-contrast CT scan revealed an epidural mass with spinal cord displacement. The coagulopathy was rapidly corrected preoperatively with an infusion of cryoprecipitate. A medially limited bilateral T8-L4 laminectomy allowed complete evacuation of the hematoma with maximum preservation of normal bone tissue, but no clinical improvement resulted. Coagulopathy should be highly suspect in an infant who becomes paraplegic after lumbar puncture. The coagulopathy may be rapidly corrected with deficient factor replacement, allowing major spinal surgery to be performed safely.

Epidural Space↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound abnormalities in term infants on ECMO.

The charts and cranial ultrasounds of 29 infants treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for respiratory insufficiency secondary to meconium aspiration syndrome, primary pulmonary hypertension, congenital diaphragmatic hernia and/or sepsis were examined to identify ultrasound abnormalities. Seventeen (58.6%) developed extra-axial fluid collections, only two of which were progressive. Ten (34.5%) developed evidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH): seven caudate, one each in the thalamus, parietal and occipital lobes. Eight (27.65%) of the neonates had seizures while on ECMO, 5 of whom had concurrent ICH.

Adolescent↗